Journal ArticleDOI
When authorship fails: A proposal to make contributors accountable
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TLDR
The requirement that all participants be named as contributors will eliminate the artificial distinction between authors and acknowledgees and will enhance the integrity of publication.Abstract:
A published article is the primary means whereby new work is communicated, priority is established, and academic promotion is determined. Publication depends on trust and requires that authors be held to standards of honesty, completeness, and fairness in their reporting, and to accountability for their statements. The system of authorship, while appropriate for articles with only 1 author, has become inappropriate as the average number of authors of an article has increased; as the work of coauthors has become more specialized and relationships between them have become more complex; and as both credit and, even more, responsibility have become obscured and diluted. Credit and accountability cannot be assessed unless the contributions of those named as authors are disclosed to readers, so the system is flawed. We argue for a radical conceptual and systematic change, to reflect the realities of multiple authorship and to buttress accountability. We propose dropping the outmoded notion of author in favor of the more useful and realistic one of contributor. This requires disclosure to readers of the contributions made to the research and to the manuscript by the contributors, so that they can accept both credit and responsibility. In addition, certain named contributors take on the role of guarantor for the integrity of the entire work. The requirement that all participants be named as contributors will eliminate the artificial distinction between authors and acknowledgees and will enhance the integrity of publication.read more
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Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation.
Larissa Shamseer,David Moher,Mike Clarke,Davina Ghersi,Alessandro Liberati,Mark Petticrew,Paul G. Shekelle,Lesley A. Stewart +7 more
TL;DR: The PRISMA-P checklist as mentioned in this paper provides 17 items considered to be essential and minimum components of a systematic review or meta-analysis protocol, as well as a model example from an existing published protocol.
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SPIRIT 2013 explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials
An-Wen Chan,Jennifer Tetzlaff,Peter C Gøtzsche,Douglas G. Altman,Howard Mann,Jesse A. Berlin,Kay Dickersin,Asbjørn Hróbjartsson,Kenneth F. Schulz,Wendy R. Parulekar,Karmela Krleza-Jeric,Andreas Laupacis,David Moher,David Moher +13 more
TL;DR: The SPIRIT 2013 Explanation and Elaboration paper provides important information to promote full understanding of the checklist recommendations and strongly recommends that this explanatory paper be used in conjunction with the SPIRit Statement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Who is an author
TL;DR: The European Journal of Heart Failure complies with the definitions of authorship as outlined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors which is available online at: http://www.icmje.org.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of articles with honorary authors and ghost authors in peer-reviewed medical journals.
Annette Flanagin,Lisa A. Carey,Phil B. Fontanarosa,Stephanie G. Phillips,Brian P. Pace,George D. Lundberg,Drummond Rennie +6 more
TL;DR: A substantial proportion of articles in peer-reviewed medical journals demonstrate evidence of honorary authors or ghost authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hyperauthorship: A postmodern perversion or evidence of a structural shift in scholarly communication practices?
TL;DR: The wider implications of the ‘hyperauthorship’ phenomenon for scholarly publication are considered and it is proposed that authors be replaced by lists of contributors (the radical model), whose specific inputs to a given study would be recorded unambiguously.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ISIS-4: a randomised factorial trial assessing early oral captopril, oral mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulphate in 58,050 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. ISIS-4 (Fourth International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group.
Rory Collins,Richard Peto,Marcus Flather,Sarah Parish,Peter Sleight,M Conway,A Pipilis,Colin Baigent,D Barnett,J P Boissel,Andrzej Budaj,John A. Cairns,L Ceremuzynski,Alexander T. Cohen,G Debacker,Rafael Diaz,F Dienstl,P Dove,MariaGrazia Franzosi,Genoni M,D Halon,J Heikkila,Charles H. Hennekens,J Horgan,D Hunt,R Kala,N Karatzas,Anthony C Keech,Matyas Keltai,J Kjekshus,M Kornitzer,R Koster,P Landless,P Lechleitner,Alain Leizorovicz,B Lewis,L Lundkvist,Stephen MacMahon,Aldo P. Maggioni,R Malacrida,T Meyer,Tiziano Moccetti,D Ocallaghan,Ernesto Paolasso,Leopoldo S. Piegas,A Reikvam,Paul M. Ridker,T Ryan,R Schroder,R Seabragomes,J Sousa,G Tognoni,Alexander G.G. Turpie,Valentin,J Varigos,H White,L Wilhelmsen,K Woods,Salim Yusuf,A Piombo,L Guzman,D Montenegro,G Irusta,R Schneider,C Cuneo,B Chamorro,G Espinosa,M Moreno,M Rios,Richard Doll,Keith A.A. Fox,D Julian,P Meier,E Sandoya,J Perez +74 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the effects of three different treatment regimens (captopril, controlled-release mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulphate) for acute myocardial infarction.
Journal Article
ISIS-4 - A randomised factorial assessing early oral captopril, oral mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulphate in 58.050 patient with suspected acute myocardial-infarction.
Rory Collins,Richard Peto,Marcus Flather,Sarah Parish,Peter Sleight,M Conway,A Pipilis,Colin Baigent,D Barnett,J P Boissel,Andrzej Budaj,John A. Cairns,Leszek Ceremużyński,Af Cohen,Gui De Backer,Rafael Diaz,F Dienstl,P Dove,Mg Franzosi,Genoni M,Da Halon,J Heikkila,Charles H. Hennekens,J Horgan,David M. Hunt,R Kala,N Karatzas,Anthony C Keech,Matyas Keltai,J Kjekshus,M Kornitzer,R Koster,P Landless,P Lechleitner,Alain Leizorovicz,Bs Lewis,L Lundkvist,Stephen MacMahon,Aldo P. Maggioni,R Malacrida,T Meyer,Tiziano Moccetti,D Ocallaghan,Ernesto Paolasso,Ls Piegas,A Reikvam,Paul M. Ridker,T Ryan,R Schroder,R Seabragomes,Jemr Sousa,G Tognoni,Alexander G.G. Turpie,Valentin,John Varigos,H White,L Wilhelmsen,K Woods,Salim Yusuf,A Piombo,La Guzman,Dc Montenegro,G Irusta,Ra Schneider,C Cuneo,Bh Chamorro,Ge Espinosa,M Moreno,Mm Rios,Richard Doll,Keith A.A. Fox,D Julian,P Meier,E Sandoya,Je Perez +74 more
TL;DR: 58,050 patients entering hospitals up to 24 h after the onset of suspected acute myocardial infarction with no clear contraindications to the study treatments were randomised in a "2 x 2 x 2 factorial" study, reassuring a bout the safety of using nitrates early in acute MI.
Journal ArticleDOI
The contributions of authors to multiauthored biomedical research papers
TL;DR: The nature and extent of contributions of nonfirst authors to biomedical research reported in multiauthored papers cannot reliably be discerned by authorship or order of authors.
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