Trends in active power line conditioners
09 Nov 1992-Vol. 1, Iss: 1, pp 19-24
TL;DR: Trends and future prospects in active power line conditioners using pulse-width-modulation inverters are presented with the focus on practical applications.
Abstract: Trends and future prospects in active power line conditioners using pulse-width-modulation inverters are presented with the focus on practical applications. Attention is given to shunt active power line conditioners and to two combined systems of active power line conditioners and shunt passive filters, which are classified into a combined system with shunt active conditioners, and with series active conditioners. >
Engineering
Electrical Engineering fields
Okayama University Year 1992
Trends in active power line conditioners
Hirofumi Akagi
Okayama University
This paper is posted at eScholarship@OUDIR : Okayama University Digital Information
Repository.
http://escholarship.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/electrical engineering/58
Citations
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TL;DR: This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications.
Abstract: Active filtering of electric power has now become a mature technology for harmonic and reactive power compensation in two-wire (single phase), three-wire (three phase without neutral), and four-wire (three phase with neutral) AC power networks with nonlinear loads. This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter (AF) configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications. It is aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of AF technology to researchers and application engineers dealing with power quality issues. A list of more than 200 research publications on the subject is also appended for a quick reference.
2,311 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the present status of active filters based on state-of-the-art power electronics technology, and their future prospects and directions toward the 21st Century, including the personal views and expectations of the author.
Abstract: Attention has been paid to active filters for power conditioning which provide the following multifunctions: reactive power compensation; harmonic compensation; flicker/imbalance compensation; and voltage regulation. Active filters in a range of 50 kVA-60 MVA have been practically installed in Japan. In the near future, the term "active filters" will have a much wider meaning than it did in the 1970s. For instance, active filters intended for harmonic solutions are expanding their functions from harmonic compensation of nonlinear loads into harmonic isolation between utilities and consumers, and harmonic damping throughout power distribution systems. This paper presents the present status of active filters based on state-of-the-art power electronics technology, and their future prospects and directions toward the 21st Century, including the personal views and expectations of the author.
1,700 citations
Cites background from "Trends in active power line conditi..."
...The author prefers the voltagefed to the current-fed PWM inverter because the voltage-fed PWM inverter is higher in efficiency and lower in initial costs than the current-fed PWM inverter [28]....
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05 Dec 2005TL;DR: This paper deals with general pure active filters for power conditioning, and specific hybridactive filters for harmonic filtering of three-phase diode rectifiers.
Abstract: Unlike traditional passive harmonic filters, modern active harmonic filters have the following multiple functions: harmonic filtering, damping,isolation and termination, reactive-power control for power factor correction and voltage regulation, load balancing, voltage-flicker reduction, and/or their combinations. Significant cost reductions in both power semiconductor devices and signal processing devices have inspired manufactures to put active filters on the market. This paper deals with general pure active filters for power conditioning, and specific hybrid active filters for harmonic filtering of three-phase diode rectifiers.
954 citations
Cites methods from "Trends in active power line conditi..."
...The voltage-source PWM converter using IGBTs were the most efficient among the three, even if the switching frequency of 8 kHz was the highest [16], [17]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a power line conditioner consisting of two small rating series active filters and a shunt passive filter is proposed to reduce voltage distortion at the connection point, and eliminate harmonic currents escaping into the system upstream of the connection points.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new power line conditioner consisting of two small rating series active filters and a shunt passive filter. The power line conditioner aims at a general filtering system which will be installed at the point of common coupling in a power system feeding harmonic-sensitive loads and unidentified harmonic-producing loads. One of the two active filters is connected in series with the supply, while another is in series with the shunt passive filter. The purpose of the power line conditioner is to reduce voltage distortion at the connection point, and is to eliminate harmonic currents escaping into the system upstream of the connection point. A control scheme of the two series active filters which play an important role is described in this paper. Its filtering characteristics are discussed with the focus on voltage and current distortion. A prototype model of 20 kVA is constructed to verify the functionality and performance of the power line conditioner. >
209 citations
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TL;DR: A novel, simple, and easily implementable sensorless control scheme based on a wound rotor induction machine with rotor side control to maintain constant voltage and frequency at the output of the generator irrespective of prime mover speed variation is proposed.
Abstract: This paper describes a vector control scheme for a stand-alone generator based on a wound rotor induction machine with rotor side control. The stand-alone generator refers to an isolated grid feeding a local load. The primary objective of the control scheme is to maintain constant voltage and frequency at the output of the generator irrespective of prime mover speed variation. A novel, simple, and easily implementable sensorless control scheme is proposed. The issue of power quality, which is one of the main concerns of a stand-alone generation system, is also addressed. This is done by incorporating the active filter concept in the control scheme to cancel significant harmonics. A method of unit vector generation for field-oriented control is proposed. A laboratory prototype consisting of back-to-back insulated-gate bipolar transistor converters and a TMS320F240 DSP controller is developed. Detailed experimental results are presented which demonstrate and validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
188 citations
Additional excerpts
...Therefore, the conventional method of low-pass filter/integration of stator voltages to generate unit vectors cannot be used for stand-alone generators....
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a new instantaneous reactive power compensator comprising switching devices is proposed, which requires practically no energy storage components, and is based on the instantaneous value concept for arbitrary voltage and current waveforms.
Abstract: The conventional reactive power in single-phase or three- phase circuits has been defined on the basis of the average value concept for sinusoidal voltage and current waveforms in steady states. The instantaneous reactive power in three-phase circuits is defined on the basis of the instantaneous value concept for arbitrary voltage and current waveforms, including transient states. A new instantaneous reactive power compensator comprising switching devices is proposed which requires practically no energy storage components.
3,331 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an active power filter with quadruple voltage-source PWM converters was developed, of which the power circuit consists of quadruple-VRS converters.
Abstract: The control strategy of active power filters using switching devices is proposed on the basis of the instantaneous reactive power theory. This aims at excellent compensation characteristics in transient states as well as steady states. The active power filter is developed, of which the power circuit consists of quadruple voltage-source PWM converters. As the result, interesting compensation characteristics were verified experimentally which could not be obtained by the active power filter based on the conventional reactive power theory.
722 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a combined system of a shunt passive filter and a small rated series active filter was proposed to compensate for harmonics in power systems, and the results showed that the combined system was far superior in efficiency to conventional shunt active filters.
Abstract: A novel approach to compensating for harmonics in power systems is presented. It is a combined system of a shunt passive filter and a small rated series active filter. The compensation principle is described, and some filtering characteristics are discussed in detail. Excellent practicability and validity to compensate for harmonics in power systems are demonstrated experimentally. Although the source harmonic voltage was only 1%, the source harmonic current reached about 10% before the series active filter was started. After it was started, no harmonic current flowed into the shunt passive filter. In addition, no harmonic voltage appeared at the terminals of the shunt passive filter, because the source harmonic voltage was applied to the series active filter. The total loss of the series active filter was less than 40 W. It is concluded that the combined system is far superior in efficiency to conventional shunt active filters. >
656 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a new method of eliminating ac harmonic current is proposed, which is based on the principle of the magnetic flux compensation in a transformer core, by means of the new method, abnormal harmonics as well as normal harmonics can effectively be dealt with.
Abstract: A new method of eliminating ac harmonic current is proposed, which is based on the principle of the magnetic flux compensation in a transformer core. By means of the new method, abnormal harmonics as well as normal harmonics can effectively be dealt with. Considerations on the basic design of the new method are given.
209 citations