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Journal ArticleDOI

Variation of fruits morphometric parameters and bioactive compounds of Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal germplasm collection

26 Jan 2019-Potravinarstvo (HACCP Consulting)-Vol. 13, Iss: 1, pp 1-7
TL;DR: Evaluating the morphological parameters and bioactive compounds of 6 genotypes of dry Asimina triloba (L.) fruit from Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra found this species is potential for propagation and practice used in the Slovak Republic.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological parameters and bioactive compounds (antioxidant activity, total polyphenol, flavonoid, and phenolic acid content) of 6 genotypes of dry Asimina triloba (L.) fruit from Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (Slovakia). Genotypes were obtained from the seeds that were sown in the year 2000. Their morphometric parameters were following: fruit weight from 59.00 to 241.19 g, fruit length from 50.14 to 140.11 mm, fruit diameter from 37.55 to 64.67 mm, number of fruits per cluster from 2 to 8, seed weight from 0.06 to 1.80 g, seed length from 16.33 to 29.11 mm, seed width from 9.56 to 18.33 mm, seed thickness from 4.98 to 9.75 mm, number of seeds in fruit from 4 to 16. The shape indexes of fruits were found ranging from 1.53 to 2.16. The variability of important is the average seeds weight from 7.40 to 35.61%, fruit weight from 14.84 to 32.95%, number of fruits per cluster from 18.21 to 32.54% and a number of seeds in fruit from 13.49 to 27.72%. The other characteristics are more or less stable. Total polyphenol content ranged from 22.13 to 37.36 mg GAE per g, total flavonoid content from 15.10 to 32.03 mg QE per g and phenolic acids content from 0.23 to 0.76 mg CAE per g. All tested samples exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activities with values from 2.84 to 7.04 mg TEAC per g. Antioxidant activity by molybdenum reducing antioxidant power method ranged from 97.25 to 275.41 mg TEAC per g of dry matter. Differences between the genotypes were significant in all observed parameters. This species is potential for propagation and practice used in the Slovak Republic.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
28 May 2019
TL;DR: In this article, methanolic extracts of 10 traditionally consumed wild leafy vegetables of Bangladesh were analyzed for their total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging activity.
Abstract: Nowadays, more attention has been paid on wild plants as new source of natural antioxidants. Therefore, methanolic extracts of 10 traditionally consumed wild leafy vegetables of Bangladesh were analyzed for their total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging activity. Folin-Ciocalteu method followed by spectrophotometric measurement was used to quantify the TPC of the selected wild leafy vegetables. Free radical scavenging activity was examined utilizing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Different concentrations of the plant extract were applied to ascertain the dose response relationship in inhibiting DPPH free radical. The results revealed that the TPC ranged from 102.20 to 710.42 mg GAE/100g dry weight (DW). The highest TPC was observed in Bauhinia acuminata (Shetokanchan) while Leucas aspera (Shetodhron) exhibited the lowest TPC among the undertaken vegetables. The studied samples proportionately inhibited DPPH with increasing concentrations. At high concentration (500 µg.mL-1), the percentage inhibition of DPPH radical by plant extract ranged from 68.1 ±2.65 % to 93.1 ±1.23 %. The highest DPPH radical inhibition was observed in Bauhinia acuminata (Shetokanchan) (93.10 ±1.23 %), followed by Commelina benghalensis (Bat baittashak) (91.97 ±1.31 %), Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes L. (Sakumubakla) (91.83 ±2.13 %). The lowest DPPH radical inhibition among the studied samples was observed in Leucas aspera (Shetodhron) (68.1 ±2.65 %). IC50 values measured by DPPH assay in this study ranged from 11.64 to 313.79 µg.mL-1. The study findings indicated that the samples under study possesses strong activity against DPPH, and thus could be used as natural antioxidants in the food and/or pharmaceutical industry.

18 citations


Cites background from "Variation of fruits morphometric pa..."

  • ...Antioxidant is termed as a compound whose major function is to inhibit the oxidation of biological molecules (lipids, proteins or other molecules) and hence provides a defensive effect against ROS (Reactive oxygen species) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2), hydroxyl radical (OH), peroxyl radical (ROO), and singlet oxygen (1O(2)) (Moyo et al., 2013; Brindza et al., 2019)....

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  • ...Volume 13 291 No. 1/2019 Several studies have reported an inverse relation between flavonoid intake and risk of lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases (Wang et al., 2011; Bystrická et al., 2017; Lenková et al., 2017; Brindza et al., 2019) and biomarkers of inflammation (Shaik et al., 2006)....

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  • ...…molecules (lipids, proteins or other molecules) and hence provides a defensive effect against ROS (Reactive oxygen species) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2•−), hydroxyl radical (OH•), peroxyl radical (ROO•), and singlet oxygen (1O2) (Moyo et al., 2013; Brindza et al., 2019)....

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20 Nov 2020
TL;DR: The diversity of their use as food, medicinal and cosmetic agents was shown and the healing properties of the fruit and leaves of these species were highlighted.
Abstract: Goji fruit has been an important element of traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. In Asian countries, they are used as an essential component of a healthy diet, which is a source of many nutrients. Due to their health-promoting properties and chemical composition (phenolic acids, flavonoids, pro-anthocyanidins, coumarins, tannins, carotenoids, anthocyanins), they deserved the term superfruit. In recent years, goji berries have also become very popular in Europe and America. The fruit is used primarily after drying and is available in the form of various supplements. Two species of L. barbarum and L. chinense are cultivated on a larger scale. Not only fruits contain biologically active substances, but also other parts of plants, especially leaves. This review highlights the healing properties of the fruit and leaves of these species. The diversity of their use as food, medicinal and cosmetic agents was shown.

11 citations


Cites background from "Variation of fruits morphometric pa..."

  • ...…et al., 2017), Diospyros virginiana L. (Grygorieva et al., 2018), Sambucus nigra L. (Horčinová Sedláčková et al., 2018), Asimina triloba L. (Brindza et al., 2019), *Corresponding author: Iwona Szot, University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, 28 Głęboka…...

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Journal ArticleDOI
28 Jul 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the total antioxidant activity and the content of phenolic compounds of the leaves of 12 species of non-traditional plants, namely, Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt.
Abstract: The aim of the research is the determination of the total antioxidant activity and the content of phenolic compounds of the leaves of 12 species of non-traditional plants, namely, Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roem., Aronia mitschurinii A.K. Skvortsov & Maitul., Castanea sativa Mill., Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Cornus mas L., Diospyros kaki L., Diospyros lotus L., Diospyros virginiana L., Lycium barbarum L., Lycium сhinense Mill., Pseudocydonia sinensis (Thouin) C.K. Schneid., Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Total phenolic content was evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay. Antioxidant activity was measured using two different methods (DPPH – 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, MRAP – molybdenum reducing antioxidant power). Significant variability was observed in phenolic compounds content and total antioxidant activity. Total polyphenol content ranged from 38.02 (Z. jujuba) to 80.58 (C. sativa) mg GAE.g-1 DM, total flavonoid content from 22.47 (P. sinensis) to 54.61 (L. barbarum) mg QE.g-1 DM and phenolic acids content from 3.51 (A. mitschurinii) to 24.67 (Ch. japonica) mg CAE.g-1 DM. All tested samples exhibited DPPH• radical scavenging activities with values from 6.92 (A. mitschurinii) to 9.0 (C. mas) mg TEAC.g-1 DM. Antioxidant activity by molybdenum reducing antioxidant power method ranged from 109.43 (A. mitschurinii) to 322.95 (C. mas) mg TEAC.g-1 DM. Differences between the species of non-traditional plants were significant in all observed parameters. Obtained results of phytochemical composition demonstrated the possibility of leaves' use of non-traditional plants as sources of valuable bioactive compounds with health-promoting and disease-preventing properties.

10 citations


Cites background from "Variation of fruits morphometric pa..."

  • ...…et al., 2017), Ziziphus jujuba (Ivanišová et al., 2017), Diospyros virginiana (Grygorieva et al., 2018), Sambucus nigra (Horčinová Sedláčková et al., 2018), Asimina triloba (Brindza et al., 2019), Cornus mas (Klymenko et al., 2019b), Chaenomeles japonica (Klymenko et al., 2019a) and other....

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  • ..., 2018), Asimina triloba (Brindza et al., 2019), Cornus mas (Klymenko et al....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified nine countries outside of North America (Romania, Italy, Ukraine, Slovakia, Austria, Georgia, Russia, Japan, Korea) and across two continents that have scientific literature that describes pawpaw cultivation.
Abstract: The North American pawpaw (Asimina triloba) is a small tree native to the Appalachian region of the United States that produces large, yellowish-green to brown fruit that has the flavor of a banana and mango. The scope of this review is limited to pawpaw orchards outside of North America that were intentionally planted for commercial or research purposes and are documented in the scientific literature. This review identified nine countries outside of North America (Romania, Italy, Ukraine, Slovakia, Austria, Georgia, Russia, Japan, Korea) and across two continents that have scientific literature that describes pawpaw cultivation. There are reports that pawpaws are cultivated in China, Israel, Belgium, and Portugal, however, no scientific literature could be found that describes pawpaw research from these countries. Most of the research since 2010 has featured pawpaws grown in Romania, Italy, and Korea with a focus on characterizing roots, twigs, leaves, pulp and seeds or the toxicity and/or bioactivity of the annonaceous acetogenins naturally found in these parts of the pawpaw.

8 citations


Cites methods from "Variation of fruits morphometric pa..."

  • ...In Slovakia, cultivars (AxT-01 to AxT-06) sown in 2000 at the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra were used to characterize their morphology, total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity (Brindza et al., 2019)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
10 Mar 2019
TL;DR: The cultivar Haschberg had a better set of morphological traits compared to wild-growing genotypes, even though it was possible to find comparative genotypes in some characteristics.
Abstract: In view of global changes, it is necessary to consider plant breeding as a process of developing new varieties and cultivars for present and future needs, with an emphasis on improving their quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The aim of this study was to compare wild-growing genotypes of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) with three registered cultivars Haschberg, Sambo and Bohatka in selected economic traits in Slovakia. Characters of selected genotypes and cultivars were tested in dynamics of inflorescences and fruit clusters, the morphological parameters such as the weight of fruit clusters, weight and number of drupes and weight of cluster without drupes. On the cv. Haschberg we evaluated the number of inflorescences for each individual plant for a period of three years. A high number of inflorescences was established in the first 3 years of plant growth. This is evidenced by the measurements from the 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year old plants with the number of inflorescences on average 21.3–25.7, 42.2–51.0, 65.1–73.7 and 99.0, respectively. The cultivars matured about two to three weeks later compared with wild-growing genotypes. The weight of the fruit clusters and the weight of drupes is an important trait in terms of plant production and efficiency of cultivation. For wild-growing genotypes, we also identified genotypes with a high weight of fruit clusters (111.1 g – SN-48) and weight of drupes (105.5 g – SN-48), which are determinant properties for selection of new genotypes for plant breeding and cultivation. The yield of juice is an important indicator for technological processing of elderberry fruit. For the cultivars the juice yield was found to range from 78.7% (cv. Sambo) to 82.9% (cv. Haschberg). We determined that the yield of juices of wild-growing genotypes ranged from 77.9–86.0%. The cultivar Haschberg had a better set of morphological traits compared to wild-growing genotypes, even though it was possible to find comparative genotypes in some characteristics. The results and knowledge obtained are useful for future breeders, cultivators, and processors of elderberries.

8 citations

References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent rather than the FolinDenis reagent, gallic acid as a reference standard, and a more reproducible time-temperature color development period was investigated.
Abstract: Several details of the assay of total phenolic substances have been investigated and an improved procedure developed. The improvements include the use of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent rather than the Folin-Denis reagent, gallic acid as a reference standard, and a more reproducible time-temperature color development period. The values obtained are less subject to variation and interference from several nonphenols, yet are directly comparable to the "tannin" values obtained by the previously standard method.

18,629 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The phosphomolybdenum method is routinely applied in the laboratory to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity of plant extracts and to determine vitamin E in a variety of grains and seeds, including corn and soybean.

4,644 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the kinetic behavior of polyphenols common in fruits as free radical scavengers was studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).
Abstract: The kinetic behaviour of polyphenols common in fruits as free radical scavengers was studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.). After addition of different standard concentrations to DPPH. (0.025 g litre-1), the percentage of remaining DPPH. was determined at different times from the absorbances at 515 nm. The percentage remaining DPPH. against reaction time followed a multiplicative model equation: In [DPPH.REM] = b 1n t + 1n a. The slopes of these equations may be useful parameters to define the antioxidant capacity. The steeper the slope, the lower the amount of antioxidant necessary to decrease by 50% the initial DPPH. concentration (EC50). This parameter, EC50, is widely used to measure antioxidant power, but it does not takes into account the reaction time. Time needed to reach the steady state to the concentration corresponding at EC50 (T(EC50)) was calculated, and antiradical efficiency (AE) was proposed as a new parameter to characterise the antioxidant compounds where AE = 1/EC50 T(EC50). It was shown that AE is more discriminatory than EC50. AE values are more useful because they also take into account the reaction time. The results have shown that the order of the AE (x 10(-3)) in the compounds tested was: ascorbic acid (11.44) > caffeic acid (2.75) greater than or equal to gallic acid (2.62) > tannic acid (0.57) greater than or equal to DL-alpha-tocopherol (0.52) > rutin (0.21) greater than or equal to quercetin (0.19) > ferulic acid (0.12) greater than or equal to 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, BHA (0.10) > resveratrol (0.05).

1,812 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Annonaceous acetogenins are promising new antitumor and pesticidal agents that are found only in the plant family Annonaceae and exhibit their potent bioactivities through depletion of ATP levels via inhibiting complex I of mitochondria and inhibiting the NADH oxidase of plasma membranes of tumor cells.
Abstract: The Annonaceous acetogenins are promising new antitumor and pesticidal agents that are found only in the plant family Annonaceae. Chemically, they are derivatives of long-chain fatty acids. Biologically, they exhibit their potent bioactivities through depletion of ATP levels via inhibiting complex I of mitochondria and inhibiting the NADH oxidase of plasma membranes of tumor cells. Thus, they thwart ATP-driven resistance mechanisms. This review presents the progress made in the chemistry, biology, and development of these compounds since December 1995.

728 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...…amounts of riboflavin (0.06 – 0.15 mg.kg-1), niacin (10 – 12 mg.kg-1), calcium (500 – 800 mg.kg-1), phosphorus (400 – 500 mg.kg-1) and zinc (10 – 12 mg.kg-1) (Galli et al., 2007), to have a high polyphenolic content (Harris and Brannan, 2009; Brannan et al., 2014; Brannan, 2016)....

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  • ...Asimina triloba fruits are rich in nutritive components such as vitamins and minerals (Templeton et al., 2003; Pomper and Layne 2005), a good source of potassium (3000 – 3800 mg.kg-1) and several essential amino acids (mean value: 40 mg.kg-1 of protein), and they contain significant amounts of riboflavin (0.06 – 0.15 mg.kg-1), niacin (10 – 12 mg.kg-1), calcium (500 – 800 mg.kg-1), phosphorus (400 – 500 mg.kg-1) and zinc (10 – 12 mg.kg-1) (Galli et al., 2007), to have a high polyphenolic content (Harris and Brannan, 2009; Brannan et al., 2014; Brannan, 2016)....

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  • ...Fruits of pawpaw are very fragrant and resemble a combination of aromas of banana and mango, and may be used commercially in cosmetics and skin products (Layne, 1996; Brannan and Holben, 2012)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fractionation of the EtOH extract of the bark of Asimina triloba has led to the isolation and structural elucidation of a novel highly cytotoxic Annonaceous acetogenin, trilobacin.
Abstract: Fractionation of the EtOH extract of the bark of Asimina triloba, monitoring by brine shrimp lethality, has led to the isolation and structural elucidation of a novel highly cytotoxic Annonaceous acetogenin, trilobacin [1], in addition to six known compounds: asimicin 2], bullatacin [3], bullatacinone [4], N-p-coumaroyltyramine [5], N-trans-feruloyltyramine [6], and (+)-syringaresinol [7]. Acetogenin 1 was identified as a diastereomer of asimicin [2] by spectral and chemical methods, and both 1 and 2 showed potent and selective cytotoxicities in the NCI human tumor cell line screen.

161 citations


"Variation of fruits morphometric pa..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Biologically active compounds are not only in fruits but in different parts of the plant: roots, bark, twigs, leaves, flowers, and seeds (Hui et al., 1989; Zhao et al., 1992, 1993, 1994; Alali et al., 1999; Goodrich et al., 2006; Cuendet et al., 2008; Farag, 2009; Pande and Akoh, 2010)....

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