Welding Metallurgy of
01 Jan 1987-
About: The article was published on 1987-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 991 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Welding.
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TL;DR: In this paper , a study aimed at determining any combined effects of the presence of whey protein (WP) and welding-induced weaknesses on corrosion and metal release, and determining the appropriate welding procedure and filler metal (316 L, 309 L, 312).
Abstract: Abstract Stainless steel ASTM 316 L is often used in the food industry as contact material with protein-rich dairy products. It has to be welded at some locations for many of these contact materials. This study aimed at i) determining any combined effects of the presence of whey protein (WP) and welding-induced weaknesses on corrosion and metal release, and ii) determining the appropriate welding procedure and filler metal (316 L, 309 L, 312). All weld metals (WMs) showed a higher pitting corrosion susceptibility as compared to the base metal (BM). Under induced friction (stirring), WP significantly enhanced the metal release from all materials, which was accelerated between 1 and 3 days of exposure. Post-imaging indicated pits. 312-WM released significantly higher amounts of metals as compared to the BM and the other WMs. This study indicated that the presence of WP, friction, and weldment-induced corrosion susceptibilities could synergistically cause metal release and corrosion of food contact materials.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a controlled short circuiting gas metal arc welding (CSC-GMAW) was investigated as a potential solid freeform fabrication (SFF) process for AA2199.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the deformation in different parts (extruded and forged base materials as well as EB and FSW welds) of the corrosion barrier copper canister for final disposal of spent nuclear fuel was studied using tensile testing, optical strain measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD).
Abstract: Localization of plastic deformation in different parts (extruded and forged base materials as well as EB and FSW welds) of the corrosion barrier copper canister for final disposal of spent nuclear fuel was studied using tensile testing, optical strain measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD). Results show that in the base materials plastic deformation occurs very uniformly. In FSW welds the deformation localizes in the weld either at the processing line or at a line of entrapped oxide particles. In EB welds the deformation localizes to the equally oriented large grains at the weld centreline or at the steep grain size gradient in the fusion line.
4 citations
Cites background from "Welding Metallurgy of"
...Solidification initiates epitaxially on the base material on both sides of the weld [5]....
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TL;DR: In this article , the transverse motion weldability (TMW) test was applied to the 2000-, 6000- and 7000-series Al alloys but not the 5000-series.
Abstract: The recently developed transverse-motion weldability (TMW) test, in which a motor pushes the lower sheet in lap welding at velocity V to induce solidification cracking, has been applied to the 2000-, 6000- and 7000-series Al alloys but not the 5000-series. Here, alloy 5052 was TMW-tested under essentially identical conditions including the motor torque that caused the pushing force on the lower sheet. Surprisingly, the fracture surface of the fusion zone was flat instead of dendritic as expected from solidification cracking. When the torque was set at lower levels, a higher V was required to cause cracking, but the fracture surface became dendritic. The torque effect on cracking in alloy 5052 was discussed, and alloy 2219 was also tested for comparison.
4 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A review of dimensioning standards appertaining to immediate strength and durability shows that it is common practice to ignore residual stresses as mentioned in this paper, especially in areas of maximum strain such as notches.
Abstract: A review of dimensioning standards appertaining to immediate strength and durability shows that it is common practice to ignore residual stresses. Such stresses can occur as ta result of machining, forming moulding, welding, heat treatment, casting or phase changes of a given material [1–4]. The practice of ignoring residual stresses might be attributed to a lack of methods for determining its spatial distribution, especially in areas of maximum strain such as notches. It is even suggested [5] that the influence of residual stress should be ignored when dimensioning complicated welded objects, because of the lack of satisfactory methods for determining the condition of such objects after being subjected to such stress processes. The influence of the manufacturing processes on the initial distribution of stresses within load bearing elements of machine components (i.e. as distinct from strain occurring later, during exploitation) is vital in view of the immediate strength as well as the ultimate durability of these elements. When these strain forces are later superimposed by strain forces occurring during exploitation, this often leads to premature failures or lower durability. Of course, in certain cases residual stress can also have
4 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the state of the art in selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/SLM) processing of aluminium powders is reviewed from different perspectives, including powder metallurgy (P/M), pulsed electric current (PECS), and laser welding of aluminium alloys.
1,172 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the pre-existing dislocation network, which maintains its configuration during the entire plastic deformation, is an ideal modulator that is able to slow down but not entirely block the dislocation motion.
557 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental understanding of structure-properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds is discussed. And a brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.
Abstract: Spot welding, particularly resistance spot welding (RSW), is a critical joining process in automotive industry. The development of advanced high strength steels for applications in automotive industry is accompanied with a challenge to better understand the physical and mechanical metallurgy of these materials during RSW. The present paper critically reviews the fundamental understanding of structure–properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds. The focus is on the metallurgical characteristics, hardness–microstructure correlation, interfacial to pullout failure mode transition and mechanical performance of steel resistance spot welds under quasi-static, fatigue and impact loading conditions. A brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.
369 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a unified equation to compute the energy density is proposed to compare works performed with distinct equipment and experimental conditions, covering the major process parameters: power, travel speed, heat source dimension, hatch distance, deposited layer thickness and material grain size.
369 citations
TL;DR: This study attempted to predict solidification defects by DNN regression with a small dataset that contains 487 data points and found that a pre-trained and fine-tuned DNN shows better generalization performance over shallow neural network, support vector machine, and DNN trained by conventional methods.
314 citations