Visual narratives of global politics in the digital age: an introduction
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the visual platforms of social media as inherently visual platforms, and they describe how billions of photographs, videos, cartoons, memes, gifs, and infographics are uploaded and shared for the world to see online.
Abstract: Social media are inherently visual platforms. Every day, billions of photographs, videos, cartoons, memes, gifs, and infographics are uploaded and shared for the world to see online. As a result, p...
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors employ a rigorous survey experiment among a representative sample of US adults (N = 800) to demonstrate that propaganda photographs of Kim Jong-un produced and distributed by the regime's official mouthpiece, the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), succeeded in improving perceptions of North Korea, albeit only among audiences with limited political knowledge.
Abstract: A growing body of research shows that the pariah regime of North Korea—as other countries too—cares about how it is perceived internationally. However, so far, we know very little about how effective North Korea’s strategic efforts are in improving its image among foreign audiences. As a first step toward addressing this gap, we employ a rigorous survey experiment among a representative sample of US adults (N = 800) to demonstrate that propaganda photographs of Kim Jong-un—produced and distributed by the regime’s official mouthpiece, the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA)—succeed in improving perceptions of North Korea, albeit only among audiences with limited political knowledge. By providing evidence that news photographs are effective strategic communication instruments, our paper also makes an original and significant contribution to general scholarship on mediated public diplomacy, which has until now paid little attention to visual media as a tool of image management.
2 citations
TL;DR: The authors argued that closer attention to the objects visualised in China's international political communication of the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI) will add new knowledge of China's glo...
Abstract: This article argues that closer attention to the objects visualised in China's international political communication of the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI) will add new knowledge of China's gl...
2 citations
Cites background from "Visual narratives of global politic..."
...…(Epstein 2008; de Graaf, Dimitriu, and Ringsmose 2015; Bevan, Colley, and Workman 2020), to verbal and visual means of telling strategic narratives (Crilley, Manor, and Bjola 2020), and to what makes strategic narratives more persuasive (Ringsmose and Børgesen 2011; van Noort and Colley 2021),…...
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors propose to use visual narrative analysis (VNA) as a systematic approach for better understanding of political narratives and identify internal contradictions that undermine political efforts of self-representation in contexts of global governance and render them unstable and contestable.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Since visuality in the (self-)representation of politicians and other influential figures has become an important part of political storytelling, we propose to use visual narrative analysis (VNA) as a systematic approach for its better understanding. VNA is particularly suited for this performative strand of interpretive analysis, as it does not study images in isolation but in the broader context of political narratives. By analysing different layers of communication (images, narratives, competing narratives) VNA enables us to identify internal contradictions that undermine political efforts of self-representation in contexts of global governance (e.g. multilateral diplomacy) and render them unstable and contestable. By analysing competing (self-)representations at a G7 meeting in 2018, we show how VNA can be applied fruitfully to the study of international politics and, second, how VNA can explain some of the reasons why one image became iconic (Angela Merkel as female leader of the liberal world), i.e. appealed to a wider audience, and others (focusing on Emmanuel Macron or Donald Trump) did not. While our article is primarily a demonstration of the methodological benefits of VNA for various research contexts in world politics, it also contributes to conceptual debates on the combination of visuality, narratives and emotions in changing practices of political storytelling.
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TL;DR: It is argued that certain duties of patients counterbalance an otherwise unfair captivity of doctors as helpers and that vulnerability does not exclude obligation.
Abstract: There has been a shift from the general presumption that “doctor knows best” to a heightened respect for patient autonomy. Medical ethics remains one-sided, however. It tends (incorrectly) to interpret patient autonomy as mere participation in decisions, rather than a willingness to take the consequences. In this respect, medical ethics remains largely paternalistic, requiring doctors to protect patients from the consequences of their decisions. This is reflected in a one-sided account of duties in medical ethics. Medical ethics may exempt patients from obligations because they are the weaker or more vulnerable party in the doctor-patient relationship. We argue that vulnerability does not exclude obligation. We also look at others ways in which patients’ responsibilities flow from general ethics: for instance, from responsibilities to others and to the self, from duties of citizens, and from the responsibilities of those who solicit advice. Finally, we argue that certain duties of patients counterbalance an otherwise unfair captivity of doctors as helpers.
17,373 citations
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31 Aug 2013TL;DR: The authors examines the organizational dynamics that emerge when communication becomes a prominent part of organizational structure and argues that understanding such variations in large-scale action networks requires distinguishing between at least two logics that may be in play: the familiar logic of collective action associated with high levels of organizational resources and the formatio...
Abstract: From the Arab Spring and los indignados in Spain, to Occupy Wall Street (and beyond), large-scale, sustained protests are using digital media in ways that go beyond sending and receiving messages. Some of these action formations contain relatively small roles for formal brick and mortar organizations. Others involve well-established advocacy organizations, in hybrid relations with other organizations, using technologies that enable personalized public engagement. Both stand in contrast to the more familiar organizationally managed and brokered action conventionally associated with social movement and issue advocacy. This article examines the organizational dynamics that emerge when communication becomes a prominent part of organizational structure. It argues that understanding such variations in large-scale action networks requires distinguishing between at least two logics that may be in play: The familiar logic of collective action associated with high levels of organizational resources and the formatio...
1,276 citations
"Visual narratives of global politic..." refers background in this paper
...The visual power of digital images comes from their ability to connect with the online public through ‘personal action frames’ (Bennett and Segerberg 2012) and project themselves into the symbolic universe of understandings, emotions and purposes that inform people’s political behaviour....
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TL;DR: The theory of "securitization" developed by the Copenhagen School provides one of the most innovative, productive, and yet controversial avenues of research in contemporary security studies as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The theory of “securitization” developed by the Copenhagen School provides one of the most innovative, productive, and yet controversial avenues of research in contemporary security studies. This article provides an assessment of the foundations of this approach and its limitations, as well as its significance for broader areas of International Relations theory. Locating securitization theory within the context of both classical Realism influenced by Carl Schmitt, and current work on constructivist ethics, it argues that while the Copenhagen School is largely immune from the most common criticisms leveled against it, the increasing impact of televisual communication in security relations provides a fundamental challenge for understanding the processes and institutions involved in securitization, and for the political ethics advocated by the Copenhagen School.
873 citations
"Visual narratives of global politic..." refers background in this paper
...…opened up the discipline of International Relations and have provided insightful contributions to the study of the world around us (see for example Williams 2003; Weber 2008; Grayson et al 2009; Moore and Shepherd 2010; Hansen 2011; Heck and Schlag 2013; Miskimmon et al 2014; Dixit 2014; Caso and…...
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Book•
02 Aug 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, an ontology of hybridity is defined and a discussion of the contemporary context of Hybridity is presented. But the authors do not discuss the role of power, interdependence, and hybridity in the construction of political news.
Abstract: Acknowledgements Introduction 1. An Ontology of Hybridity 2. All Media Systems Have Been Hybrid 3. The Contemporary Contexts of Hybridity 4. The Political Information Cycle 5. Power, Interdependence, and Hybridity in the Construction of Political News: Understanding WikiLeaks 6. Symphonic Consonance in Campaign Communication: Reinterpreting Obama for America 7. Systemic Hybridity in the Mediation of the American Presidential Campaign 8. Hybrid Norms in News and Journalism 9. Hybrid Norms in Activism, Parties, and Government Conclusion: Politics and Power in the Hybrid Media System List of Interviews Notes Bibliography Index
785 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a framework for the study of visual securitization, that is, when images constitute something or someone as threatened and in need of immediate defense.
Abstract: This article provides a framework for the study of visual securitization, that is, when images constitute something or someone as threatened and in need of immediate defense or when securitizing ac...
303 citations
"Visual narratives of global politic..." refers background in this paper
...…contributions to the study of the world around us (see for example Williams 2003; Weber 2008; Grayson et al 2009; Moore and Shepherd 2010; Hansen 2011; Heck and Schlag 2013; Miskimmon et al 2014; Dixit 2014; Caso and Hamilton 2015; Inayatullah and Dauphinee 2016; Hozi c 2017; Bleiker…...
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