Undone science: Social movements, mobilized publics, and industrial transitions
About: This article is published in Journal of Public Affairs.The article was published on 2019-02-01. It has received 15 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Social movement & Publics.
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Fraunhofer Society1, University of Manchester2, ETH Zurich3, Eindhoven University of Technology4, Erasmus University Rotterdam5, Chalmers University of Technology6, Lund University7, Vanderbilt University8, Aalto University9, University of Brighton10, University of Sussex11, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne12, Stockholm Environment Institute13, Université libre de Bruxelles14, Monash University15, Linköping University16, King's College London17, Cardiff University18
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an extensive review and an updated research agenda for the field, classified into nine main themes: understanding transitions; power, agency and politics; governing transitions; civil society, culture and social movements; businesses and industries; transitions in practice and everyday life; geography of transitions; ethical aspects; and methodologies.
Abstract: Research on sustainability transitions has expanded rapidly in the last ten years, diversified in terms of topics and geographical applications, and deepened with respect to theories and methods. This article provides an extensive review and an updated research agenda for the field, classified into nine main themes: understanding transitions; power, agency and politics; governing transitions; civil society, culture and social movements; businesses and industries; transitions in practice and everyday life; geography of transitions; ethical aspects; and methodologies. The review shows that the scope of sustainability transitions research has broadened and connections to established disciplines have grown stronger. At the same time, we see that the grand challenges related to sustainability remain unsolved, calling for continued efforts and an acceleration of ongoing transitions. Transition studies can play a key role in this regard by creating new perspectives, approaches and understanding and helping to move society in the direction of sustainability.
1,099 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the United Kingdom's (UK) new policy direction has weakened support for renewables and energy efficiency schemes while strengthening promotion of nuclear power and hydraulic fracturing for natural gas (fracking) and the authors argue that a policy apparatus for incumbency is emerging which strengthens key regime-based technologies while arguably damaging emerging niche innovations.
Abstract: The notion of a ‘policy mix’ can describe interactions across a wide range of innovation policies, including ‘motors for creation’ as well as for ‘destruction’. This paper focuses on the United Kingdom’s (UK) ‘new policy direction’ that has weakened support for renewables and energy efficiency schemes while strengthening promotion of nuclear power and hydraulic fracturing for natural gas (‘fracking’). The paper argues that a ‘policy apparatus for incumbency’ is emerging which strengthens key regime-based technologies while arguably damaging emerging niche innovations. Basing the discussion around the three technology-based cases of renewable energy and efficiency, fracking, and nuclear power, this paper refers to this process as “destructive recreation”. Our study raises questions over the extent to which policymaking in the energy field is not so much driven by stated aims around sustainability transitions, as by other policy drivers. It investigates different ‘strategies of incumbency’ including ‘securitization’, ‘masking’, ‘reinvention’, and ‘capture.’ It suggests that analytical frameworks should extend beyond the particular sectors in focus, with notions of what counts as a relevant ‘policy maker’ correspondingly also expanded, in order to explore a wider range of nodes and critical junctures as entry points for understanding how relations of incumbency are forged and reproduced.
94 citations
Cites background from "Undone science: Social movements, m..."
...Such "regime resistance” (Hess 2016; Geels 2014) can prevent the successful emergence of new business models and institutional structures that would enable the more rapid deployment of renewables (Fuenfschilling & Truffer 2014; Coenen et al....
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...Such "regime resistance” (Hess 2016; Geels 2014) can prevent the successful emergence of new business models and institutional structures that would enable the more rapid deployment of renewables (Fuenfschilling & Truffer 2014; Coenen et al. 2012; Andrews-Speed 2015; Farla et al. 2012; Hall et al.…...
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Dissertation•
21 Aug 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a list of figures, figures, and abbreviations of nouns and adjectives for each of the following types of entities: nouns, verbs, adjectives, and nouns.
Abstract: .............................................................................................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................................................................ iii List of Figures .................................................................................................................................................................................. vii List of Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................................................... viii Chapter
22 citations
Cites background from "Undone science: Social movements, m..."
...…users and producers.23 The category of technology-oriented and product-oriented movements (TPMs), introduced in the work of STS scholar David J. Hess (2005; 2016), proposes an analytical concept for addressing the interactions of bottom-up and decentral user collectives such as maker cultures…...
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TL;DR: The authors illustrate the ways in which systemic injustices exclude counter-experts from telling their stories and influencing the collective imagination, and four papers and some discussant essays illustrate how counter-expert...
Abstract: Systemic injustices exclude counter-experts from telling their stories and influencing the collective imagination. Four papers and some discussant essays illustrate the ways in which counter-expert...
19 citations
Cites background from "Undone science: Social movements, m..."
...Undone science is ‘a structured absence that emerges from relations of inequality that are reflected in the priorities for what kinds of research should be funded’ (Hess, 2016, p. 33)....
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...the corporate co-optation and transformation of the appropriate energy technology movement (Hess, 2016)....
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...Second, institutions integrate counter-expertise into traditional expertise without crediting the marginalized group i.e. the corporate co-optation and transformation of the appropriate energy technology movement (Hess, 2016)....
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TL;DR: It is proposed to further the discipline’s reflexivity by changing the focus, scope, and metrics in order to assess the burden of work-related cancer in a way that is more meaningful to the most disadvantaged workers.
Abstract: Population attributable fractions (PAFs) are increasingly used for setting cancer prevention priorities. Our review aims, first, to gather published estimates of the percentage of cancer attributed to causal agents in the workplace and, second, to analyze them from the perspective of their potential effects on population health inequities. The estimates generally ranged from less than 2% to more than 8%, with an average of 4–5%. While most authors acknowledge that exposures concentrate in lower-socioeconomic status and more vulnerable workers, the literature has never considered the occupational group as a source of variation in the calculations. This knowledge gap is linked to the paucity of data describing the occupational patterning of exposures and cancer. More globally, the social gradient in cancer is often interpreted in the light of behavioral factors alone, a tendency linked by historians to the very foundations of modern epidemiology. Yet, there is accumulated evidence that work affects health and the risk of death through different pathways, which are also relevant to cancer. While the epidemiologic literature addressed conceptual and validity issues surrounding PAFs, it seldom questioned their potential impacts. There is in particular a lack of consideration of factors beyond individual behaviors and a paucity of attention to population health inequities. We hence propose to further the discipline’s reflexivity by changing the focus, scope, and metrics in order to assess the burden of work-related cancer in a way that is more meaningful to the most disadvantaged workers.
16 citations
References
More filters
Fraunhofer Society1, University of Manchester2, ETH Zurich3, Eindhoven University of Technology4, Erasmus University Rotterdam5, Chalmers University of Technology6, Lund University7, Vanderbilt University8, Aalto University9, University of Brighton10, University of Sussex11, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne12, Stockholm Environment Institute13, Université libre de Bruxelles14, Monash University15, Linköping University16, King's College London17, Cardiff University18
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an extensive review and an updated research agenda for the field, classified into nine main themes: understanding transitions; power, agency and politics; governing transitions; civil society, culture and social movements; businesses and industries; transitions in practice and everyday life; geography of transitions; ethical aspects; and methodologies.
Abstract: Research on sustainability transitions has expanded rapidly in the last ten years, diversified in terms of topics and geographical applications, and deepened with respect to theories and methods. This article provides an extensive review and an updated research agenda for the field, classified into nine main themes: understanding transitions; power, agency and politics; governing transitions; civil society, culture and social movements; businesses and industries; transitions in practice and everyday life; geography of transitions; ethical aspects; and methodologies. The review shows that the scope of sustainability transitions research has broadened and connections to established disciplines have grown stronger. At the same time, we see that the grand challenges related to sustainability remain unsolved, calling for continued efforts and an acceleration of ongoing transitions. Transition studies can play a key role in this regard by creating new perspectives, approaches and understanding and helping to move society in the direction of sustainability.
1,099 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the United Kingdom's (UK) new policy direction has weakened support for renewables and energy efficiency schemes while strengthening promotion of nuclear power and hydraulic fracturing for natural gas (fracking) and the authors argue that a policy apparatus for incumbency is emerging which strengthens key regime-based technologies while arguably damaging emerging niche innovations.
Abstract: The notion of a ‘policy mix’ can describe interactions across a wide range of innovation policies, including ‘motors for creation’ as well as for ‘destruction’. This paper focuses on the United Kingdom’s (UK) ‘new policy direction’ that has weakened support for renewables and energy efficiency schemes while strengthening promotion of nuclear power and hydraulic fracturing for natural gas (‘fracking’). The paper argues that a ‘policy apparatus for incumbency’ is emerging which strengthens key regime-based technologies while arguably damaging emerging niche innovations. Basing the discussion around the three technology-based cases of renewable energy and efficiency, fracking, and nuclear power, this paper refers to this process as “destructive recreation”. Our study raises questions over the extent to which policymaking in the energy field is not so much driven by stated aims around sustainability transitions, as by other policy drivers. It investigates different ‘strategies of incumbency’ including ‘securitization’, ‘masking’, ‘reinvention’, and ‘capture.’ It suggests that analytical frameworks should extend beyond the particular sectors in focus, with notions of what counts as a relevant ‘policy maker’ correspondingly also expanded, in order to explore a wider range of nodes and critical junctures as entry points for understanding how relations of incumbency are forged and reproduced.
94 citations
Dissertation•
21 Aug 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a list of figures, figures, and abbreviations of nouns and adjectives for each of the following types of entities: nouns, verbs, adjectives, and nouns.
Abstract: .............................................................................................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................................................................ iii List of Figures .................................................................................................................................................................................. vii List of Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................................................... viii Chapter
22 citations
TL;DR: The authors illustrate the ways in which systemic injustices exclude counter-experts from telling their stories and influencing the collective imagination, and four papers and some discussant essays illustrate how counter-expert...
Abstract: Systemic injustices exclude counter-experts from telling their stories and influencing the collective imagination. Four papers and some discussant essays illustrate the ways in which counter-expert...
19 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed to further the discipline’s reflexivity by changing the focus, scope, and metrics in order to assess the burden of work-related cancer in a way that is more meaningful to the most disadvantaged workers.
Abstract: Population attributable fractions (PAFs) are increasingly used for setting cancer prevention priorities. Our review aims, first, to gather published estimates of the percentage of cancer attributed to causal agents in the workplace and, second, to analyze them from the perspective of their potential effects on population health inequities. The estimates generally ranged from less than 2% to more than 8%, with an average of 4–5%. While most authors acknowledge that exposures concentrate in lower-socioeconomic status and more vulnerable workers, the literature has never considered the occupational group as a source of variation in the calculations. This knowledge gap is linked to the paucity of data describing the occupational patterning of exposures and cancer. More globally, the social gradient in cancer is often interpreted in the light of behavioral factors alone, a tendency linked by historians to the very foundations of modern epidemiology. Yet, there is accumulated evidence that work affects health and the risk of death through different pathways, which are also relevant to cancer. While the epidemiologic literature addressed conceptual and validity issues surrounding PAFs, it seldom questioned their potential impacts. There is in particular a lack of consideration of factors beyond individual behaviors and a paucity of attention to population health inequities. We hence propose to further the discipline’s reflexivity by changing the focus, scope, and metrics in order to assess the burden of work-related cancer in a way that is more meaningful to the most disadvantaged workers.
16 citations