Journal ArticleDOI
Transplantation of fetal retinal pigment epithelium in age-related macular degeneration with subfoveal neovascularization.
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TLDR
Human fetal RPE transplants survive well in the macula for as long as 3 months and are capable of growing to cover epithelial defects caused by removal of subretinal neovascular membranes.Abstract:
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is caused by abnormal retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and may be complicated by choroidal neovascularization. The object of treatment would be to replace the diseased RPE with normal human RPE. • Method: Five patients with ARMD (preoperative visual acuity 0.08–0.2) underwent removal of subretinal fibrovascular membranes using pars plana vitrectomy techniques. Human fetal RPE (15–17 weeks gestational age) was cultured and transplanted as a monolayer patch into the subretinal space. Transplants were followed by funduscopy and fluorescein angiography. Macular function was assessed using scanning laser ophthalmoscopic (SLO) microperimetry. • Results: Three RPE transplants were placed in the fovea; two were placed parafoveally. All transplants have survived for 3 months. They have grown and increased in size covering part of the epithelial defect caused by removal of the fibrovascular membrane. SLO microperimetry indicated that visual function was present in four of the transplants at 1 month but in only two at 3 months after surgery. Function over the transplants, especially those in the fovea, was compromised by cystoidlike macular edema. • Conclusions: Human fetal RPE transplants survive well in the macula for as long as 3 months. They are capable of growing to cover epithelial defects caused by removal of subretinal neovascular membranes. The causes for development of macular edema in transplants directly in the fovea warrant further evaluation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic stem cell trials for macular degeneration: a preliminary report
Steven D. Schwartz,Jean-Pierre Hubschman,Gad Heilwell,Valentina Franco-Cardenas,Carolyn K. Pan,Rosaleen Ostrick,Edmund Mickunas,Irina Klimanskaya,Robert Lanza +8 more
TL;DR: The first description of hESC-derived cells transplanted into human patients with Stargardt's macular dystrophy and dry age-related macular degeneration is provided, with no signs of hyperproliferation, tumorigenicity, ectopic tissue formation, or apparent rejection after 4 months.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium in patients with age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt's macular dystrophy: follow-up of two open-label phase 1/2 studies
Steven D. Schwartz,Carl D. Regillo,Byron L. Lam,Dean Eliott,Philip J. Rosenfeld,Ninel Z. Gregori,Jean-Pierre Hubschman,Janet L. Davis,Gad Heilwell,Marc J. Spirn,Joseph I. Maguire,Jane Bateman,Rosaleen Ostrick,Debra Morris,Matthew Vincent,Eddy Anglade,Lucian V. Del Priore,Robert Lanza +17 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that hESC-derived cells could provide a potentially safe new source of cells for the treatment of various unmet medical disorders requiring tissue repair or replacement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Age-related macular degeneration: etiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic strategies.
Jayakrishna Ambati,Jayakrishna Ambati,Balamurali K. Ambati,Balamurali K. Ambati,Sonia H Yoo,Sonia H Yoo,Sean Ianchulev,Anthony P. Adamis +7 more
TL;DR: Transgenic and knockout studies have provided important mechanistic insights into the development of choroidal neovascularization, the principal cause of vision loss in age-related macular degeneration, and this in turn has culminated in preclinical and clinical trials of directed molecular interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Sheets Aiming for Clinical Application
Hiroyuki Kamao,Michiko Mandai,Satoshi Okamoto,Noriko Sakai,Akiko Suga,Sunao Sugita,Junichi Kiryu,Masayo Takahashi +7 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that autologous hiPSC-RPE cell sheets may serve as a useful form of graft for use in tissue replacement therapy for AMD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Treatment of Macular Degeneration Using Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Preliminary Results in Asian Patients
Won Kyung Song,Kyung Mi Park,Hyun-Ju Kim,Jae-Ho Lee,Jinjung Choi,So Young Chong,Sung Han Shim,Lucian V. Del Priore,Robert Lanza +8 more
TL;DR: The results confirmed that hESC-derived cells could serve as a potentially safe new source for regenerative medicine and improve visual acuity in four Asian patients with dry age-related macular degeneration.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ageing and degeneration in the macular region: a clinico-pathological study.
TL;DR: This series represented eyes in which the fundi were normal or showed various manifestations of senile macular degeneration, and the basal linear deposit seems to be a manifestation of gradual failure of the pigment epithelium and proved to be the most suitable criterion by which to study the natural history ofsenile macularity degeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathology of human cystoid macular edema
TL;DR: The light and electron microscopic findings are reviewed in two patients who had eyes enucleated for peripheral choroidal malignant melanomas, and marked intracellular swelling of glial cells in the lamina choroidalis of the optic nerve head was present, associated with compression of the adjacent axons.
Journal ArticleDOI
A technique for retinal pigment epithelium transplantation for age-related macular degeneration secondary to extensive subfoveal scarring
Gholam A. Peyman,Kevin J. Blinder,Christopher L. Paris,Walid A Alturki,Norman C Nelson,Uday R Desai +5 more
TL;DR: The surgical excision of submacular scar in end-stage age-related macular degeneration and transplantation of autologous and homologous retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and Bruch's membrane is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathologic features of surgically excised subretinal neovascular membranes in age-related macular degeneration
Pedro F. Lopez,Hans E. Grossniklaus,H. Michael Lambert,Thomas M. Aaberg,Antonio Capone,Paul Sternberg,Nancy L'Hernault +6 more
TL;DR: The histopathologic features of ten consecutive surgically excised subfoveal neovascular membranes from patients with age-related macular degeneration were examined and chronic inflammatory cells were frequently evident and included macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells.
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