Volatile chemical constituents of three Ocimum species (Lamiaceae) from Papua New Guinea (SPJNS)
01 Dec 2008-The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science (CSIRO PUBLISHING)-Vol. 26, Iss: 1, pp 25-27
TL;DR: In this article, the aerial parts of three species of basil, Ocimum basilicum, O. tacilium and O. canum were subjected to exhaustive hydrodistillation to afford pale yellow coloured oils in 1.0, 0.7 and 0.01 percent yields respectively.
Abstract: Fresh aerial parts of three species of basil, Ocimum basilicum, O. tacilium and O. canum were subjected to exhaustive hydrodistillation to afford pale yellow coloured oils in 1.0, 0.7 and 0.01 percent yields respectively. Detailed chemical evaluation by GC and GC/MS revealed O. basilicum to be composed of a total of eleven components representing 100 percent of the total oil composition. Neral (36.1 %) and geranial (44.5 %) were found to be the major components. Ocimum tacilium was found to be composed of five components representing 99.8 % of the total oil composition with estragole (96.6 %) being the major component. Five components were observed in O. canum, representing 72.3 percent of the total oil composition with eugenol (35.3 %) and linalool (27.2 %) as the major components. The high citral (neral + geranial) content in O. basilicum suggests that it belong to the citral chemotype while O. tacilium belong to the estragole chemotype and O. canum belong to the eugenol chemotype.
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TL;DR: This study showed that O. suave essential oils exhibited antibacterial activity against majority of the uropathogens, except Acinetobacter species, mean ZI of 10–22 mm and MIC of 0.78 – 22 μg/ml.
Abstract: To determine antibacterial activity of Ocimum suave essential oils against bacterial uropathogens.
22 citations
TL;DR: The yields of essential oil showed that Ocimum canum from Maweni-Dimani (2.06%) is higher than for Ivoini-Mitsamihouli (1.4%) and the antimicrobial activity of two essential oils of two sources has been studied against eleven microorganisms.
Abstract: Ce travail vise l’etude de l’activite antifongique et antibacterienne et la composition chimique de deux lots d’huiles essentielles d’Ocimum canum Sims, recoltees dans deux regions de l’ile de la Grande Comore: Maweni-Dimani et Ivoini-Mitsamihouli. Le rendement en huile essentielle d’Ocimum canum de Maweni-Dimani (2,06%) est superieur a celui de d’Ivoini-Mitsamihouli (1,4%). La premiere provenance presente le 1,8-cineole (48,88 %), le camphre (14,98%), l’α-pinene (5,71%), β-pinene (4,66%) et γ-elemene (3,91%) comme constituants majoritaires. L’huile essentielle d’Ocimum canum de provenance d’Ivoini-Mitsamihouli est constituee majoritairement par le 1,8-cineole (34,22%), le camphre (13,69%), le propanoate d’isopropyle (9,13%), le γ-elemene (5,43%) et l’α-pinene (3,83%). Les tests biologiques ont montre que les huiles essentielles des deux provenances sont actives contre tous les micro-organismes testes.
16 citations
TL;DR: The n-butanol and water fractions of O. suave aqueous leaves extract have potential analgesic and antipyretic activity in mice and produced significant reduction in yeast induced fever at all doses employed.
Abstract: BACKGROUND : Ocimum suave willd is one of the plants traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation and related disorders in different parts of Ethiopia. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the analgesic and antipyretic activities of the solvent fractions (n-butanol and water) of O. suave aqueous leaves extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Acetic acid writhing and tail flick tests were used to evaluate the analgesic activity, and yeast-induced fever in mice was used to evaluate the antipyretic activity of the solvent fractions. RESULTS : Both solvent fractions exhibited inhibitory effect against acetic acid induced writhing at all tested dose levels in a dose dependent manner. The water fraction inhibited writhing by 47.69% at a dose of 200 mg/kg which was comparable to that by ASA, the standard drug. In the tail flick test, 200 mg/kg dose of both solvent fractions showed significant activity (P<0.05) after 0.5h, 1h and 3hrs of their administration. Both n- butanol and water fractions produced significant reduction in yeast induced fever at all doses employed. CONCLUSION : From these findings, it can be concluded that the n-butanol and water fractions of O. suave aqueous leaves extract have potential analgesic and antipyretic activity in mice. KEYWORDS : Analgesic, antipyretic, writhing, tail flick, O. suave, water fraction, butanol fraction
7 citations
Cites background from "Volatile chemical constituents of t..."
...considered economically useful because of their basic natural characteristics as essential oil producers (9)....
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TL;DR: The findings of this work showed the promising anticancer effects of both oils against total cell lines with a potential for use as natural alternatives to synthetic drugs; however, there was only an antibacterial effect against Streptococcus agalactiae.
Abstract: Ocimum plants are of great interest to traditional medicine in the history of several civilizations, particularly in terms of chronic human diseases. Essential oils obtained from this genus have also been used as therapeutic agents. In this present work, two plants of the Ocimum species from Djibouti, Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum americanum L., were subjected to hydrodistillation to obtain their essential oils. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to determine the chemical composition of both essential oils. Linalool (41.2%) and estragole (30.1%) are the major compounds among the 37 compounds that have been identified in the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. (EOOB), and carvotanacetol (38.4%) and estragole (27.5%) are the main compounds among the 42 compounds that have been identified in the essential oil of Ocimum americanum L. (EOOA). Morever, the cytotoxic activity of EOs was evaluated against 13 human cancer cell lines (K562, A549, HCT116, PC3, U87-MG, MIA-Paca2, HEK293, NCI-N87, RT4, U2OS, A2780, MRC -5 and JIMT-T1) using a luminescence spectrophotometric method; hence, the oils showed significant cytotoxic activities. The antibacterial activities of the oils were assayed on five Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Corynebacterium sp.) and seven Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium and Enterobacter cloacae) by agar disc diffusion methods. Both essential oils exhibited moderate activities against Streptococcus agalactiae, and thus each has an activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for EOOB and against Enterobacter cloacae for EOOA, while the others are negative. The findings of this work showed the promising anticancer effects of both oils against total cell lines with a potential for use as natural alternatives to synthetic drugs; however, there was only an antibacterial effect against Streptococcus agalactiae.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, le rendement et la composition chimique de l'huile de Ocimum canum Sims (Lamiaceae) varient selon le temps et l'ensoleillement.
Abstract: L’huile essentielle de Ocimum canum Sims ( Lamiaceae ) obtenue par hydrodiffusion a differents moments de la journee a ete analysee par GC/FID et GC/SM puis testee sur differentes bacteries par la microtechnique de dilution. Le rendement et la composition chimique de l’huile varient selon le temps et l’ensoleillement. Abondant le matin a 7 heures (1,71±0,01%), le rendement decroit progressivement avec l’augmentation des rayons solaires, jusqu’a son minimum a 13 heures (1,35±0,01%) quand le soleil est au zenith, avant de croitre a nouveau a sa valeur la plus elevee (1,78±0,02% a 19 h) au couche du soleil. Plus de 54 composes representant pres de 98% des hydrodiffusats, ont ete identifies dans les differents echantillons. Les principaux sont : α-thujene (5,56 a 7,85%), β-myrcene (2 a 6,94%), δ-3-carene (3,07 a 4,84%), p-cymene (14,61 a 22,8%), g-terpinene (6,05 a 10,7%), carvacrol (7,94 a 30,8%), β-caryophyllene (0,15 a 18,86%) et β- selinene (2,74 a 14,41%). Les taux de certains constituants comme β-caryophyllene et β-selinene croissent avec l’ensoleillement contrairement a ceux du carvacrol, p-cymene. Cette variation diurne perturbe la synergie d’action des constituants de l’huile qui presentent une forte activite inhibitrice (0,38 a 7,19 mg/ml) sur Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25923, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19609 et Staphylococcus aureus resistante 1199B NorA. Les huiles obtenues a 7 heures et 19 heures sont les plus efficaces a faible concentration (0,38 a 2,88 mg/ml). Pour la premiere fois, l'interaction est demontree entre variation diurne de la composition chimique et proprietes antimicrobiennes de l'huile essentielle de Ocimum canum Sims du Benin. Keywords : Ocimum americanum , composes volatils, Chemotype a carvacrol Variation diurne-Activite antibacterienne
6 citations
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Journal Article•
7,249 citations
"Volatile chemical constituents of t..." refers background in this paper
...The individual compounds in the oil were identified on the basis of their retention indices relative to known compounds, and further by comparison of their mass spectra with the authentic compounds or published spectral data (Adams, 1995)....
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Book•
28 Feb 2007
2,463 citations
TL;DR: A system for the classification of essential oil chemotypes in O. basilicum is proposed because of the chemical heterogeneity of this taxon and its use as an essential oil-producing crop, culinary herb, medicinal plant and insect-controlling agent, in which chemicals play an important role.
344 citations
"Volatile chemical constituents of t..." refers background or methods in this paper
...On the basis of the chemical biogenesis as proposed earlier (Lawrence, 1992; Grayer et al. 1996), O....
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...basilicum from different geographical localities led to the classification of basil into chemotypes on the basis of the prevalent chemical components (Lawrence, 1992) or components having composition greater than 20 percent (Grayer et al. 1996)....
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...…difference in the essential oil compositions in O. basilicum from different geographical localities led to the classification of basil into chemotypes on the basis of the prevalent chemical components (Lawrence, 1992) or components having composition greater than 20 percent (Grayer et al. 1996)....
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...On the basis of the chemical biogenesis as proposed earlier (Lawrence, 1992; Grayer et al. 1996), O. basilicum is composed predominantly of the terpenic group and is therefore derived from a single mevalonic acid biosynthetic pathway....
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TL;DR: The results of the current study indicate the need for further investigations to understand the antimicrobial effects of basil oils in the presence of other food ingredients and preservation parameters.
Abstract: Essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from five different varieties of Ocimum basilicum L. plants (Anise, Bush, Cinnamon, Dark Opal and a commercial sample of dried basil) were examined for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of foodborne Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, yeasts and moulds by an agar well diffusion method. All five essential oils of basil showed antimicrobial activity against most of the organisms tested with the exception of Flavimonas oryzihabitans and Pseudomonas species. The inhibitory effect of Anise oil, in comparison with mixtures of the predominant components of pure linalool and methyl chavicol, against the acid-tolerant organisms, Lactobacillus curvatus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was examined in broth by an indirect impedance method. Synergistic effects between Anise oil, low pH (pH 4.2) and salt (5% NaCl) were determined. The antimicrobial effect of Anise oil was also assessed in a tomato juice medium by direct viable count, showing that the growth of Lact. curvatus and S. cerevisiae was completely inhibited by 0.1% and 1% Anise oil, respectively. The results of the current study indicate the need for further investigations to understand the antimicrobial effects of basil oils in the presence of other food ingredients and preservation parameters.
172 citations
"Volatile chemical constituents of t..." refers background in this paper
...The chemical compositions in the basils studied are composed mainly of monoterpenes or sesquiterpenes with predominant features representing the terpenic chemotype group such as linalool and geraniol or the phenylpropenic chemotype groups, while the observed biological activities are attributable to either the individual components within the matrix of the oil or due to a synergistic effect of the components (Lachowicz et al. 1998; Sinha and Gulani, 1990; Holm, 1999; Vasudaran et al. 1999; Carleton et al. 1992; Svoboda et al. 2003)....
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...…while the observed biological activities are attributable to either the individual components within the matrix of the oil or due to a synergistic effect of the components (Lachowicz et al. 1998; Sinha and Gulani, 1990; Holm, 1999; Vasudaran et al. 1999; Carleton et al. 1992; Svoboda et al. 2003)....
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139 citations