Valorization of industrial waste and by-product streams via fermentation for the production of chemicals and biopolymers
TL;DR: It is evident that fermentative production of chemicals and biopolymers via refining of waste and by-product streams is a highly important research area with significant prospects for industrial applications.
Abstract: The transition from a fossil fuel-based economy to a bio-based economy necessitates the exploitation of synergies, scientific innovations and breakthroughs, and step changes in the infrastructure of chemical industry. Sustainable production of chemicals and biopolymers should be dependent entirely on renewable carbon. White biotechnology could provide the necessary tools for the evolution of microbial bioconversion into a key unit operation in future biorefineries. Waste and by-product streams from existing industrial sectors (e.g., food industry, pulp and paper industry, biodiesel and bioethanol production) could be used as renewable resources for both biorefinery development and production of nutrient-complete fermentation feedstocks. This review focuses on the potential of utilizing waste and by-product streams from current industrial activities for the production of chemicals and biopolymers via microbial bioconversion. The first part of this review presents the current status and prospects on fermentative production of important platform chemicals (i.e., selected C2-C6 metabolic products and single cell oil) and biopolymers (i.e., polyhydroxyalkanoates and bacterial cellulose). In the second part, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of waste and by-product streams from existing industrial sectors are presented. In the third part, the techno-economic aspects of bioconversion processes are critically reviewed. Four case studies showing the potential of case-specific waste and by-product streams for the production of succinic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates are presented. It is evident that fermentative production of chemicals and biopolymers via refining of waste and by-product streams is a highly important research area with significant prospects for industrial applications.
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TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper provided a detailed, systematic and critical review on Chinese liquor to improve the current industrial practice and serve the modern society with yet incompletely explored but useful principles.
Abstract: Background Chinese liquor, a very popular fermented alcoholic beverage with thousands of years’ history in China, though its flavour formation and microbial process have only been partly explored, is facing the industrial challenge of modernisation and standardisation for food quality and safety as well as sustainability. Meanwhile, the hidden knowledge behind the complicated and somehow empirical solid-state fermentation process of Chinese liquor can enrich the food sector to improve our quality of life, and benefit other industrial sectors in the modern biomass-based technology, economy and society. Scope and approach This review reveals the traditional fermentation process and characteristics of Chinese liquor, summarises the current study progress of flavour chemistry and responsible microbial process, and addresses future improvement and research needs. We provide here a detailed, systematic and critical review on Chinese liquor to improve the current industrial practice and serve the modern society with yet incompletely explored but useful principles. Key findings and conclusions The hidden knowledge behind the traditional Chinese liquor production is rich in useful principles including flavour chemistry, microbial growth, solid-state fermentation, enzyme production, biocatalysis, microbial community metabolism and process engineering. Studies in a more in-depth, systematic and practical way on this look-like empirical process to explore the scientific principles behind will definitely benefit the liquor industry in particular, and the (food) biotechnology sector in general.
370 citations
TL;DR: This review focuses on current technologies for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from food waste, with particular attention paid to fermentation technologies based on pure and mixed cultures.
297 citations
Cites background from "Valorization of industrial waste an..."
...In 2013, Indonesia produced 30 thousand tons of oil palm EFB, which consists of around 35 wt% of glucan, 20.3 wt% of xylan, and 3.1 wt% of arabinan (Kresnowati et al., 2015)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have shown that polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) can contribute to greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, waste reduction as well as green jobs and innovation in the biotechnology sector.
224 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze how contemporary systemic biology is helping to take the design of bioremediation agents back to the core of environmental biotechnology and propose an engineering workflow.
218 citations
TL;DR: The valorization of inexpensive, abundantly available, and renewable biomass waste could provide significant benefits in response to increasing fossil fuel demands and manufacturing costs, as well as emerging environmental concerns.
214 citations
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TL;DR: The current knowledge in the structure and chemistry of cellulose, and in the development of innovative cellulose esters and ethers for coatings, films, membranes, building materials, drilling techniques, pharmaceuticals, and foodstuffs are assembled.
Abstract: As the most important skeletal component in plants, the polysaccharide cellulose is an almost inexhaustible polymeric raw material with fascinating structure and properties. Formed by the repeated connection of D-glucose building blocks, the highly functionalized, linear stiff-chain homopolymer is characterized by its hydrophilicity, chirality, biodegradability, broad chemical modifying capacity, and its formation of versatile semicrystalline fiber morphologies. In view of the considerable increase in interdisciplinary cellulose research and product development over the past decade worldwide, this paper assembles the current knowledge in the structure and chemistry of cellulose, and in the development of innovative cellulose esters and ethers for coatings, films, membranes, building materials, drilling techniques, pharmaceuticals, and foodstuffs. New frontiers, including environmentally friendly cellulose fiber technologies, bacterial cellulose biomaterials, and in-vitro syntheses of cellulose are highlighted together with future aims, strategies, and perspectives of cellulose research and its applications.
6,098 citations
TL;DR: An updated evaluation of potential target structures using similar selection methodology, and an overview of the technology developments that led to the inclusion of a given compound are presented.
3,536 citations
TL;DR: The most widely used bio-fuel for transportation worldwide is bio-ethanol from sugar cane, which is essentially a clean fuel and has several clear advantages over petroleum-derived gasoline in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving air quality in metropolitan areas as mentioned in this paper.
1,400 citations
TL;DR: These results confirmed the capability of C. basilensis B-8 to promote KL degradation and provide a theoretical basis for research into the mechanisms of lignin degradation as well as a practical basis for biofuel production using lignIn materials.
Abstract: Lignin materials are abundant and among the most important potential sources for biofuel production. Development of an efficient lignin degradation process has considerable potential for the production of a variety of chemicals, including bioethanol. However, lignin degradation using current methods is inefficient. Given their immense environmental adaptability and biochemical versatility, bacterial could be used as a valuable tool for the rapid degradation of lignin. Kraft lignin (KL) is a polymer by-product of the pulp and paper industry resulting from alkaline sulfide treatment of lignocellulose, and it has been widely used for lignin-related studies. Beta-proteobacterium Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 isolated from erosive bamboo slips displayed substantial KL degradation capability. With initial concentrations of 0.5–6 g L-1, at least 31.3% KL could be degraded in 7 days. The maximum degradation rate was 44.4% at the initial concentration of 2 g L-1. The optimum pH and temperature for KL degradation were 7.0 and 30°C, respectively. Manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase (Lac) demonstrated their greatest level of activity, 1685.3 U L-1 and 815.6 U L-1, at the third and fourth days, respectively. Many small molecule intermediates were formed during the process of KL degradation, as determined using GC-MS analysis. In order to perform metabolic reconstruction of lignin degradation in this bacterium, a draft genome sequence for C. basilensis B-8 was generated. Genomic analysis focused on the catabolic potential of this bacterium against several lignin-derived compounds. These analyses together with sequence comparisons predicted the existence of three major metabolic pathways: β-ketoadipate, phenol degradation, and gentisate pathways. These results confirmed the capability of C. basilensis B-8 to promote KL degradation. Whole genomic sequencing and systematic analysis of the C. basilensis B-8 genome identified degradation steps and intermediates from this bacterial-mediated KL degradation method. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for research into the mechanisms of lignin degradation as well as a practical basis for biofuel production using lignin materials.
1,173 citations
TL;DR: The current status of the technology for ethanol production from softwood is reviewed, with focus on hemicellulose and cellulose hydrolysis, which is the major problem in the overall process.
Abstract: Ethanol produced from various lignocellulosic materials such as wood, agricultural and forest residues has the potential to be a valuable substitute for, or complement to, gasoline One of the major resources in the Northern hemisphere is softwood This paper reviews the current status of the technology for ethanol production from softwood, with focus on hemicellulose and cellulose hydrolysis, which is the major problem in the overall process Other issues of importance, eg overall process configurations and process economics are also considered
1,153 citations