Una nueva especie de spheniscidae del Mioceno Tardío de la Formación Pisco, Perú

doi:10.4000/BIFEA.6541

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Una nueva especie de spheniscidae del Mioceno Tardío de la Formación Pisco, Perú

Journal Article•DOI•

Una nueva especie de spheniscidae del Mioceno Tardío de la Formación Pisco, Perú

Marcelo Stucchi, Mario Urbina, Alfredo Giraldo

01 Sep 2003-Vol. 32, Iss: 2, pp 361-375

TL;DR: The authors describe elementos craneales atribuibles a nueva especie del genero Spheniscus, procedentes del Mioceno tardio de la Formación Pisco, in la costa centro-sur del Peru.

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Abstract: Se describen elementos craneales atribuibles a una nueva especie del genero Spheniscus, procedentes del Mioceno tardio de la Formacion Pisco, en la costa centro-sur del Peru Esta nueva especie se caracteriza por tener un rostrum, en relacion con el craneo, proporcionalmente mayor que el observado en las demas especies del genero Finalmente, se discute brevemente sobre el valor adaptativo de los caracteres observados

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Journal Article•DOI•

Distribution of fossil marine vertebrates in Cerro Colorado, the type locality of the giant raptorial sperm whale Livyatan melvillei (Miocene, Pisco Formation, Peru)

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Giovanni Bianucci¹, Claudio Di Celma², Walter Landini¹, Klaas Post, Chiara Tinelli¹, Christian de Muizon³, Karen Gariboldi¹, Elisa Malinverno⁴, Gino Cantalamessa², Anna Gioncada¹, Alberto Collareta¹, Rodolfo Salas Gismondi⁵, Rafael M. Varas-Malca⁵, Mario Urbina⁵, Olivier Lambert⁶ - Show less +11 more•Institutions (6)

University of Pisa¹, University of Camerino², University of Paris³, University of Milan⁴, National University of San Marcos⁵, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences⁶

26 May 2016-Journal of Maps

TL;DR: In this article, hundreds of fossil marine vertebrates cropping out at Cerro Colorado (Pisco Basin, Peru) are identified and reported on a 1:6500 scale geological map and in a joined stratigraphic section.

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Abstract: Hundreds of fossil marine vertebrates cropping out at Cerro Colorado (Pisco Basin, Peru) are identified and reported on a 1:6500 scale geological map and in a joined stratigraphic section. All the fossils are from the lower strata of the Pisco Formation, dated in this area to the late middle or early late Miocene. They are particularly concentrated (88%) in the stratigraphic interval from 40 to 75 m above the unconformity with the underlying Chilcatay Formation. The impressive fossil assemblage includes more than 300 specimens preserved as bone elements belonging mostly to cetaceans (81%), represented by mysticetes (cetotheriids and balaenopteroids) and odontocetes (kentriodontid-like delphinidans, pontoporiids, ziphiids, and physeteroids, including the giant raptorial sperm whale Livyatan melvillei). Seals, crocodiles, sea turtles, seabirds, bony fish, and sharks are also reported. Isolated large teeth of Carcharocles and Cosmopolitodus are common throughout the investigated stratigraphical interval, whe...

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77 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The Basal Penguin (Aves: Sphenisciformes) Perudyptes devriesi and a Phylogenetic Evaluation of the Penguin Fossil Record

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Daniel T. Ksepka¹, Julia A. Clarke²•Institutions (2)

North Carolina State University¹, University of Texas at Austin²

08 Jun 2010-Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

TL;DR: These two species, known from relatively complete partial skeletons, are the oldest crown clade penguin fossils and represent well-corroborated temporal calibration points for the Spheniscus-Eudyptula divergence and Megadyptes-EUDyptes divergence, respectively.

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Abstract: We present the first detailed description of Perudyptes devriesi, a basal penguin from the middle Eocene (~42 Ma) Paracas Formation of Peru, and a new analysis of all published extinct penguin species as well as controversial fragmentary specimens. The Perudyptes devriesi holotype includes key regions of the skull and significant postcranial material, thus helping to fill a major phylogenetic and stratigraphic (~20 million year) gap between the earliest fossil penguins (Waimanu manneringi and Waimanu tuatahi, ~58–61.6 Ma) and the next oldest partial skeletons. Perudyptes devriesi is diagnosable by five autapomorphies: (1) an anteroventrally directed postorbital process, (2) marked anterior expansion of the parasphenoid rostrum, (3) posterior trochlear ridge of the humerus projecting distal to the middle trochlear ridge and conformed as a large, broadly curved surface, (4) convex articular surface for the antitrochanter of the femur, and (5) extremely weak anterior projection of the lateral condyl...

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75 citations

Cites background from "Una nueva especie de spheniscidae d..."

...Marine deposits were laid down over the course of the Cenozoic during six major transgressions (DeVries, 1998) and preserve a wealth of fossil marine vertebrates (e.g., Muizon, 1981, 1984, 1988, 1993; Muizon et al., 2003, 2004; Stucchi, 2002, 2003, 2007; Stucchi and Urbina, 2004; Stucchi and Emslie, 2005; Stucchi et al., 2003; Clarke et al., 2007; Esperante et al., 2008; Ksepka et al., 2008; Lambert et al., 2008) and invertebrates (e....
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...…(e.g., Muizon, 1981, 1984, 1988, 1993; Muizon et al., 2003, 2004; Stucchi, 2002, 2003, 2007; Stucchi and Urbina, 2004; Stucchi and Emslie, 2005; Stucchi et al., 2003; Clarke et al., 2007; Esperante et al., 2008; Ksepka et al., 2008; Lambert et al., 2008) and invertebrates (e.g., Rivera, 1957;…...
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Journal Article•

Eocene penguins of Seymour Island, Antarctica: Taxonomy

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Andrzej Myrcha¹, Piotr Jadwiszczak¹•Institutions (1)

University of Białystok¹

01 Jan 2006-Polish Polar Research

TL;DR: It is suggested that ten species grouped in six genera are a minimal reliable estimate of the Eocene Antarctic penguin diver− sity, which may have co−existed in the Antarctic Peninsula region during the Late Eocene epoch.

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Abstract: Skeletal remains of penguins from the Eocene La Meseta Formation (Seymour Is− land, Antarctica) constitute the only extensive fossil record of Antarctic Sphenisciformes. No articulated skeletons are known, and almost all fossils occur as single isolated elements. Most of the named species are based on tarsometatarsi (for which the taxonomy was revised in 2002). Here, 694 bones (from the Polish collection) other than tarsometatarsi are reviewed, and allocated to species. They confirm previous conclusions and suggest that ten species grouped in six genera are a minimal reliable estimate of the Eocene Antarctic penguin diver− sity. The species are: Anthropornis grandis, A. nordenskjoeldi, Archaeospheniscus wimani, Delphinornis arctowskii, D. gracilis, D. larseni, Marambiornis exilis, Mesetaornis polaris, Palaeeudyptes gunnari and P. klekowskii. Moreover, diagnoses of four genera (Anthropornis, Archaeospheniscus, Delphinornis and Palaeeudyptes) and two species (P. gunnari and P. klekowskii) are supplemented with additional, non−tarsometatarsal features. Four species of the smallest penguins from the La Meseta Formation (D. arctowskii, D. gracilis, M. exilis and M. polaris) seem to be the youngest taxa within the studied assemblage - their remains come exclusively from the uppermost unit of the formation. All ten recognized species may have co−existed in the Antarctic Peninsula region during the Late Eocene epoch. Key wor ds: Antarctica, La Meseta Formation (Eocene), paleontology (penguins), taxon− omy.

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71 citations

Cites background from "Una nueva especie de spheniscidae d..."

...…Paleocene or Early Eocene of New Zealand (Fordyce and Jones 1990) and the Cross Valley Formation (Late Paleo− cene) of Seymour Island, Antarctica (Tambussi et al. 2005), however, the fossil re− cord of the present−day genera commences in the Late Miocene of Peru (Stucchi 2002; Stucchi et al. 2003)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Macroraptorial sperm whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Peru

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Olivier Lambert¹, Giovanni Bianucci², Christian de Muizon³•Institutions (3)

Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences¹, University of Pisa², University of Paris³

07 Sep 2016-Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

TL;DR: A phylogenetic analysis based on 53 characters and 21 physeteroid species confirms the monophyly of Acrophyseter and groups this genus with the larger, middle to late Miocene macroraptorial stem physeteroids Brygmophyseter and Zygophyseter.

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62 citations

Book Chapter•DOI•

Penguins Past, Present, and Future: Trends in the Evolution of the Sphenisciformes

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Daniel T. Ksepka¹, Tatsuro Ando•Institutions (1)

North Carolina State University¹

20 Apr 2011

56 citations

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Journal Article•DOI•

Geology and paleontology of late Cenozoic marine deposits in the Sacaco area (Peru)

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Christian de Muizon¹, Thomas John DeVries²•Institutions (2)

Centre national de la recherche scientifique¹, Ohio State University²

01 Oct 1985-International Journal of Earth Sciences

TL;DR: Paleontologic, stratigraphic and geochronologic evidence demonstrate the presence of both late Miocene and Pliocene marine deposits in the Pisco Formation in the area of Sacaco, Peru as mentioned in this paper.

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Abstract: Paleontologic, stratigraphic and geochronologic (K-Ar) evidence demonstrate the presence of both late Miocene and Pliocene marine deposits in the Pisco Formation in the area of Sacaco, Peru. Tuffaceous sandstone, siltstone, and shelly sandstone comprise the greater part of the ca. 350 meters sequence. The fine grained sediments have accumulated in large coastal lagoons, while coarser sediments were deposited in semiprotected littoral and nearshore environments. A rich marine vertebrate fauna from the Sacaco basin includes fossil selachians, teleost fishes, marine birds, cetaceans, marine carnivores, and a single edentate species. A diverse invertebrate fauna consists principally of venerid and muricid molluscs. Five vertebrate levels have been correlated with five provisionally defined molluscan zones. The vertebrate fauna has some affinity with faunas of the Miocene Yorktown Formation at the Lee Creek Mine of North Carolina (USA). Distinctive Miocene and Pliocene molluscan assemblages of the Pisco Formation and Pleistocene molluscan assemblages from overlying terrace deposits become progressively more similar to Chilean assemblages of equivalent age and less similar to Tethyan faunas of the Panamic and Caribbean regions.

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223 citations

"Una nueva especie de spheniscidae d..." refers background in this paper

...Este último comportamiento le habría sido de utilidad si mar templado - cálido propuesto para el Mioceno de la costa del Pacifico sudoeste (Cione & Tonni, 1981; Muizon & DeVries, 1985) sólo alcanzaba niveles de productividad suficientes durante determinada época del año....
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Journal Article•

Taxonomic revision of Eocene Antarctic penguins based on tarsometatarsal morphology

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A Myrcha¹, Piotr Jadwiszczak¹, C.P. Tambussi, J.I. Noriega², A. Gazdzicki, Andrzej Tatur, R.A. Del Valle - Show less +3 more•Institutions (2)

University of Białystok¹, Polish Academy of Sciences²

01 Jan 2002-Polish Polar Research

TL;DR: Gradual cooling of climate, changes of environment and trophic relationships, that lasted several millions years, were most probably responsible for the intense speciation and taxonomic diversification of the Middle-Late Eocene La Meseta penguins.

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Abstract: Eocene penguin remains from Seymour Island (Antarctica) are so far the old− est−known record of extinct Sphenisciformes. Rich Argentine and Polish collections of pen− guin bones from the La Meseta Formation are taxonomically revised on tarsometatarsal morphology. Two genera and four species are erected: Mesetaornis polaris gen. et sp. n., Marambiornis exilis gen. et sp. n., Delphinornis arctowskii sp. n. and D. gracilis sp. n. Moreover, the diagnoses of already described species: Anthropornis nordenskjoeldi, A. grandis, Palaeeudyptes klekowskii, P. gunnari, Archaeospheniscus wimani and Delphi− nornis larseni are revised as well. Gradual cooling of climate, changes of environment and trophic relationships, that lasted several millions years, were most probably responsible for the intense speciation and taxonomic diversification of the Middle-Late Eocene La Meseta penguins.

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85 citations

"Una nueva especie de spheniscidae d..." refers background in this paper

...Para el Eoceno tardío de Nueva Zelanda y de la Isla Vicecomodoro Marambio (Seymour) en la Antártida (45-35 Ma) se incluyen a las especies de mayor tamaño conocidas hasta el momento y otras de tamaño medio (géneros Anthropornis, Palaeeudyptes, Archaeospheniscus, Delphinornis, Mesetaornis y Marambiornis) (Myrcha et al., 2002)....
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...…Zelanda y de la Isla Vicecomodoro Marambio (Seymour) en la Antártida (45-35 Ma) se incluyen a las especies de mayor tamaño conocidas hasta el momento y otras de tamaño medio (géneros Anthropornis, Palaeeudyptes, Archaeospheniscus, Delphinornis, Mesetaornis y Marambiornis) (Myrcha et al., 2002)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

A new Neogene marine avian assemblage from north-central Chile

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Stig A. Walsh¹, Julian P. Hume¹•Institutions (1)

University of Portsmouth¹

22 Aug 2001-Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

TL;DR: A Late Miocene to Early Pliocene marine avian assemblage is reported here from the Bahía Iglesa Formation of north-central Chile and the presence of the Chilean spheniscid penguin may prove significant in the taxonomy and radiation of the genus Spheniscus.

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Abstract: Most of South America's diverse avian fossil record is derived from terrestrial deposits. A Late Miocene to Early Pliocene marine avian assemblage is reported here from the Bahia Iglesa Formation of north-central Chile. Sulidae, Phalacrocoracidae, Pelagomithidae, Diomedeidae, and Spheniscidae reported here are the earliest occurrences in Chile. The presence of the Chilean spheniscid penguin may prove significant in the taxonomy and radiation of the genus Spheniscus.

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79 citations

Book Chapter•DOI•

An Interpretation of Skull Structure in Penguins

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Richard L. Zusi

01 Jan 1975

65 citations

"Una nueva especie de spheniscidae d..." refers background in this paper

...…se suman los exclusivos del género, tales como el gran desarrollo del músculo aductor externo, la presencia del borde tomial, la fuerte constitución del pico y la punta del pico en forma de gancho (Zusi, 1975: 79-80), que en el caso deS. megaramphus es más desarrollada que en los actuales....
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...…corresponde a MUSM 364 (**) estas medidas corresponden a MUSM 365 Índice 3: Grado de elongación del pico: Valor para A. patagonica = 2,4 Índice 4: Movilidad mandibular: Valor para A. patagonica = 0,36 (Según Zusi 1975: 67) Explicación de algunas medidas 6. se mide a 15 mm de la sutura Fronto-nasal....
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...Ambos géneros son reconocidos por sus capacidades para la captura de grandes presas como peces y calamares (Zusi, 1975: 78)....
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...Según Zusi (1975) el género Spheniscus está definido por los siguientes caracteres craneales (ver Zusi 1975: 61-63, figs....
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