Use of Soft Tissue Properties for Ergonomic Product Design
17 Jul 2017-pp 165-171
TL;DR: The role of soft tissue properties in the field of ergonomic product design is discussed, which can help the designers in material selection which can improve the comfort and fit and help in serving the purpose of the designed product.
Abstract: In order to achieve better comfort and fit for designed products it is important to understand the product and user interface and to analyze the interaction at the region of contact. Study of biomechanical properties of soft tissue can provide a good insight of this interface between user and the product. Biomechanical properties can help the designers in material selection which can improve the comfort and fit and help in serving the purpose of the designed product. A sample study of soft tissue thickness of human head and face was conducted using an ultrasound indentation device at selected locations. Results showed the variation in soft tissue thickness levels, which was further used to discuss the role of soft tissue properties in the field of ergonomic product design.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper measured the pressure threshold in the head region for two hundred eighteen healthy Chinese adults at seventy-six anatomical locations, and further statistical analyses were performed on the acquired data to understand the relationship between different demographic parameters.
10 citations
TL;DR: Tissue deformation was higher in the facial region than the scalp and forehead, with maximum deformation in the cheek area and minimum in the forehead region for both thresholds.
Abstract: Abstract Understanding of product-soft tissue interface and related discomfort is essential while designing wearable devices. Although pressure thresholds at the perception of discomfort and pain have been measured in the past, associated tissue deformation is yet to be studied. This data can provide a holistic understanding of user discomfort and be a valuable reference for ergonomic product design. Hence, in the current study, tissue deformation at discomfort and pain threshold was measured using an ultrasound indentation device at 18 landmarks for 83 Chinese adults on the head and face. Results show that deformation was higher in the facial region than the scalp and forehead, with maximum deformation in the cheek area and minimum in the forehead region for both thresholds. Also, for most landmarks, the tissue deformation data showed no significant relationship with age and Body Mass Index (BMI). Nearly half of the landmarks exhibited significant gender-based differences. Overall, the measured data showed acceptable within-session and between-session reliability. Practitioner Summary: In this study, tissue deformation was measured in different head regions for discomfort and pain thresholds, and corresponding deformation maps were developed. Measured tissue deformation data showed no significant relationship with BMI and age. This data can be a useful reference in the design, testing, and evaluation of headgears.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a 3D pressure discomfort threshold map was created by interpolating all collected pressure discomfort thresholds based on their corresponding 3D coordinates, by making use of EEG 10-20 system-based landmark-grid on the head and a self-developed grid on the face and neck.
1 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors collected pressure discomfort threshold (PDT) and pressure pain threshold (PPT) from 119 landmarks (unilateral) for 36 Chinese subjects and obtained soft tissue thickness data on the head, face and neck regions of 50 Chinese people through CT scanning.
25 Oct 2018
TL;DR: An anatomical 3D head models were created from Computed Tomography images of the participants to measure soft tissue thickness values at selected landmarks to give an insight about facial soft tissue profile of Indian children.
Abstract: Facial soft tissue thickness measurement has found its applications not only in fields of clinical and medical studies but also in areas of ergonomics and product design. Various studies have been conducted to generate facial soft tissue profiles for adult population belonging to particular age, gender, ethnic group or location. Still there are hardly many studies focusing on measurement of facial soft tissue thickness for children. In this study, authors have tried to perform a preliminary investigation of facial soft tissue thickness at eighteen landmarks for Indian children from Mumbai. For this study, anatomical 3D head models were created from Computed Tomography (CT) images of the participants to measure soft tissue thickness values at selected landmarks. The results give an insight about facial soft tissue profile of Indian children. It gives an understanding about variance based on gender, location of landmark and tissue symmetry.
References
More filters
TL;DR: A computer-assisted three-dimensional virtual osteotomy system for orthognathic surgery (CAVOS) is presented and the virtual reality workbench is used for surgical planning.
238 citations
TL;DR: An ultrasound indentation system for biomechanical assessment of soft tissues in vivo was developed and the specific application is for stump tissue assessment in the design of prosthetics.
Abstract: An ultrasound indentation system for biomechanical assessment of soft tissues in vivo was developed. The pen-size, hand-held probe was composed of an ultrasound transducer and a load cell. The ultrasound transducer was at the tip of the probe serving also as the indentor. The thickness and deformation of the soft tissue layer were determined from the ultrasound echo. A compressive load cell was connected in series with the ultrasound transducer to record the force response. A validation experiment was performed on porcine tissues. Force and deformation acquired with the present system was in good comparison with those obtained from a Housfield material testing machine. Material constants were obtained via a curve-fitting procedure by predicting the force transient response from the deformation-time data using a quasilinear viscoelastic model. In addition, deformation in the fat and in the muscle could be differentiated. The potential applications of this type of indentation probes are many. The specific application of this current development is for stump tissue assessment in the design of prosthetics.
213 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that male and female necks are not geometrically similar and indicate that a female-specific model will be necessary to study gender differences in neck-related disorders.
184 citations
TL;DR: The biomechanical properties of plantar tissues were investigated for four older neuropathic diabetic patients and four healthy younger subjects and showed that the plantar soft tissues of the elderly diabetic patients were significantly stiffer and thinner when compared with the healthy young subjects.
Abstract: The biomechanical properties of plantar tissues were investigated for four older neuropathic diabetic patients and four healthy younger subjects. Indentation tests were performed at four high-pressure areas with three postures in each subject. The tissue thickness and effective Young's modulus were measured by an ultrasound (US) indentation system. The system comprised a pen-size probe having a US transducer at the tip and a load cell connected in series with it. Results showed that the plantar soft tissues of the elderly diabetic patients were significantly stiffer and thinner when compared with the healthy young subjects. For the diabetic subjects tested, the Young's modulus at the 1st metatarsal head was significantly larger than those at the other three sites. This site-dependence was not observed in the healthy young subjects. The plantar tissue became significantly stiffer in the healthy young subjects as a result of posture changes. This posture-dependence of the Young's modulus was not established for the elderly diabetic group.
166 citations
TL;DR: An anthropometric database detailing the face size distributions of respirator users is developed using both traditional measurement methods and three-dimensional scanning systems to establish fit test panels to be incorporated into the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's respirator certification and international standards.
Abstract: Sizing data generated by the military for use in fitting respirators have been the normative basis for commercial respirator sizing. Anthropometric data developed for males and females of military age in the 1950s and 1960s are still in use today and form the only comprehensive body of information available on this subject. The twofold objective of this study was to: (1) develop an anthropometric database detailing the face size distributions of respirator users using both traditional measurement methods and three-dimensional scanning systems; and (2) use the database to establish fit test panels to be incorporated into the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's respirator certification and international standards. A stratified sampling plan was used with three age strata, two gender strata, and four race/ethnic group strata. The plan called for an equal sample size of 166 in each cell. Subjects were obtained at 41 sites from 8 states. In addition to height and weight, 18 facial dimensions and neck circumferences were measured using traditional methods. A total of 3997 subjects were measured using traditional methods, and 1013 of them were also scanned using a 3-D head scanner. As this was a volunteer sample, subjects did not appear in the specific proportions needed for the sampling plan. The resulting data were weighted to correspond to the U.S. population. This article presents the summary statistics for the traditional measurement data only. Multivariate analyses of the data from this study and military data revealed that using historical, military data would be inadequate for describing the anthropometric variability of the current U.S. work force.
160 citations