Welding Metallurgy of

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Welding Metallurgy of

01 Jan 1987-

About: The article was published on 1987-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 991 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Welding.

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Journal Article•DOI•

A review on selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/SLM) of aluminium alloy powders: Processing, microstructure, and properties

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E. O. Olakanmi¹, E. O. Olakanmi², Robert F. Cochrane¹, Kenneth Dalgarno³•Institutions (3)

University of Leeds¹, Federal University of Technology Minna², Newcastle University³

01 Oct 2015-Progress in Materials Science

TL;DR: In this article, the state of the art in selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/SLM) processing of aluminium powders is reviewed from different perspectives, including powder metallurgy (P/M), pulsed electric current (PECS), and laser welding of aluminium alloys.

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1,172 citations

Cites background from "Welding Metallurgy of"

...(......................................................3/)(16 33* VSL GSG ∆=∆ θπγ According to Kou [144] and Savage [145], growth of the solid in fusion welding is perceived as being initiated by epitaxial growth from the substrate and proceeds by competitive growth toward the center line of the weld....
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...100 the predominant mechanism of solidification in fusion welding is the competitive growth in the weld fusion zone, Kou [144] identified and discussed the details of other mechanisms such as dendrite fragmentation, grain detachment, heterogeneous nucleation and surface nucl eatio that may tend can interrupt and/or dominate the solidification structure in fusion welding....
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...According to Kou [144] and Savage [145], growth of the solid in fusion welding is...
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...Whereas, the predominant mechanism of solidification in fusion welding is the competitive growth in the weld fusion zone, Kou [144] identified and discussed the details of other mechanisms such as dendrite fragmentation, grain detachment, heterogeneous nucleation and surface nucleatio that may tend can interrupt and/or dominate the solidification structure in fusion welding....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Dislocation network in additive manufactured steel breaks strength–ductility trade-off

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Leifeng Liu¹, Qingqing Ding², Yuan Zhong¹, Ji Zou³, Jing Wu³, Yu-Lung Chiu³, Jixue Li², Ze Zhang², Qian Yu², Zhijian Shen¹ - Show less +6 more•Institutions (3)

Stockholm University¹, Zhejiang University², University of Birmingham³

06 Dec 2017-Materials Today

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the pre-existing dislocation network, which maintains its configuration during the entire plastic deformation, is an ideal modulator that is able to slow down but not entirely block the dislocation motion.

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557 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Critical review of automotive steels spot welding: process, structure and properties

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Majid Pouranvari¹, S. P. H. Marashi²•Institutions (2)

Islamic Azad University¹, Amirkabir University of Technology²

18 Nov 2013-Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental understanding of structure-properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds is discussed. And a brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.

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Abstract: Spot welding, particularly resistance spot welding (RSW), is a critical joining process in automotive industry. The development of advanced high strength steels for applications in automotive industry is accompanied with a challenge to better understand the physical and mechanical metallurgy of these materials during RSW. The present paper critically reviews the fundamental understanding of structure–properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds. The focus is on the metallurgical characteristics, hardness–microstructure correlation, interfacial to pullout failure mode transition and mechanical performance of steel resistance spot welds under quasi-static, fatigue and impact loading conditions. A brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.

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369 citations

Cites background from "Welding Metallurgy of"

...Despite the fact that Schaeffler diagram predicts two phases (austenite plus ferrite) in the FZ of AISI 304 weld nugget microstructure, under rapid solidification conditions such as laser beam welding, a shift in solidification mode may occur.(90) It is generally believed that the change in solidification mode can often result in a fully austenitic microstructure compared to the two phase (ferrite plus austenite) microstructure that is commonly found after primary ferrite solidification....
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...In coarse grained region, which is beside the FZ, both high cooling rate and large austenite grain size coupled with the formation of the carbon rich austenite promote the formation of the martensite.(90) Figure 15 shows the microstructure gradient in TRIP780 RSW....
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...The HAZ in carbon steel weldments can be divided into three distinct subregions: (i) upper critical HAZ (UCHAZ): This region experiences peak temperatures above Ac3 transforming BM microstructure into austenite.(90) Depending on the peak temperature the supercritical HAZ can be divided to the following zones: coarse grained HAZ (CGHAZ) and fine grained HAZ....
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...It is generally believed that the change in solidification mode can often result in a fully austenitic microstructure compared to the two phase (ferrite plus austenite) microstructure that is commonly found after primary ferrite solidification.(90,95,96) Although the change in solidification mode of stainless steel in RSW has not been studied yet, very high cooling rate in RSW process can explain the formation of a fully austenitic weld nugget, as it is the case for laser beam welding....
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...If this temperature is above Mf, there can be untransformed austenite left in the FZ and it can redecompose to untempered martensite upon cooling to room temperature after tempering.(90) For a particular tempering time and tempering current, there is a minimum cooling time to achieve PF mode....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Revisiting fundamental welding concepts to improve additive manufacturing: From theory to practice

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João Pedro Oliveira¹, Telmo G. Santos¹, Rosa Maria Mendes Miranda¹•Institutions (1)

University of Lisbon¹

01 Jan 2020-Progress in Materials Science

TL;DR: In this article, a unified equation to compute the energy density is proposed to compare works performed with distinct equipment and experimental conditions, covering the major process parameters: power, travel speed, heat source dimension, hatch distance, deposited layer thickness and material grain size.

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369 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Using deep neural network with small dataset to predict material defects

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Shuo Feng¹, Huiyu Zhou¹, Hongbiao Dong¹•Institutions (1)

University of Leicester¹

15 Jan 2019-Materials & Design

TL;DR: This study attempted to predict solidification defects by DNN regression with a small dataset that contains 487 data points and found that a pre-trained and fine-tuned DNN shows better generalization performance over shallow neural network, support vector machine, and DNN trained by conventional methods.

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314 citations

Cites background from "Welding Metallurgy of"

...Solidification crack is one of the most serious defects which occurs widely in welding [27,28], casting [29–31] and additive manufacturing (AM) [32,33], which occurs at the last stage of solidification when liquid films exist between dendrites boundaries where local strains cannot be accommodated by liquid feeding and solid deformation....
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References

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Soldagem do aço AISI 8630 modificado

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Wilian Paula Coelho, Yuri Rezende Guimarães Nogueira

10 Apr 2015

TL;DR: The presente trabalho consiste em um estudo detalhado da soldagem de acos baixa liga temperados e revenidos, e da analise de um procedimento de soldageme, anteriormente qualificado, for soldagema de uniao do aco AISI 8630 modificado as discussed by the authors.

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Abstract: Acos baixa liga temperados e revenidos sao utilizados em diversas aplicacoes, dentre as quais serao destacadas neste trabalho aquelas onde a soldagem e parte do processo de fabricacao de equipamentos compostos por estes materiais. O presente trabalho consiste em um estudo detalhado da soldagem de acos baixa liga temperados e revenidos, e da analise de um procedimento de soldagem, anteriormente qualificado, para soldagem de uniao do aco AISI 8630 modificado. Apos o estudo e levantamento das informacoes tecnicas do procedimento sao realizadas observacoes onde sao feitas correlacoes entre o estudo previo da revisao bibliografica e os aspectos analisados na qualificacao da EPS.

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2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Resistência à Corrosão de Juntas Dissimilares dos Aços AISI 316L e da Liga Inconel 718

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Gianne Moreira da Silva¹, Elivelton Alves Ferreira¹, José Adilson de Castro¹•Institutions (1)

Federal Fluminense University¹

21 Oct 2019-Soldagem & Inspecao

TL;DR: In this paper, a trabalho foi abordada a susceptibilidade a corrosao da junta de uniao (feita por soldagem TIG -Tungsten Inert Gas), de forma autogena, de dois materiais distintos: Inconel 718 and o aco AISI 316L.

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Abstract: Resumo A soldagem dissimilar (Dissimilar Metal Welds – DMWs), uniao de dois diferentes materiais metalicos, tem muitas aplicacoes industriais, com destaque para trocadores de calor nas usinas nucleares. Portanto, devem resistir a corrosao e a esforcos mecânicos, entre outros requisitos. Neste trabalho foi abordada a susceptibilidade a corrosao da junta de uniao (feita por soldagem TIG – Tungsten Inert Gas), de forma autogena, de dois materiais distintos: Inconel 718 e o aco AISI 316L. Foram realizadas soldagens sob diferentes condicoes de aportes termicos e correspondentes quantificacoes de fases utilizando microscopias e ferritoscopia e correlacionadas com o comportamento eletroquimico desta uniao em meios contendo cloretos. As analises microscopicas e ferromagneticas mostraram que nao houve formacao da fase sigma durante a soldagem e a existencia de altos teores de ferrita na regiao da zona fundida proxima a ZAC (zona afetada pelo calor) do aco 316L. Os ensaios eletroquimicos de corrosao mostram que as amostras nas diferentes regioes apresentaram a seguinte ordem decrescente de resistencia a corrosao localizada: Amostra com maior aporte termico (0,50 J/mm), na interface ZF/Inconel > Amostra com menor aporte termico (0,33 J/mm) na interface ZF/Inconel > Amostra com menor aporte termico, na interface ZF/316L > Amostra com maior aporte termico, na interface ZF/316L> aco 316L. Finalmente, os diferentes aportes termicos nao provocaram diminuicao da resistencia a corrosao comparados ao aco 316L nas diferentes regioes de solda.

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2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Comparison of Porosity Evaluation Methods Using the Example of Dissimilar Metal Joints

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Dmitry Kurushkin¹, Igor Mushnikov¹, Evgenii Rylkov¹, Fedor Isupov¹, Oleg Panchenko¹, Iurii Golubev² - Show less +2 more•Institutions (2)

Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University¹, Brandenburg University of Technology²

01 Sep 2019-Key Engineering Materials

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of porosity evaluation methods was held using the sample of welded-brazed zinc coated steel and Al-Mg-alloy plates joint.

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Abstract: Welded metal porosity significantly influences the mechanical properties of dissimilar metal joints. In this study, the comparison of porosity evaluation methods was held using the sample of welded-brazed zinc coated steel and Al-Mg-alloy plates joint. Relative porosity was measured through cross-sections’ images area analysis, as well as it was evaluated through 3D-fitting of spotted on these images pores. Area and size of pores was measured, volume and distribution were evaluated. It was found that relative porosity values estimated by 2D and 3D methods are equal.

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2 citations

A numerical study of heat transfer behavior in welding

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Yasar Vehbi Isiklar

01 Jun 1998

TL;DR: In this paper, a numerical model has been developed for three-dimensional transient conduction based temperature calculations in underwater wet welding on a thick rectangular plate, which is based on a fully implicit finite volume method.

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Abstract: : A numerical model has been developed for three-dimensional transient conduction based temperature calculations in underwater wet welding on a thick rectangular plate. The numerical scheme is based on a fully implicit finite volume method. A variable mesh size centered around the moving heat source, and temperature dependent thermal properties have been used in the calculations. Convective, radiative and boiling surface thermal conditions have also been inciuded. The weld pool region itself has been modeled as a solid region of thermal conductivity higher than the surrounding unmelted region. The validity of the results was checked by comparison with Rosenthal's three-dimensional solution for a moving point heat source, and other results in the literature.

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2 citations

Journal Article•

Study effect of tig welding process parameters on mechanical properties of ss-304 -a review

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Hiren M Bopaliya, Manhar S Kagthara

01 Jan 2016-International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the properties of SS-304, for example, quality, hardness, malleability, and grain structure, modulus of elasticity and HAZ.

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Abstract: Welding is one of the generally utilized assembling procedure. Tungsten Inert Gas welding is a procedure that delivers electric circular segment kept up between a nonconsumable tungsten electrode and the part to be welded. The warmth influenced zone, the tungsten terminal and the liquid metal are all protected from environmental tainting by a cover of dormant gas nourished through TIG light. Idle gas has latent substance properties. In these paper mechanical properties of SS-304, for example, quality, hardness, malleability, and grain structure, modulus of elasticity and HAZ were concentrated on and looked into. This paper additionally manages process parameters of TIG welding, for example, welding current, voltage and travel speed with the assistance of Taguchi technique.

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2 citations