Utility of Oxidation State Analogs in the Study of Plutonium Behavior
About: This article is published in ChemInform.The article was published on 2000-02-01. It has received 89 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Plutonium.
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TL;DR: Thermodynamics Marcus Altmaier,*,† Xavier Gaona,† and Thomas Fanghan̈el‡,§ †Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, and the Joint Research Center for Transuranium Elements.
Abstract: Thermodynamics Marcus Altmaier,*,† Xavier Gaona,† and Thomas Fanghan̈el‡,§ †Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany ‡Institute for Transuranium Elements, Joint Research Center, European Commission, P.O. Box 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
160 citations
TL;DR: It was a hypothesis that the significantly positive influence of HA/FA at pH from 2 to 4 on the sorption of Th(IV) onto SiO2 was attributed to strong surface binding ofHA/FA onSiO2 and subsequently the formation of ternary surface complexes such as [triple bond]MO-O-HA-Th or [tri triple bond] MO-O -FA-Th.
159 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that sorption process of Th(IV) on diatomite is spontaneous and endothermic and independent of ionic strength at pH>3.
156 citations
Cites background from "Utility of Oxidation State Analogs ..."
...Thorium is only stable at its valence +IV state in solution, and is usually used as a chemical analogue of tetravalent radionuclides such as Zr, Hf, Np, U and Pu, which are difficult to study and to keep in the tetravalent form (Choppin, 1999)....
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TL;DR: Without a conceptual model that can successfully predict long-term Pu behavior and ultimately isolation from the biosphere, the public will remain skeptical that nuclear energy is a viable and an attractive alternative to counter global warming effects of carbon-based energy alternatives.
Abstract: The recent estimated global stockpile of separated plutonium (Pu) worldwide is about 500 t, with equal contributions from nuclear weapons and civilian nuclear energy. Independent of the United States’ future nuclear energy policy, the current large and increasing stockpile of Pu needs to be safely isolated from the biosphere and stored for thousands of years. Recent laboratory and field studies have demonstrated the ability of colloids (1–1000 nm particles) to facilitate the migration of strongly sorbing contaminants such as Pu. In understanding the dominant processes that may facilitate the transport of Pu, the initial source chemistry and groundwater chemistry are important factors, as no one process can explain all the different field observations of Pu transport. Very little is known about the molecular-scale geochemical and biochemical mechanisms controlling Pu transport, leaving our conceptual model incomplete. Equally uncertain are the conditions that inhibit the cycling and mobility of Pu in the s...
142 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the sorption of Th(IV) onto γ-Al 2 O 3 in the absence and presence of soil humic acid (HA)/fulvic acid (FA) was studied by batch technique.
132 citations
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Journal Article•
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