Underwater acoustic communication channels: Propagation models and statistical characterization
Citations
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Cites methods from "Underwater acoustic communication c..."
...Communication frequencies were chosen by considering typical ranges of human hearing, frequency-dependent attenuation in underwater channels [56], Doppler effects, SoFi’s motor noise, the microcontroller’s sampling capabilities, parameters of the receiver’s detection algorithm, expected sources of environmental noise such as wind and waves [92, 93], and marine life....
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...We therefore used acoustic communications, which have been widely adopted for underwater applications [55, 56, 57]....
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396 citations
Cites background from "Underwater acoustic communication c..."
...Time-variability is mainly due to the surface waves where the place of the reflection point changes with the waves [35]....
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305 citations
Cites background from "Underwater acoustic communication c..."
...Some examples of the latter are underwater communication using acoustic signals [1] as well as molecular communication, which relies on chemical signals to interconnect tiny devices with sub-millimeter dimensions in environments such as inside the human body [2]–[5]....
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References
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"Underwater acoustic communication c..." refers background in this paper
...…the bandwidth and power needed to achieve a prespecified SNR over some distance can be approximated as B(l) = b ⋅ l –β , P(l) = p ⋅ l ψ , where the coefficients b, p and the exponents β ∈ (0, 1), ψ ≥ 1 depend on the target SNR, the parameters of the acoustic path loss, and the ambient noise [2]....
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739 citations
"Underwater acoustic communication c..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The absorption coefficient a(f) can be obtained using an empirical formula [ 1 ]....
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...IEEE Communications Magazine • January 2009 85 spectral density of ambient noise for several values of wind speed (wind drives the surface waves) and several levels of distant shipping activity (which is modeled on a scale from 0 to 1). The power spectral density of ambient noise decays at a rate of approximately 18 dB/decade, as shown by the straight dashed line in Fig. 2 [ 1 ]....
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548 citations
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