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Journal ArticleDOI

Untimely Myocardial Infarction or COVID-19 Vaccine Side Effect

02 Mar 2021-Cureus (Cureus, Inc.)-Vol. 13, Iss: 3, pp 3
TL;DR: The case of a 96-year-old female, with no known cardiac history, who suffered a myocardial infarction (MI) one hour after her first Moderna coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination was presented in this paper.
Abstract: We present the case of a 96-year-old female, with no known cardiac history, who suffered a myocardial infarction (MI) one hour after her first Moderna coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. The patient was medically managed and discharged three days later. We are unable to attribute the cause of the patient's MI to the Moderna vaccine unless further data are published. As healthcare providers, we need to be aware of attempts to correlate bad outcomes with the vaccine without substantiated data, and anticipate patient questions that may arise from these reports. Any research on the topic should be written carefully and avoid overstating the findings. If more reports of serious side effects in older adults are published, providers should consider additional screenings prior to COVID-19 vaccination.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on cardiovascular adverse events post-COVID-19 vaccination and aims to determine adverse events with the administered vaccine, and extracted the cardiovascular (CVS) adverse events were extracted for three broad headings (SOCs) - cardiac disorders, vascular disorders, and investigations.
Abstract: Background Thirteen COVID-19 vaccines are granted emergency approval. It is crucial to monitor their adverse events post vaccination. The present study focuses on cardiovascular adverse events post-COVID-19 vaccination and aims to determine adverse events with the administered vaccine. Methodology The cardiovascular (CVS) adverse events were extracted for three broad headings (SOCs) - cardiac disorders, vascular disorders, and investigations. Descriptive statistics were reported in the form of percentage and frequency, and the disproportionality analysis was conducted. Results For the cardiovascular system, 4863 adverse events (AEs) were reported from BNT162b2 Pfizer, 1222 AstraZeneca, Moderna, and other COVID-19 vaccines. Common adverse events observed with vaccines under study were tachycardia (16.41%), flushing (12.17%), hypertension (5.82%), hypotension (3.60%) and peripheral coldness (2.41%). Based on disproportionality analysis (IC025 values), acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and circulatory collapse were linked to the vaccines in the age group >75 years. Hypertension, severe hypertension, supraventricular tachycardia, sinus tachycardia, and palpitations were associated across all age groups and either gender. Amongst the investigations, abnormal ECG findings raised C-reactive protein, elevated D dimer, and troponin were reported in specific age groups or gender or all subjects. Conclusion Although cardiovascular events have been reported with the COVID-19 vaccines, the causality is yet to be established because such CVS AEs are also usually associated with the general public even without intervention. Hence, people should be administered these vaccines, and sustained monitoring of these AEs should be done.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report two cases of acute myocardial infarction with onset <24 hours after the first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine in patients presenting with shoulder pain.
Abstract: COVID-19 vaccination was launched in the United States in mid-December 2020. There are limited data on the risk of thrombotic events related to COVID-19 vaccines. In conclusion, we report 2 cases of acute myocardial infarction with onset <24 hours after the first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine in patients presenting with shoulder pain.

31 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A pooled analysis of patients presenting with cardiac manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination highlights the differences between myocarditis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) presentations in temporal association with the vaccination as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Background Emerging reports raise concerns on the potential association between the COVID-19 vaccines and cardiac manifestations. We sought to evaluate cardiac complications associated with COVID-19 vaccination in a pooled analysis from our institution's cohort study and systematic review. Methods Consecutive patients admitted in a tertiary hospital in Singapore between 1 January 2021 and 31 March 2021, with onset of cardiac manifestations within 14 days following COVID-19 vaccination were studied. Furthermore, a systematic review was performed, with PubMed, Embase, Research Square, MedRxiv, and LitCovid databases accessed from inception up to 29 June 2021. Relevant manuscripts reporting individual patient data on cardiac complications following COVID-19 vaccination were included. Results Thirty patients were included in the study cohort, with 29 diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 1 with myocarditis. Five patients developed heart failure, two had cardiogenic shock, three intubated, and one had cardiovascular-related mortality. In the systematic review, 16 studies were included with 41 myocarditis and six AMI cases. In the pooled analysis of the study cohort and the systematic review, 35 patients had AMI and 42 had myocarditis. Majority were men, and myocarditis patients were younger than AMI patients. Myocarditis patients tended to present 72 hours post-vaccination, while AMI patients were older and typically presented 24 hours post-vaccination. Majority with AMI or myocarditis developed symptoms after the first and second vaccination dose respectively. Conclusions This pooled analysis of patients presenting with cardiac manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination highlights the differences between myocarditis and AMI presentations in temporal association with the vaccination.

31 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
11 Aug 2021
TL;DR: A case of ST elevation myocardial infarction reported post Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine was reported in this paper, however, it is premature to draw a link between COVID-2019 vaccine and myocardia.
Abstract: A case of ST elevation myocardial infarction reported post Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Probably premature to draw a link between COVID-19 vaccine and myocardial infarction.

24 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the epidemiology of CVD in older adults is provided, including an assessment of the impact of CVC on mortality, morbidity, and health care costs.

449 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of case reports of allergic reactions after receiving the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine during December 14-23, 2020, in the United States.
Abstract: As of January 3, 2021, a total of 20,346,372 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 349,246 associated deaths have been reported in the United States. Long-term sequalae of COVID-19 over the course of a lifetime currently are unknown; however, persistent symptoms and serious complications are being reported among COVID-19 survivors, including persons who initially experience a mild acute illness.* On December 11, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to prevent COVID-19, administered as 2 doses separated by 21 days. On December 12, 2020, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued an interim recommendation for use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (1); initial doses were recommended for health care personnel and long-term care facility residents (2). As of December 23, 2020, a reported 1,893,360 first doses of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine had been administered in the United States, and reports of 4,393 (0.2%) adverse events after receipt of Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine had been submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Among these, 175 case reports were identified for further review as possible cases of severe allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction that does occur rarely after vaccination, with onset typically within minutes to hours (3). Twenty-one cases were determined to be anaphylaxis (a rate of 11.1 per million doses administered), including 17 in persons with a documented history of allergies or allergic reactions, seven of whom had a history of anaphylaxis. The median interval from vaccine receipt to symptom onset was 13 minutes (range = 2-150 minutes). Among 20 persons with follow-up information available, all had recovered or been discharged home. Of the remaining case reports that were determined not to be anaphylaxis, 86 were judged to be nonanaphylaxis allergic reactions, and 61 were considered nonallergic adverse events. Seven case reports were still under investigation. This report summarizes the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of case reports of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis and nonanaphylaxis allergic reactions, after receipt of the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine during December 14-23, 2020, in the United States. CDC has issued updated interim clinical considerations for use of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines currently authorized in the United States (4) and interim considerations for preparing for the potential management of anaphylaxis (5). In addition to screening for contraindications and precautions before administering COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine locations should have the necessary supplies available to manage anaphylaxis, should implement postvaccination observation periods, and should immediately treat persons experiencing anaphylaxis signs and symptoms with intramuscular injection of epinephrine (4,5).

326 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The most recent prevalence estimates and trends of uncontrolled high blood pressure, uncontrolled high levels of low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), and current cigarette smoking among adults aged 20 and over are presented.
Abstract: Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States (1). High blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking are all risk factors that could lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke. The recently announced Million Hearts Initiative is aimed at preventing 1 million heart attacks and strokes over the next 5 years (2–4). This report expands on results previously published (2) by presenting the most recent prevalence estimates and trends of uncontrolled high blood pressure, uncontrolled high levels of low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), and current cigarette smoking among adults aged 20 and over.

218 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
18 Feb 2021-Cureus
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors reported a case of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) after receiving the first dose of Pfizer - COVID-19 vaccine.
Abstract: Since the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, Coronavirus - 19 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic with multiple neurological complications. In December 2020, two vaccines have been approved in the United States for the prevention of COVID-19. We report a case of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) after receiving the first dose of Pfizer - COVID-19 vaccine.

137 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Jan 2021-BMJ
TL;DR: For example, the Norwegian Medicines Agency (NOMA) investigated 13 of the deaths so far and concluded that common adverse reactions of mRNA vaccines, such as cancer, were not linked to the vaccine as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Doctors in Norway have been told to conduct more thorough evaluations of very frail elderly patients in line to receive the Pfizer BioNTec vaccine against covid-19, following the deaths of 23 patients shortly after receiving the vaccine. “It may be a coincidence, but we aren’t sure,” Steinar Madsen, medical director of the Norwegian Medicines Agency (NOMA), told The BMJ . “There is no certain connection between these deaths and the vaccine.” The agency has investigated 13 of the deaths so far and concluded that common adverse reactions of mRNA vaccines, such …

64 citations