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Upper-Body Obesity, Glucose Intolerance, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Hypertension

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TLDR
Evidence is examined that upper-body obesity, as usually induced by caloric excess in the presence of androgens, mediates problems with hypertension, diabetes, and hypertriglyceridemia by way of hyperinsulinemia.
Abstract
The contribution of obesity to cardiovascular risk has not been adequately appreciated because of a failure to recognize the involvement of upper-body predominance of body weight with hypertension, diabetes, and hypertriglyceridemia even in the absence of significant overall obesity. This article examines the evidence that upper-body obesity, as usually induced by caloric excess in the presence of androgens, mediates these problems by way of hyperinsulinemia. Because of these interrelationships, there is a need to identify and prevent upper-body obesity or, failing that, to provide therapies that will control the associated problems without aggravating hyperinsulinemia.

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References
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Hyperinsulinemia. A link between hypertension obesity and glucose intolerance.

TL;DR: It is concluded that insulin resistance and/or hyperinsulinemia are present in the majority of hypertensives, constitute a common pathophysiologic feature of obesity, glucose intolerance, and hypertension, possibly explaining their ubiquitous association, and may be linked to the increased peripheral vascular resistance of hypertension, which is putatively related to elevated intracellular sodium concentration.
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