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Journal ArticleDOI

Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19.

12 Aug 2020-European Journal of Epidemiology (Springer Science and Business Media LLC)-Vol. 35, Iss: 8, pp 775-779
TL;DR: It is indicated that healthcare staff involved in the care of COVID-19 positive patients, and individuals considering themselves at risk of disease, were more likely to self-report acquiescence to CO VID-19 vaccination if and when available, and parents, nurses, and medical workers not caring for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients expressed higher levels of vaccine hesitancy.
Abstract: Vaccine hesitancy remains a barrier to full population inoculation against highly infectious diseases. Coincident with the rapid developments of COVID-19 vaccines globally, concerns about the safety of such a vaccine could contribute to vaccine hesitancy. We analyzed 1941 anonymous questionnaires completed by healthcare workers and members of the general Israeli population, regarding acceptance of a potential COVID-19 vaccine. Our results indicate that healthcare staff involved in the care of COVID-19 positive patients, and individuals considering themselves at risk of disease, were more likely to self-report acquiescence to COVID-19 vaccination if and when available. In contrast, parents, nurses, and medical workers not caring for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients expressed higher levels of vaccine hesitancy. Interventional educational campaigns targeted towards populations at risk of vaccine hesitancy are therefore urgently needed to combat misinformation and avoid low inoculation rates.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
16 Feb 2021-Vaccine
TL;DR: A systematic search of the peer-reviewed English survey literature indexed in PubMed was done on 25 December 2020 as discussed by the authors to provide an up-to-date assessment of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates worldwide.

1,096 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper conducted a comprehensive and systematic national assessment of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a community-based sample of the American adult population, where a multi-item valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online via mTurk and social media sites to recruit U.S adults from the general population.
Abstract: Given the results from early trials, COVID-19 vaccines will be available by 2021. However, little is known about what Americans think of getting immunized with a COVID-19 vaccine. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive and systematic national assessment of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a community-based sample of the American adult population. A multi-item valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online via mTurk and social media sites to recruit U.S. adults from the general population. A total of 1878 individuals participated in the study where the majority were: females (52%), Whites (74%), non-Hispanic (81%), married (56%), employed full time (68%), and with a bachelor's degree or higher (77%). The likelihood of getting a COVID-19 immunization in the study population was: very likely (52%), somewhat likely (27%), not likely (15%), definitely not (7%), with individuals who had lower education, income, or perceived threat of getting infected being more likely to report that they were not likely/definitely not going to get COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., vaccine hesitancy). In unadjusted group comparisons, compared to their counterparts, vaccine hesitancy was higher among African-Americans (34%), Hispanics (29%), those who had children at home (25%), rural dwellers (29%), people in the northeastern U.S. (25%), and those who identified as Republicans (29%). In multiple regression analyses, vaccine hesitancy was predicted significantly by sex, education, employment, income, having children at home, political affiliation, and the perceived threat of getting infected with COVID-19 in the next 1 year. Given the high prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, evidence-based communication, mass media strategies, and policy measures will have to be implemented across the U.S. to convert vaccines into vaccinations and mass immunization with special attention to the groups identified in this study.

648 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Julio S. Solís Arce, Shana S. Warren1, Niccolo F. Meriggi, Alexandra Scacco, Nina McMurry, Maarten Voors2, Georgiy Syunyaev3, Georgiy Syunyaev4, Amyn A. Malik5, Samya Aboutajdine, Opeyemi Adeojo6, Deborah Anigo, Alex Armand7, Alex Armand8, Saher Asad9, Martin Atyera1, Britta Augsburg7, Manisha Awasthi, Gloria Eden Ayesiga1, Antonella Bancalari7, Antonella Bancalari10, Martina Björkman Nyqvist11, Ekaterina Borisova12, Ekaterina Borisova3, Constantin Manuel Bosancianu, Magarita Rosa Cabra García1, Ali Cheema9, Ali Cheema13, Elliott Collins1, Filippo Cuccaro1, Ahsan Zia Farooqi13, Tatheer Fatima, Mattia Fracchia8, Mery Len Galindo Soria1, Andrea Guariso14, Ali Hasanain9, Sofía Jaramillo1, Sellu Kallon15, Sellu Kallon2, Anthony Kamwesigye1, Arjun Kharel16, Sarah E. Kreps17, Madison Levine2, Rebecca Littman18, Mohammad Malik13, Gisele Manirabaruta1, Jean Léodomir Habarimana Mfura1, Fatoma Momoh1, Alberto Mucauque, Imamo Mussa, Jean Aime Nsabimana1, Isaac Obara, María Juliana Otálora1, Béchir Wendemi Ouédraogo1, Touba Bakary Pare1, Melina R. Platas19, Laura Polanco1, Javaeria A. Qureshi18, Mariam Raheem, Vasudha Ramakrishna5, Ismail Rendrá, Taimur Shah, Sarene Eyla Shaked1, Jacob N. Shapiro20, Jakob Svensson21, Ahsan Tariq13, Achille Mignondo Tchibozo1, Hamid Ali Tiwana13, Bhartendu Trivedi, Corey Vernot5, Pedro C. Vicente8, Laurin Weissinger22, Basit Zafar23, Baobao Zhang17, Dean Karlan1, Dean Karlan24, Michael Callen25, Matthieu Teachout, Macartan Humphreys4, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak5, Saad B. Omer5 
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals.
Abstract: Widespread acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for achieving sufficient immunization coverage to end the global pandemic, yet few studies have investigated COVID-19 vaccination attitudes in lower-income countries, where large-scale vaccination is just beginning. We analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals. We find considerably higher willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine in our LMIC samples (mean 80.3%; median 78%; range 30.1 percentage points) compared with the United States (mean 64.6%) and Russia (mean 30.4%). Vaccine acceptance in LMICs is primarily explained by an interest in personal protection against COVID-19, while concern about side effects is the most common reason for hesitancy. Health workers are the most trusted sources of guidance about COVID-19 vaccines. Evidence from this sample of LMICs suggests that prioritizing vaccine distribution to the Global South should yield high returns in advancing global immunization coverage. Vaccination campaigns should focus on translating the high levels of stated acceptance into actual uptake. Messages highlighting vaccine efficacy and safety, delivered by healthcare workers, could be effective for addressing any remaining hesitancy in the analyzed LMICs.

536 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted, with a particular focus on vaccine hesitance toward COVID19 vaccine.

525 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 Dec 2020-Vaccine
TL;DR: In this paper, a review compared trends and synthesized findings in vaccination receptivity over time across US and international polls, assessing survey design influences and evaluating context to inform policies and practices.

471 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
26 Mar 2020-BMJ
TL;DR: A long list is emerging from largely unadjusted analyses, with age near the top of the list of top 10 causes of death in the world of sport.
Abstract: A long list is emerging from largely unadjusted analyses, with age near the top

1,280 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although some clinicians have discontinued or have considered discontinuing their provider relationship with patients who refuse vaccines, the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Bioethics recommends that clinicians address vaccine refusal by respectfully listening to parental concerns and discussing the risks of nonvaccination.
Abstract: Vaccines are among the most effective prevention tools available to clinicians. However, the success of an immunization program depends on high rates of acceptance and coverage. There is evidence of an increase in vaccine refusal in the United States and of geographic clustering of refusals that results in outbreaks. Children with exemptions from school immunization requirements (a measure of vaccine refusal) are at increased risk for measles and pertussis and can infect others who are too young to be vaccinated, cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons, or were vaccinated but did not have a sufficient immunologic response. Clinicians can play a crucial role in parental decision making. Health care providers are cited as the most frequent source of immunization information by parents, including parents of unvaccinated children. Although some clinicians have discontinued or have considered discontinuing their provider relationship with patients who refuse vaccines, the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Bioethics advises against this and recommends that clinicians address vaccine refusal by respectfully listening to parental concerns and discussing the risks of nonvaccination.

838 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
11 May 2020-Science
TL;DR: The ACTIV (Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines) public-private partnership brings together the strengths of all sectors at this time of global urgency and a collaborative platform for conducting harmonized, randomized controlled vaccine efficacy trials is discussed.
Abstract: A public-private partnership and platform for harmonized clinical trials aims to accelerate licensure and distribution.

414 citations

Trending Questions (1)
What a strong reaction to Covid vaccine may signal?

Coincident with the rapid developments of COVID-19 vaccines globally, concerns about the safety of such a vaccine could contribute to vaccine hesitancy.