Using stable isotopes to estimate trophic position: models, methods, and assumptions
Citations
5,548 citations
2,477 citations
Cites background from "Using stable isotopes to estimate t..."
...For C, the mean trophic shift was slightly higher for consumers that were switched from enriched diets to more depleted diets than for consumers raised on constant diets (Fig....
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...Although differences in 15N between high-protein and low-protein diets have been reported in previous reviews (McCutchan 1999, Vander Zanden and Rasmussen 2001, Post 2002), a significant difference was not found here....
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...These differences, however, were not significant (Tukey-Kramer HSD; q*=2.38, p 0.05)....
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...Even if estimates of trophic position are normalized to primary consumers (Vander Zanden and Rasmussen 1999, Post 2002), uncertainty in estimates of trophic position for top predators may be high unless the number of invertebrate versus vertebrate transfers is known....
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2,103 citations
Cites background or methods from "Using stable isotopes to estimate t..."
...While trophic fractionation has received considerable recent attention (DeNiro and Epstein 1978; Peterson and Fry 1987; Post 2002; McCutchan et al. 2003), the synthesis and accumulation of lipids, which are depleted in 13C and typically have d13C values that are more negative than those for…...
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...Pelagic sources (open water) are typically more negative than littoral sources (near shore), and the difference in d13C between littoral and pelagic is around 7–8& (France 1995; Post 2002)....
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...For examples, in lakes, d(13)C is used to address questions about littoral–pelagic coupling and to produce the d(15)N baseline required to estimate trophic position (Post et al. 2000; Post 2002; Vander Zanden and Vadeboncoeur 2002)....
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...…aquatic and terrestrial animals, to estimate the d15N baselines required to estimate trophic position, and to evaluate habitat coupling and material flow (Vandermerwe and Vogel 1978; Peterson et al. 1985; Hobson 1999; Post et al. 2000; Phillips 2001; Post 2002; Vander Zanden and Vadeboncoeur 2002)....
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...For examples, in lakes, d13C is used to address questions about littoral–pelagic coupling and to produce the d15N baseline required to estimate trophic position (Post et al. 2000; Post 2002; Vander Zanden and Vadeboncoeur 2002)....
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1,856 citations
1,465 citations
Cites background or result from "Using stable isotopes to estimate t..."
...In one application, estimates of 4 are used to calculate the trophic positions of organisms (e.g. Hobson and Welch 1992; Hobson 1993; Post et al. 2000; Vander Zanden et al. 2000; Post 2002)....
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...Recently there have been several partial compilations, but only for aquatic species (Vander Zanden and Rasmussen 2001, based on 35 estimates, of which 24 were from laboratory studies; Post 2002, based on 56 estimates, of which the number of laboratory studies was not stated)....
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...2000), or on the unweighted mean and variance of D values measured for a group of unrelated organisms, usually from Minagawa and Wada’s (1984) review (e.g. Ponsard and Arditi 2000; Post et al. 2000; Vander Zanden and Rasmussen 2001; Post 2002)....
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...Our average D estimate was significantly lower than the estimates of Minagawa and Wada (1984) and Post (2002) (Welch’s t-test, both P<0.01), but not the estimate of Vander Zanden and Rasmussen (2001; P>0.15)....
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...…reduced the variability around the estimate: however, variance ratio tests using unweighted data indicated that the variability in our dataset was significantly higher than those of Minagawa and Wada (1984) and Post (2002) (F-test, P<0.05), but not Vander Zanden and Rasmussen (2001; P>0.25)....
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References
5,562 citations
5,548 citations
"Using stable isotopes to estimate t..." refers background or methods in this paper
...I used data from both individual laboratory trials (e.g., DeNiro and Epstein 1978, Adams and Sterner 2000) and whole ecosystem studies (e.g., Hansson et al. 1997)....
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...Fractionation estimates for carbon were drawn from DeNiro and Epstein (1978), Fry et al. (1978), Haines and Montague (1979), Petelle et al. (1979), Teeri and Schoeller (1979), Rau and Anderson (1981), Fry and Arnold (1982), Macko et al. (1982), Gu et al. (1996), Focken and Becker (1998)....
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5,234 citations
"Using stable isotopes to estimate t..." refers background in this paper
...It is generally agreed that the trophic fractionation of d13C is ;0‰ per trophic level (Rounick and Winterbourn 1996, Peterson and Fry 1987)....
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...There is considerable interest in using stable isotopes, particularly those of nitrogen and carbon, to evaluate the structure and dynamics of ecological communities (e.g., Peterson and Fry 1987, Kling et al. 1992, France 1995, Vander Zanden et al. 1999, Post et al. 2000)....
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...Tracing multiple sources of nitrogen and carbon is a general problem in the application of stable isotopes to questions of energy flow and trophic position in complex ecosystems (Fry and Sherr 1984, Peterson et al. 1986, Peterson and Fry 1987)....
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...Where the number of important resources (n) is .2, a minimum of n 2 1 isotope ratios (or other sources of information) are required to resolve the system (Fry and Sherr 1984, Peterson et al. 1985, 1986, Peterson and Fry 1987)....
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...…fractionations of nitrogen and carbon have been reviewed previously and are discussed widely (e.g., Fry and Sherr 1984, Minagawa and Wada 1984, Peterson and Fry 1987), a large amount of new data has been collected since those surveys were published, particularly for nitrogen, allowing a more…...
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4,725 citations
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