Types and combinations of axial triradii among the 20 Dhangar castes of Maharashtra, India

Investigation of Prevalence Pattern of Axial Triradii in the Ikwerres’, Binis’ and Igbos’

Abstract: Background: This study was aimed at investigating the Prevalence Pattern of axial triradii in the Ikwerres‟ Binis‟ and Igbos‟. The study was an observational, analytical and cross-sectional design with volunteers age ranging from 18-60 years. For the purpose of this study, an individual was considered to be a Nigeria of a particular ethnic group if the parents and four grandparents are of the same ethnic group. Materials and Methods: Cluster sampling method was used for the study. The selection and collection of required parameters relied on informed consent of volunteer subjects. This was done by giving them a copy of the informed consent letter which was signed and dated. A total of 1,200 subjects (Bini 400, Ikwerre 400 and Igbos 400) subjects were recruited for the study. The fingerprints were obtained using print scanner (Hp G3110 Photo scanner) following Oghenemavwe and Osaat (2015) improvised model. Results and Discussion: Result of the study showed that the total prevalence of the axial triradii across the three ethnic groups (n=1,200). For Ikwerre (n=400), the total prevalence of the triradii were thus for the right: t 210(52.5%), t 1 128(32.0%), t 2 62(15.5%) while on the left thus t 204(51.0%), t 1 126(31.5%) and t 2 70(17.5%). For Bini (n=400) were thus on the right: t 192(48.0%), t 1 130(30.3%), t 2 78(19.5%) while on the left thus t 187(46.8%), t 1 131(32.8%) and t 2 82(20.4%) and the Igbos (n=400) were thus on the right: t 181(45.3%), t 1 115(28.8%), t 2 104(25.9%) while on the left thus t 174(43.5%), t 1 116(29.0%) and t 2 110(27.5%). In the prevalence of the position of axial triradii across the three ethnic groups, the tposition was the most prevalent, followed by t 1 and t 2 . In the Igbo population there was an increased prevalence of t 2 on the left hand compared to the Ikwerre and Bini population. Conclusion: The similarity in prevalence pattern of the axial trradii suggests possible genetic proximity and that the Ikwerre people may possibly have received contributions from both Bini and Igbo ethnic groups in the formation of the Ikwerre ethnic group.

Camptodactyly: occurrence in two new genetic syndromes and its relationship to other syndromes.

Abstract: The term camptodactyly was coined by Landouzy (1906) to describe a form of contractures of the fingers. The aetiology of this defect is heterogeneous; it may be either genetic or occur as a sporadic event of unknown cause (Gordon, Davies, and Berman, 1969). It is further known that several independent heritable disorders are associated with camptodactyly (Welch and Temtamy, 1966). Recently we have studied two separate families each of which presented with camptodactyly. The main constellation of findings in addition to camptodactyly were identical in the affected members of each family, but one family differed markedly from the other. Since we have been unable to find previous reports describing these observations they seem to represent two new genetic syndromes. The purposes of this communication will be to give a detailed clinical account of each syndrome and to discuss the possible significance and relationship of camptodactyly in various genetically determined conditions.