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Vector Control and Dynamics of AC Drives
26 Sep 1996-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a d-q model for solid state power converters and present a complex vector analysis of induction machines and synchronous machines with respect to vector control and field orientation.
Abstract: 1. Introduction to AC drives 2. d-q modelling of induction and synchronous machines 3. d-q models for solid state power converters 4. Complex vector analysis of induction machines 5. Principles of vector control and field orientation 6. Dynamics of vector control and field orientation 7. Current regulation in power converters 8. Parameter sensitivity and saturation effects in indirect field orientation 9. Field weakening operation Index
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TL;DR: Current control techniques for three-phase voltage-source pulsewidth modulated converters, including bang-bang (hysteresis, delta modulation) controllers and predictive controllers with on-line optimization are reviewed.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present a review of current control techniques for three-phase voltage-source pulsewidth modulated converters. Various techniques, different in concept, have been described in two main groups: linear and nonlinear. The first includes proportional integral (stationary and synchronous) and state feedback controllers, and predictive techniques with constant switching frequency. The second comprises bang-bang (hysteresis, delta modulation) controllers and predictive controllers with on-line optimization. New trends in current control-neural networks and fuzzy-logic-based controllers-are discussed, as well. Selected oscillograms accompany the presentation in order to illustrate properties of the described controller groups.
2,086 citations
30 Apr 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the relative merits of induction, switched reluctance, and permanent-magnet (PM) brushless machines and drives for application in electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles are reviewed.
Abstract: This paper reviews the relative merits of induction, switched reluctance, and permanent-magnet (PM) brushless machines and drives for application in electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles, with particular emphasis on PM brushless machines. The basic operational characteristics and design requirements, viz. a high torque/power density, high efficiency over a wide operating range, and a high maximum speed capability, as well as the latest developments, are described. Permanent-magnet brushless dc and ac machines and drives are compared in terms of their constant torque and constant power capabilities, and various PM machine topologies and their performance are reviewed. Finally, methods for enhancing the PM excitation torque and reluctance torque components and, thereby, improving the torque and power capability, are described
1,091 citations
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: This paper reviews the relative merits of induction, switched reluctance, and permanent-magnet brushesless machines and drives for application in electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles, with particular emphasis on PM brushless machines.
Abstract: This paper reviews the relative merits of induction, switched reluctance, and permanent-magnet (PM) brushless machines and drives for application in electric, hybrid, and fuel cellvehicles,withparticularemphasisonPMbrushlessmachines. The basic operational characteristics and design requirements, viz. a high torque/power density, high efficiency over a wide operatingrange,andahighmaximumspeedcapability,aswell as the latest developments, are described. Permanent-magnet brushless dc and ac machines and drives are compared in terms of their constant torque and constant power capabilities, and various PM machine topologies and their performance are reviewed. Finally, methods for enhancing the PM excitation torque and reluctance torque components and, thereby, improv- ing the torque and power capability, are described.
1,090 citations
01 Jun 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the output voltage and current space in terms of dq components for each topology and fault, and used a silicon overrating cost factor to compare the relative switching device costs of the topologies compared to a standard three-phase inverter.
Abstract: This paper compares the many fault tolerant three-phase ac motor drive topologies that have been proposed to provide output capacity for the inverter faults of switch short or open-circuits, phase-leg short-circuits, and single-phase open-circuits. Also included is a review of the respective control methods for fault tolerant inverters including two-phase and unipolar control methods. The output voltage and current space in terms of dq components is identified for each topology and fault. These quantities are then used to normalize the power capacity of each system during a fault to a standard inverter during normal operation. A silicon overrating cost factor is adopted as a metric to compare the relative switching device costs of the topologies compared to a standard three-phase inverter.
750 citations
Cites methods from "Vector Control and Dynamics of AC D..."
...As a result, it is necessary to adjust the number of turns in the motor to keep the kVA rating of system constant when compared to the standard topology [ 23 ]....
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03 Oct 1999
TL;DR: In this article, a technique for interpreting the stationary/rotating frame transformations as modulation processes in the Laplace domain is presented, which moves the control function from one part of the frequency spectrum to another.
Abstract: Stationary frame linear PI current regulators are conventionally regarded as unsatisfactory for AC systems because they cannot eliminate steady state errors. Consequently, synchronous frame regulators are perceived to be superior, since they achieve zero steady state error by acting on DC signals in a rotating frame of reference. However, a synchronous frame regulator is more complex, and requires in particular a way of transforming a measured stationary frame AC current (or error) to rotating frame DC quantities, and transforming the resultant control action back to the stationary frame for implementation. This paper presents a technique for interpreting the stationary/rotating frame transformations as modulation processes in the Laplace domain which move the control function from one part of the frequency spectrum to another. The technique is used to compare stationary and synchronous frame PI regulators on a common basis to better understand the advantages of a synchronous frame regulator, and then to develop a new form of stationary frame resonant regulator which achieves zero steady state error without requiring the complex transformations of a synchronous frame regulator. The performance of this new regulator is evaluated and found to be equivalent to that of the synchronous frame PI regulator.
672 citations
Cites background or methods from "Vector Control and Dynamics of AC D..."
...Much of the definitive analysis in the area of linear current regulation has been done using time-domain formulations of the regulators and loads, with a three-phase motor system described by a complex space-vector model [2]‐[ 5 ]....
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...From [2] and [ 5 ], the time-domain form of a synchronous frame ‐ current regulator referred to the stationary frame can be expressed as...
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...Fig. 4 shows the frame representation of the synchronous frame PI regulator, which is functionally equivalent to the frequency-domain form of the synchronous frame regulator given in Table II. Note that, similar to [2] and [ 5 ], this implementation in the stationary frame feeds back the output variables and is a more efficient implementation than the transfer function form shown in Table II. Even so, the complexity and cross-coupling ......
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...The stationary frame regulator becomes the well-known synchronous frame regulator [2], [ 5 ], [6] if the stationary ‐ frame variables are transformed in the time domain to the synchronous frame before the PI control action occurs, using...
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