Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods—A review
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19 citations
Cites background from "Utilization of sewage sludge in EU ..."
...Scientific literature often suggests the renewal of the whole plant or a part of it, introducing devices for energy recovery [4,5], or for raw material recovery from sludge [6], or high tech solutions that improve the efficiency of reagent dispensing and consumption....
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19 citations
19 citations
19 citations
Cites background from "Utilization of sewage sludge in EU ..."
...However, that farmland application as fertilizer is very limited due to potential contamination by metals present in SS (Albores et al., 2000; Fytili and Zabaniotou, 2008)....
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19 citations
Cites background from "Utilization of sewage sludge in EU ..."
...…the soluble heavy metals were reduced after co-pyrolysis for preparing the BSAC was probably the soluble heavy metals were transformed to insoluble substance existed in the BSAC (Gao et al. 2017) or removed in acid washing(Rozada et al. 2005), sequentially, that the harm to environment was reduced....
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References
10,518 citations
"Utilization of sewage sludge in EU ..." refers background in this paper
...Over the last decades, a great variety of extraction schemes, both simple and sequential have been developed and, although some methods have been widely used [12,13] none has been unreservedly accepted by the scientific community....
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1,026 citations
"Utilization of sewage sludge in EU ..." refers background in this paper
...Multiple hearth and fluidized bed furnaces are the most popular and the latter is becoming widely applied [24]....
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...Analysis has shown that about 78–98% of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn present in the sewage sludge are retained in the ash, whereas up to 98% of the Hg may be released into the atmosphere with the flue gas [24]....
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...The whole process is occurring in two distinctive regimes [24]:...
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530 citations