Welding Metallurgy of
01 Jan 1987-
About: The article was published on 1987-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 991 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Welding.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an attempt is made to join nickel-based alloy 825 by employing CO2 laser beam welding, and a successful full penetration weld joint of a 5'mm thick plate is achieved with a very low heat input of 120'J-mm−1.
28 citations
Cites background from "Welding Metallurgy of"
...with the other elements at higher temperatures [1,45]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of the crater formed in a GMAW of aluminum alloy 6005-T4 was studied and the final weld bead shape and dimensions were obtained.
28 citations
Cites background from "Welding Metallurgy of"
...It is believed that the crater cracking in GMAW of aluminum alloys belongs to solidification cracking [1,42]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the tensile strength efficiency and elongation properties of laser metal inert gas (MIG) welded dissimilar Mg-Al-Zn alloys (from AZ31B to AZ61) are studied.
Abstract: Bead shape, microstructure changes and mechanical properties of laser metal inert gas (MIG) welded dissimilar Mg–Al–Zn alloys (from AZ31B to AZ61) are studied. The results show that heat ratio of arc to laser (HRAL) and welding speed are dominant parameters for achieving good tensile strength efficiency and elongation property. From AZ31B to AZ61, microstructure changes are observed as cellular dendrites to equiaxed dendrites and fish bone dendrites in the upper part of hybrid weld. Besides, at weld centreline, the solidification structure of lower part is finer than that of upper part. In this study, the maximum tensile strength efficiency and elongation reached 97·6 and 7% respectively. When the HRAL matches welding speed well, the joint achieves higher tensile strength with 45° shearing fracture at heat affected zone because of fewer defects. However, when utilising too low HRAL or fast welding speed, the joints show lower tensile strengths with nearly vertical fracture at fusion zone.
28 citations
Cites background or methods from "Welding Metallurgy of"
...The AZ61 side has a better developed dendrite structure than the AZ31B side because the solute content and hence constitutional supercooling are higher on the AZ61 side.(27) The microstructure close to BM-AZ31B is cellular dendrites; while that close to BM AZ61 is fish bone dendrites....
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...They are mainly caused by liquation and subsequent solidification in the HAZ.(27) As shown in Fig....
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...Besides, as compared to MIG welding, in laser MIG welding, the laser beam provides additional heating at the weld centreline and perhaps reduces the cooling rate at weld centerline.(27) Therefore, in the ArcZ, the solidification structure of weld centreline in Fig....
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...They are mainly caused by liquation and subsequent solidification in the HAZ.27 As shown in Fig....
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TL;DR: In this article, a systematic parametric study has been made in pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding to understand the energy transfer modes and four different energy transfer zones, namely conduction, transition, penetration and keyhole, have been identified.
Abstract: A systematic parametric study has been made in pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding to understand the energy transfer modes. Four different energy transfer zones, namely conduction, transition, penetration, and keyhole, have been identified. The traditional classification of energy transfer modes based on the power density value of 106 W/cm2 is not strictly applicable as the transfer mode varies with pulse duration. The threshold power density to form keyhole is not constant, but the threshold energy density has been found to be invariant around 2.4 kJ/cm2. The pulse duration has been optimized to be of about 8 ms to achieve welds of higher aspect ratio.
28 citations
Cites background from "Welding Metallurgy of"
...At weld center, due to the nature of keyhole formation and successive dendritic fragmentation, equiaxed grains are observed [22]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a Gleeble-simulated microstructure of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welded grade 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) has been produced.
28 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the state of the art in selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/SLM) processing of aluminium powders is reviewed from different perspectives, including powder metallurgy (P/M), pulsed electric current (PECS), and laser welding of aluminium alloys.
1,172 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the pre-existing dislocation network, which maintains its configuration during the entire plastic deformation, is an ideal modulator that is able to slow down but not entirely block the dislocation motion.
557 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental understanding of structure-properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds is discussed. And a brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.
Abstract: Spot welding, particularly resistance spot welding (RSW), is a critical joining process in automotive industry. The development of advanced high strength steels for applications in automotive industry is accompanied with a challenge to better understand the physical and mechanical metallurgy of these materials during RSW. The present paper critically reviews the fundamental understanding of structure–properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds. The focus is on the metallurgical characteristics, hardness–microstructure correlation, interfacial to pullout failure mode transition and mechanical performance of steel resistance spot welds under quasi-static, fatigue and impact loading conditions. A brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.
369 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a unified equation to compute the energy density is proposed to compare works performed with distinct equipment and experimental conditions, covering the major process parameters: power, travel speed, heat source dimension, hatch distance, deposited layer thickness and material grain size.
369 citations
TL;DR: This study attempted to predict solidification defects by DNN regression with a small dataset that contains 487 data points and found that a pre-trained and fine-tuned DNN shows better generalization performance over shallow neural network, support vector machine, and DNN trained by conventional methods.
314 citations