Utilising IPCC assessments to support the ecosystem approach to fisheries management within a warming Southern Ocean
TL;DR: The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is aware of the urgent need to develop climate-responsive options within its ecosystem approach to management.
About: This article is published in Marine Policy.The article was published on 2021-09-01 and is currently open access. It has received 14 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Climate change.
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British Antarctic Survey1, Australian Antarctic Division2, Université catholique de Louvain3, University of Insubria4, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research5, Columbia University6, Texas A&M University7, University of Maine8, Technical University of Madrid9, University of Wollongong10, University of Cambridge11, Florida State University12, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute13
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an update of the "key points" from the Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment (ACCE) report that was published by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) in 2009.
Abstract: We present an update of the ‘key points’ from the Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment (ACCE) report that was published by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) in 2009. We summarise subsequent advances in knowledge concerning how the climates of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean have changed in the past, how they might change in the future, and examine the associated impacts on the marine and terrestrial biota. We also incorporate relevant material presented by SCAR to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings, and make use of emerging results that will form part of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report
324 citations
TL;DR: A water-soluble glucomannogalactan was isolated from P. geesteranus fruit bodies by hot water extraction and column chromatography method, and the structure, chain conformation and immune effect of PGP-1c (20.9 kDa) were investigated comprehensively based on high purity and neutral sugar content (94.7 ± 0.5%).
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the applicability of the eight global climate models (GCMs) and used the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and clustering algorithms to analyze the spatial distribution status of precipitation in the HRB.
Abstract: The Hanjiang River is the source of water for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. So a reasonable evaluation on water resources future changes in the Hanjiang River Basin (HRB) is essential to ensure its water safety. In this study, we firstly evaluated the China meteorological forcing dataset (CMFD), and then used it to measure the applicability of the eight global climate models (GCMs). Finally, the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and clustering algorithms were used to analyze the spatial distribution status of precipitation in the HRB. The results showed that the BCC-CSM2-MR model has the best effect, followed by the IPSL-CM6A-LR model. In the SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585 scenarios, total precipitation in the HRB all shows an increasing trend. However, the difference in the spatial distribution of precipitation intensified, for the upstream and downstream tended to be wetter, while the middle reaches had less precipitation. In the future climate scenarios, the areas with more precipitation (Class 1) increased significantly, while the areas with medium precipitation (Class 3) decreased significantly, which will enlarge the precipitation difference between regions in the HRB. The increase in the total amount of precipitation, coupled with the increase in the spatial heterogeneity of precipitation, will make the HRB more vulnerable to flooding disasters. Therefore, the water resources management measures in the HRB should be strengthened in the future.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors compared the differences between two production models in each process, and thus explore which one is more sustainable and environmentally friendly, and demonstrated that the transformation of a beef cattle breeding model has a significant direct impact on cutting agricultural GHG emissions, and persuades other countries in the similar situation to vigorously advocate ecological cycling breeding model instead of the traditional ones so that promotes coordinated development between planting industry and cattle breeding industry.
Abstract: Over the past few decades, the supply of beef has increasingly become available with the great improvement of the quality of life, especially in developing countries. However, along with the demand for meat products of high quality and the transformation of dietary structure, the impact of massive agricultural greenhouse gas emissions on the environmental load cannot be ignored. Therefore, the objective of this study is to predict the annual greenhouse gas emissions of 10 million heads of beef cattle under both the ecological cycle model (EC model) and the non-ecological cycle model (non-EC model), respectively, in order to compare the differences between these two production models in each process, and thus explore which one is more sustainable and environmentally friendly. To this end, through the life cycle assessment (LCA), this paper performs relevant calculations according to the methodology of 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (2019 IPCC Inventories). The results have shown that the total GHG emissions of the non-EC model were almost 4 times higher than those of the EC model, and feed-grain cultivation and manure management were main emission sources in both models. The non-EC model produced significantly more emissions than the EC model in each kind of GHG, especially the largest gap between these two was in CO2 emissions that accounted for 68.01% and 56.17% of the respective planting and breeding systems. This study demonstrates that the transformation of a beef cattle breeding model has a significant direct impact on cutting agricultural GHG emissions, and persuades other countries in the similar situation to vigorously advocate ecological cycling breeding model instead of the traditional ones so that promotes coordinated development between planting industry and beef cattle breeding industry.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigate the local and regional dynamics and variability of the ocean and sea ice to inform management of the South Sandwich Islands, which form the eastern boundary to the highly biologically productive Scotia Sea in the southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean.
Abstract: The South Sandwich Islands form the eastern boundary to the highly biologically productive Scotia Sea in the southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and are part of a large Marine Protected Area. The South Sandwich Islands have a complex marine environment that is influenced by both the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the Weddell Gyre, and seasonal sea ice. Here we investigate the local and regional dynamics and variability of the ocean and sea ice to inform management of the region. Remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST), sea ice concentration and chlorophyll a data from 2009 to 2021 are used to define the mean seasonal cycle in the environment and the associated temporal and spatial variability. While sea surface temperature and sea ice have a clearly defined seasonality, local chlorophyll blooms are irregular in timing, location and magnitude. Interannual variability in summer SST is strongly positively correlated along the island arc. The islands experience very different winter sea ice conditions from year to year, with marked variability in sea ice distribution and duration. Surface chlorophyll blooms develop in most years close to the island arc, but there is little spatial consistency and there are years where blooms are not observed. The timing and pattern of sea ice retreat appears to be a key driver in the formation of chlorophyll blooms, with their propagation affected by local circulation, but additional local processes are also important. Trajectories of near-surface satellite tracked surface buoys and Argo floats, together with an analysis of sea surface height output from a global reanalysis product, demonstrate the connectivity of the South Sandwich Islands to the wider regional marine system. Enhanced current flows around and between the South Sandwich Islands are likely to affect the transport and exchange of material along the island arc. The South Sandwich Islands are connected with the Scotia and Weddell seas, with contribution from the different regions varying according to latitude along the island arc. There are also connections with islands downstream including Bouvet, Crozet and Kerguelen Islands and seamounts, with possible return flow via the Weddell Gyre. Our analyses indicate that accounting for the complexity and variability in the South Sandwich Islands marine environment will be crucial in the development of conservation and fisheries management procedures.
4 citations
References
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24 May 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present a comprehensive assessment of our understanding of global warming of 1.5°C, future climate change, potential impacts and associated risks, emission pathways, and system transitions consistent with 1.0°C global warming, and strengthening the global response to climate change in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty.
Abstract: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report is a comprehensive assessment of our understanding of global warming of 1.5°C, future climate change, potential impacts and associated risks, emission pathways, and system transitions consistent with 1.5°C global warming, and strengthening the global response to climate change in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
2,820 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the distributions of both exploited and nonexploited North Sea fishes have responded markedly to recent increases in sea temperature, with nearly two-thirds of species shifting in mean latitude or depth or both over 25 years.
Abstract: We show that the distributions of both exploited and nonexploited North Sea fishes have responded markedly to recent increases in sea temperature, with nearly two-thirds of species shifting in mean latitude or depth or both over 25 years. For species with northerly or southerly range margins in the North Sea, half have shown boundary shifts with warming, and all but one shifted northward. Species with shifting distributions have faster life cycles and smaller body sizes than nonshifting species. Further temperature rises are likely to have profound impacts on commercial fisheries through continued shifts in distribution and alterations in community interactions.
2,781 citations
01 Jan 2019
2,040 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that climate change may lead to large-scale redistribution of global catch potential, with an average of 30-70% increase in high-latitude regions and a drop of up to 40% in the tropics.
Abstract: Previous projection of climate change impacts on global food supply focuses solely on production from terrestrial biomes, ignoring the large contribution of animal protein from marine capture fisheries. Here, we project changes in global catch potential for 1066 species of exploited marine fish and invertebrates from 2005 to 2055 under climate change scenarios. We show that climate change may lead to large-scale redistribution of global catch potential, with an average of 30-70% increase in high-latitude regions and a drop of up to 40% in the tropics. Moreover, maximum catch potential declines considerably in the southward margins of semienclosed seas while it increases in poleward tips of continental shelf margins. Such changes are most apparent in the Pacific Ocean. Among the 20 most important fishing Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) regions in terms of their total landings, EEZ regions with the highest increase in catch potential by 2055 include Norway, Greenland, the United States (Alaska) and Russia (Asia). On the contrary, EEZ regions with the biggest loss in maximum catch potential include Indonesia, the United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii), Chile and China. Many highly impacted regions, particularly those in the tropics, are socioeconomically vulnerable to these changes. Thus, our results indicate the need to develop adaptation policy that could minimize climate change impacts through fisheries. The study also provides information that may be useful to evaluate fisheries management options under climate change.
892 citations
TL;DR: Different geographic and life history components that were minor producers during one climatic regime have dominated during others, emphasizing that the biocomplexity of fish stocks is critical for maintaining their resilience to environmental change.
Abstract: A classic example of a sustainable fishery is that targeting sockeye salmon in Bristol Bay, Alaska, where record catches have occurred during the last 20 years. The stock complex is an amalgamation of several hundred discrete spawning populations. Structured within lake systems, individual populations display diverse life history characteristics and local adaptations to the variation in spawning and rearing habitats. This biocomplexity has enabled the aggregate of populations to sustain its productivity despite major changes in climatic conditions affecting the freshwater and marine environments during the last century. Different geographic and life history components that were minor producers during one climatic regime have dominated during others, emphasizing that the biocomplexity of fish stocks is critical for maintaining their resilience to environmental change.
887 citations