Book•
When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry
01 Jan 2003-
TL;DR: In this paper, a profile of returning prisoners is presented, along with a discussion of the changing nature of Parole Supervision and Services, and the role of the victim's role in prisoner reentry.
Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction and Overview 2. Who's Coming Home? A Profile of Returning Prisoners 3. The Origins and Evolution of Modern Parole 4. The Changing Nature of Parole Supervision and Services 5. How We Help: Preparing Inmates for Release 6. How We Hinder: Legal and Practical Barriers to Reintegration 7. Revolving Door Justice: Inmate Release and Recidivism 8. The Victim's Role in Prisoner Reentry 9. What to Do? Reforming Parole and Reentry Practices 10. Conclusions: When Punitive Policies Backfire Afterword
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TL;DR: This article found that longer terms of pretrial detention in jails are associated with a modest increase in the likelihood of misconduct later on during a stay in prison, and interaction effects indicate that more time spent in jail prior to imprisonment may be harmful for potentially at-risk inmates.
Abstract: Scholarship suggests that individuals’ experiences in pretrial detention are especially straining. Relative to state prisons, local jails have high rates of inmate and officer turnover, more limited resources, and provide fewer services. Pretrial detention also constitutes an individual’s initial period of incarceration, during which social isolation and fear are experienced acutely but with fewer services in jail. This study assesses whether time spent in pretrial detention adversely affects prison social order. Findings suggest that longer terms of pretrial detention in jails are associated with a modest increase in the likelihood of misconduct later on during a stay in prison. Interaction effects indicate that more time spent in jail prior to imprisonment may be harmful for potentially at-risk inmates—specifically, younger inmates, female inmates, and inmates with mental illness. These results have implications for theory and research on prison experiences and social order and for understanding the adv...
20 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...Toman et al. / JAILHOUSE BLUES 319 Jails must confront the challenges stemming from a more diverse inmate population (e.g., Mears & Cochran, 2015; Petersilia, 2003) and greater inmate and staff instability with fewer resources than a typical state-run prison (Heyward, 2015; Hutchinson, Keller, &…...
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TL;DR: In this article, a snapshot of the prison population in Australia and a specific reference to the situation pertaining to Indigenous persons is made, and the connection between imprisonment and post-release life (the process of re-entry) in the Australian context is discussed.
Abstract: The aims of this brief commentary are twofold. First, I want to offer a snapshot of the prison population in Australia and to make specific reference to the situation pertaining to Indigenous persons. Second, I want to comment on the connection between imprisonment and post-release life (the process of re-entry) in the Australian context. As shall be seen, Australia?although still arguably a 'low incarcerating nation'?is steadily moving towards an imprisonment rate that may soon require this apparently benign descriptor to be revised. The rise in prisoner numbers, of course, has less to do with more people doing more crime than it relates to changes in the intensity with which particular types of offences are policed (especially breaches of court orders) matched with increases in the numbers of prisoners serving longer sentences. Both these scenarios fundamentally impact the process of re-entry?the former by bringing more people into the system for shorter periods thereby placing more pressure on scant post-release services and resources and the other by delaying the process of re-entry thereby further entrenching the process of institutionalisation and the likelihood of recidivism.
20 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...…within offender management) and the disproportionate preponderance of ‘new’ kinds of infectious diseases (particularly Hepatitis C) within prison populations, the challenges faced by those released from prison have also remained fundamentally of the same kind for many years (Petersilia 2003)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, identification requirements for each major form of government identification are found to delay access to benefits during a critical time in individuals' reentry to the community after a period of incarceration.
Abstract: Application procedures for each major form of government identification require at least one other major form of identification to authenticate the applicant’s identity Although this policy loop has implications for a number of vulnerable populations, it creates particularly intractable problems for people leaving incarceration with serious mental illness These individuals depend upon timely access to public assistance programs for treatment of complex sets of physical and behavioral health needs, but identification requirements are found to delay access to benefits during a critical time in individuals’ reentry to the community after a period of incarceration
20 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: The authors investigated the effect of criminal records on job search strategies and found that former prisoners are less likely than non-offenders to find work during the search process because they use fewer search methods, and because they over-invest in ineffective methods while under-investing in more effective methods.
Abstract: To date, researchers have been very attentive to how the stigma of criminality informs employers’ hiring decisions, and, in the process, diminishes the employment opportunities afforded to jobseekers so stigmatized. Few researchers, however, have investigated the extent to which criminal records also shape jobseekers’ search strategies in ways that either attenuate or amplify the effects of their negative credentials. We fill this gap in the literature by investigating how arrest, conviction, and incarceration affect the scope of jobseekers’ search efforts as well as the specific methods they deploy. We then examine the extent to which gaps in job search success can be attributed to stigmatized jobseekers’ search strategies. Analysis of the NLSY97 reveals that arrestees and former prisoners (but not ex-convicts) are disadvantaged both by the scope of their search efforts and by the specific methods they use. Arrestees are less likely than non-offenders to find work during the search process because they use fewer search methods, and because they over-invest in ineffective methods while under-investing in more effective methods. Although former prisoners are also disadvantaged by over- and under-investing, we primarily attribute their lower odds of search success to the differential impacts of their search strategies. Even when the scope and nature of their searches mirror those of non-offenders, their searches are less likely to end successfully. By bringing “search†into debates on punishment and inequality, we provide a new and complementary way to understand how a criminal record negatively affects jobseekers’ chances of finding work.
20 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...Federal and state laws restrict ex-offenders’ access to government employment, and there are numerous provisions against extending licenses to ex-offenders for government-regulated private occupations (Dale 1976; Hahn 1991; May 1995; Olivares et al 1996; Petersilia 2003)....
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...Specifically, they point to legal barriers to ex-offenders’ employment (Dale 1976; Hahn 1991; May 1995; Olivares et al., 1996; Petersilia 2003); employers’ fears that they will be found liable for negligent hiring if “marked” employees act criminally on the job (Bushway 1996; Glynn 1998; Connerley…...
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TL;DR: The authors explored the direct and interaction effects of age, race, ethnicity, and gender disparity on sentence lengths, considering differences between jail and prison sanctions, and found that age and race correlated with sentence length.
Abstract: The current work explores the direct and interaction effects of age, race, ethnicity, and gender disparity on sentence lengths, considering differences between jail and prison sanctions. The libera...
20 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...Furthermore, prison sentences are associated with more severe postincarceration collateral consequences, such as the stigma of a prison record, and restrictions on voting, employment, public welfare, and obtaining educational loans (Holleran & Spohn, 2004; Petersilia, 2003)....
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...As a result, those released from prison are “largely uneducated, unskilled and usually without solid family supports” (Petersilia, 2003, p. 3)....
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