Typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital setting by using novel software for spa repeat determination and database management
Dag Harmsen,Heike Claus,Wolfgang Witte,Jörg Rothgänger,Hermann Claus,Doris Turnwald,Ulrich Vogel +6 more
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In this paper, the authors used sequence typing of the spa gene repeat region to study the epidemiology of MRSA at a German university hospital during two periods of 10 and 4 months, respectively.Abstract:
The spa gene of Staphylococcus aureus encodes protein A and is used for typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) We used sequence typing of the spa gene repeat region to study the epidemiology of MRSA at a German university hospital One hundred seven and 84 strains were studied during two periods of 10 and 4 months, respectively Repeats and spa types were determined by Ridom StaphType, a novel software tool allowing rapid repeat determination, data management and retrieval, and Internet-based assignment of new spa types following automatic quality control of DNA sequence chromatograms Isolates representative of the most abundant spa types were subjected to multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis One of two predominant spa types was replaced by a clonally related variant in the second study period Ten unique spa types, which were equally distributed in both study periods, were recovered The data show a rapid dynamics of clone circulation in a university hospital setting spa typing was valuable for tracking of epidemic isolates The data show that disproval of epidemiologically suggested transmissions of MRSA is one of the main objectives of spa typing in departments with a high incidence of MRSAread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of MRSA During Hospital Transmission and Intercontinental Spread
Simon R. Harris,Edward J. Feil,Matthew T. G. Holden,Michael A. Quail,Emma K. Nickerson,Emma K. Nickerson,Narisara Chantratita,Susana Gardete,Susana Gardete,Ana Tavares,Nicholas P. J. Day,Nicholas P. J. Day,Jodi A. Lindsay,Jonathan D. Edgeworth,Jonathan D. Edgeworth,Hermínia de Lencastre,Hermínia de Lencastre,Julian Parkhill,Sharon J. Peacock,Sharon J. Peacock,Stephen D. Bentley +20 more
TL;DR: A high-throughput genomics approach is used to show that isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are precisely differentiated into a global geographic structure and suggest that intercontinental transmission has occurred for nearly four decades.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nasal Carriage as a Source of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Gina Pugliese,Martin S. Favero +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that molecular typing of coagulase-negative staphylococci from blood cultures does not correlate with clinical criteria for true bacteremia, suggesting either that true bactseremias are frequently the result of multiple strains or that the commonly used clinical criteria are not accurate for distinguishing contamination from true b acteremia.
Journal ArticleDOI
A field guide to pandemic, epidemic and sporadic clones of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Stefan Monecke,Geoffrey W. Coombs,Anna C. Shore,David C. Coleman,Patrick Eberechi Akpaka,Michael Borg,Henry Chow,Margaret Ip,Lutz Jatzwauk,Daniel Jonas,Kristina Kadlec,Angela M. Kearns,Frédéric Laurent,Frances G. O'Brien,Julie C. Pearson,Antje Ruppelt,Stefan Schwarz,E. Scicluna,Peter Slickers,Hui-Leen Tan,Stefan Weber,Ralf Ehricht +21 more
TL;DR: A high level of biodiversity among MRSA, especially among strains harbouring SCCmec IV and V elements is shown, and the data indicate a high rate of genetic recombination in MRSA involving SCC elements, bacteriophages or other mobile genetic elements and large-scale chromosomal replacements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Molecular Characterization, Evolution, and Epidemiology
Sahreena Lakhundi,Kunyan Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: The origin of MRSA is described, with emphasis on the diverse nature of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec).
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for the validation and application of typing methods for use in bacterial epidemiology
A. van Belkum,Panayotis T. Tassios,Lenie Dijkshoorn,Sara Hæggman,Barry Cookson,Norman K. Fry,V. Fussing,Jonathan Green,Edward J. Feil,Peter Gerner-Smidt,Sylvain Brisse,Marc Struelens +11 more
TL;DR: Newer and older, phenotypic and genotypic methods for typing of all clinically relevant bacterial species are described according to their principles, advantages and disadvantages and Criteria for their evaluation and application and the interpretation of their results are proposed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multilocus sequence typing: A portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms
Martin C. J. Maiden,Jane A. Bygraves,Edward J. Feil,Giovanna Morelli,Joanne E. Russell,Rachel Urwin,Qing Zhang,Jiaji Zhou,Kerstin Zurth,Dominique A. Caugant,Ian M. Feavers,Mark Achtman,Brian G. Spratt +12 more
TL;DR: Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), which exploits the unambiguous nature and electronic portability of nucleotide sequence data for the characterization of microorganisms, can be applied to almost all bacterial species and other haploid organisms, including those that are difficult to cultivate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multilocus sequence typing for characterization of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus.
Mark C. Enright,Nicholas P. J. Day,Catrin E. Davies,Sharon J Peacock,Sharon J Peacock,Brian G. Spratt +5 more
TL;DR: A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme has been developed for Staphylococcus aureus and provides an unambiguous method for assigning MRSA and MSSA isolates to known clones or assigning them as novel clones via the Internet.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: A meta-analysis
Sara E. Cosgrove,George Sakoulas,Eli N. Perencevich,Mitchell J. Schwaber,Adolf W. Karchmer,Yehuda Carmeli,Yehuda Carmeli +6 more
TL;DR: A meta-analysis was performed to summarize the impact of methicillin-resistance on mortality in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and explored the reasons for heterogeneity by means of subgroup analyses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nasal Carriage as a Source of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined S. aureus isolates from blood and from nasal specimens to determine whether the organisms in the bloodstream originated from the patient's own flora.
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolutionary history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Mark C. Enright,D. Ashley Robinson,Gaynor Randle,Edward J. Feil,Hajo Grundmann,Brian G. Spratt +5 more
TL;DR: This work analyzes an international collection of 912 MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates to establish the likely evolutionary origins of each major MRSA clone, the genotype of the original MRSAclone and its MSSA progenitor, and the extent of acquisition and horizontal movement of the methiillin resistance genes.