Journal ArticleDOI
Vitamin D and Its Role in Skeletal Muscle
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TLDR
This review discusses the clinical and laboratory studies that have examined a role of vitamin D in skeletal muscle and indicates that vitamin D status is positively associated with muscle strength and physical performance and inversely associated with risk of falling.Abstract:
This review discusses the clinical and laboratory studies that have examined a role of vitamin D in skeletal muscle. Many observational studies, mainly in older populations, indicate that vitamin D status is positively associated with muscle strength and physical performance and inversely associated with risk of falling. Clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation in older adults with low vitamin D status mostly report improvements in muscle performance and reductions in falls. The underlying mechanisms are probably both indirect via calcium and phosphate and direct via activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on muscle cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. VDR activation at the genomic level regulates transcription of genes involved in calcium handling and muscle cell differentiation and proliferation. A putative membrane-associated VDR activates intracellular signaling pathways also involved in calcium handling and signaling and myogenesis. Additional evidence comes from VDR knockout mouse models with abnormal muscle morphology and physical function, and VDR polymorphisms which are associated with differences in muscle strength. Recent identification of CYP27B1 bioactivity in skeletal muscle cells and in regenerating adult mouse muscle lends support to the direct action of both 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25(OH)2D in muscle. Despite these research advances, many questions remain. Further research is needed to fully characterize molecular mechanisms of vitamin D action on muscle cells downstream of the VDR, describe the effects on muscle morphology and contractility, and determine whether these molecular and cellular effects translate into clinical improvements in physical function.read more
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An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
François Maltais,Marc Decramer,Richard Casaburi,Esther Barreiro,Yan Burelle,Richard Debigaré,P. N. Richard Dekhuijzen,Frits M.E. Franssen,Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez,Joaquim Gea,Harry R. Gosker,Rik Gosselink,Maurice Hayot,Sabah N. A. Hussain,Wim Janssens,Micheal I. Polkey,Josep Roca,Didier Saey,Annemie M. W. J. Schols,Martijn A. Spruit,Michael C Steiner,Tanja Taivassalo,Thierry Troosters,Ioannis Vogiatzis,Peter D. Wagner +24 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this document is to update the 1999 ATS/ERS statement on limb muscle dysfunction in COPD with important advances in the understanding of the extent and nature of the structural alterations in limb muscles in patients with COPD.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Nonskeletal Effects of Vitamin D: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Clifford J. Rosen,John S. Adams,Daniel D. Bikle,Dennis M. Black,Marie B. Demay,JoAnn E. Manson,M. Hassan Murad,Christopher S. Kovacs +7 more
TL;DR: More studies are needed to definitively conclude that vitamin D can offer preventive and therapeutic benefits across a wide range of physiological states and chronic nonskeletal disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vitamin D — Effects on Skeletal and Extraskeletal Health and the Need for Supplementation
TL;DR: There remains some controversy regarding what blood level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D should be attained for both bone health and reducing risk for vitamin D deficiency associated acute and chronic diseases and how much vitamin DShould be supplemented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Skeletal muscle performance and ageing
TL;DR: A broad overview on the underlying mechanisms associated with elderly skeletal muscle performance is provided and major implications for scientists, clinicians, and health professionals who are developing therapeutic interventions aiming to enhance muscle function and/or prevent mobility and physical limitations are developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Inflammation in Age-Related Sarcopenia
TL;DR: The molecular interaction between inflammation, anabolic sensitivity and muscle protein metabolism in sarcopenic elderly will be addressed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lipid rafts and signal transduction
Kai Simons,Derek Toomre +1 more
TL;DR: It is now becoming clear that lipid micro-environments on the cell surface — known as lipid rafts — also take part in this process of signalling transduction, where protein–protein interactions result in the activation of signalling cascades.
Book
Vitamin D
TL;DR: In what case do you like reading so much? What about the type of the vitamin d the calcium homeostatic steroid hormone book? The needs to read? Well, everybody has their own reason why should read some books as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The 2011 Report on Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: What Clinicians Need to Know
A. Catharine Ross,JoAnn E. Manson,Steven A. Abrams,John F. Aloia,John F. Aloia,Patsy M. Brannon,Steven K. Clinton,Ramon Durazo-Arvizu,J. Christopher Gallagher,Richard L. Gallo,Glenville Jones,Christopher S. Kovacs,Susan Taylor Mayne,Clifford J. Rosen,Sue A. Shapses +14 more
TL;DR: The Committee concluded that the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in North America has been overestimated and urgent research and clinical priorities were identified, including reassessment of laboratory ranges for 25-hydroxyvitamin D, to avoid problems of both undertreatment and overtreatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community
Lesley D Gillespie,Mary Clare Robertson,William J Gillespie,Catherine Sherrington,Simon Gates,Lindy Clemson,Sarah E Lamb +6 more
TL;DR: These interventions were more effective in people at higher risk of falling, including those with severe visual impairment, and home safety interventions appear to be more effective when delivered by an occupational therapist.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D
TL;DR: An overview of the physiologic, endocrinologic, and molecular biologic characteristics of vitamin D is provided and information on new selective analogs of 1alpha,25-dihydroyvitamin D3 for therapy is provided.