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Urban Fortunes: The Political Economy of Place
01 Feb 1987-
TL;DR: A sociological classic is updated with a new preface by the authors looking at developments in the study of urban planning during the twenty-year life of this influential work as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: This sociological classic is updated with a new preface by the authors looking at developments in the study of urban planning during the twenty-year life of this influential work.
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TL;DR: In recent years, urban governance has become increasingly preoccupied with the exploration of new ways in which to foster and encourage local development and employment growth as mentioned in this paper, and urban entrepreneurship has become a hot topic.
Abstract: In recent years, urban governance has become increasingly preoccupied with the exploration of new ways in which to foster and encourage local development and employment growth. Such an entrepreneur...
4,183 citations
Cites methods from "Urban Fortunes: The Political Econo..."
...…B (1989) - 1 This content downloaded from 193.55.96.119 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 22:29:23 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions FROM MANAGERIALISM TO ENTREPRENEURIALISM: THE TRANSFORMATION IN URBAN GOVERNANCE Mollenkopf (1983), Logan and Molotch (1987), Gurr and King (1987) and Smith (1988)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a preliminary critical polemic against some of the more rhetorical aspects of smart cities, with a view to problematizing a range of elements that supposedly characterize this new urban form, as well as question some underlying assumptions/contradictions hidden within the concept.
Abstract: Debates about the future of urban development in many Western countries have been increasingly influenced by discussions of smart cities. Yet despite numerous examples of this ‘urban labelling’ phenomenon, we know surprisingly little about so‐called smart cities, particularly in terms of what the label ideologically reveals as well as hides. Due to its lack of definitional precision, not to mention an underlying self‐congratulatory tendency, the main thrust of this article is to provide a preliminary critical polemic against some of the more rhetorical aspects of smart cities. The primary focus is on the labelling process adopted by some designated smart cities, with a view to problematizing a range of elements that supposedly characterize this new urban form, as well as question some of the underlying assumptions/contradictions hidden within the concept. To aid this critique, the article explores to what extent labelled smart cities can be understood as a high‐tech variation of the ‘entrepreneurial city’...
2,331 citations
Cites background from "Urban Fortunes: The Political Econo..."
...also ties in with the more peripheral literature on growth coalitions (Logan and Molotch, 1987); urban regimes (Stone, 1993; Elkin, 1987) and urban place marketing (Short et al....
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...It also ties in with the more peripheral literature on growth coalitions (Logan and Molotch, 1987); urban regimes (Stone, 1993; Elkin, 1987) and urban place marketing (Short et al., 2000)....
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TL;DR: The authors examined variations in intergenerational closure, reciprocal local exchange, and shared expectations for informal social control across 342 neighborhoods in Chicago and found that residential stability and concentrated affluence, more so than poverty and racial/ethnic composition, predict intergeneration closure and reciprocal exchange, while concentrated disadvantage is associated with sharply lower expectations for shared child control.
Abstract: We propose a theoretical framework on the structural sources and spatially embedded nature of three mechanisms that produce collective efficacy for children. Using survey data collected in 1995 from 8,782 Chicago residents, we examine variations in intergenerational closure, reciprocal local exchange, and shared expectations for informal social control across 342 neighborhoods. Adjusting for respondents' attributes, we assess the effects of neighborhood characteristics measured in the 1990 census and the role of spatial interdependence. The results show that residential stability and concentrated affluence, more so than poverty and racial/ethnic composition, predict intergenerational closure and reciprocal exchange. Concentrated disadvantage, by contrast, is associated with sharply lower expectations for shared child control. The importance of spatial dynamics in generating collective efficacy for children is highlighted-proximity to areas high in closure, exchange, and control bestows an advantage above and beyond the structural characteristics of a given neighborhood. Moreover, spatial advantages are much more likely to accrue to white neighborhoods than to black neighborhoods
1,989 citations
TL;DR: Sociological studies sensitive to the issue of place are rarely labeled thus, and at the same time there are far too many of them to fit in this review as discussed by the authors, and it may be a good thing that this research is seldom gathered up as a socology of place, for that could ghettoize the subject as something of interest only to geographers, architects, or environmental historians.
Abstract: Sociological studies sensitive to the issue of place are rarely labeled thus, and at the same time there are far too many of them to fit in this review. It may be a good thing that this research is seldom gathered up as a “sociology of place,” for that could ghettoize the subject as something of interest only to geographers, architects, or environmental historians. The point of this review is to indicate that sociologists have a stake in place no matter what they analyze, or how: The works cited below emplace inequality, difference, power, politics, interaction, community, social movements, deviance, crime, life course, science, identity, memory, history. After a prologue of definitions and methodological ruminations, I ask: How do places come to be the way they are, and how do places matter for social practices and historical change?
1,974 citations
Cites background from "Urban Fortunes: The Political Econo..."
...Metropolitan areas are not shaped by faceless forces of natural succession-and-competition or capitalist logics of accumulation: people and groups organized into coalitions actively accomplish places, and the process is never the same from here to there (Logan & Molotch 1987)....
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...Place attachment facilitates a sense of security and well-being, defines group boundaries, and stabilizes memories (Halbwachs 1980) against the passage of time (generally: Logan & Molotch 1987; among children: Chawla 1992, Marcus 1992; among the elderly: Reed et al 1997, Rubinstein & Parmelee 1992)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors combine structural characteristics from the 1990 census with a survey of 8,872 Chicago residents in 1995 to predict homicide variations in 1996-1998 across 343 neighborhoods.
Abstract: Highlighting resource inequality, social processes, and spatial interdependence, this study combines structural characteristics from the 1990 census with a survey of 8,872 Chicago residents in 1995 to predict homicide variations in 1996–1998 across 343 neighborhoods. Spatial proximity to homicide is strongly related to increased homicide rates, adjusting for internal neighborhood characteristics and prior homicide. Concentrated disadvantage and low collective efficacy—defined as the linkage of social control and cohesion—also independently predict increased homicide. Local organizations, voluntary associations, and friend/kinship networks appear to be important only insofar as they promote the collective efficacy of residents in achieving social control and cohesion. Spatial dynamics coupled with neighborhood inequalities in social and economic capacity are therefore consequential for explaining urban violence.
1,790 citations