Book•
When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry
01 Jan 2003-
TL;DR: In this paper, a profile of returning prisoners is presented, along with a discussion of the changing nature of Parole Supervision and Services, and the role of the victim's role in prisoner reentry.
Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction and Overview 2. Who's Coming Home? A Profile of Returning Prisoners 3. The Origins and Evolution of Modern Parole 4. The Changing Nature of Parole Supervision and Services 5. How We Help: Preparing Inmates for Release 6. How We Hinder: Legal and Practical Barriers to Reintegration 7. Revolving Door Justice: Inmate Release and Recidivism 8. The Victim's Role in Prisoner Reentry 9. What to Do? Reforming Parole and Reentry Practices 10. Conclusions: When Punitive Policies Backfire Afterword
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01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: This article explored issues and challenges surrounding the reentry of state prison and county jail inmates to rural communities in Pennsylvania and identified and document reentry programs and services available to released state and local prisoners in rural Pennsylvania.
Abstract: This study explored issues and challenges surrounding the reentry of state prison and county jail inmates to rural communities in Pennsylvania. Reentry refers to the process of a prisoner transitioning to the community after a period of secure confinement in a state or federal prison or county jail. The research used secondary data from the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections and the Pennsylvania Board of Probations and Parole and used primary data from interviews and surveys to: estimate the number and characteristics of state prison and county jail prisoners likely to be released into rural Pennsylvania communities over the next 5 years; identify and document reentry programs and services available to released state and local prisoners in rural Pennsylvania; conduct a gap analysis of reentry services available in rural Pennsylvania for successful reentry; and provide public policy considerations. According to the research results, releases of county jail inmates to rural counties are projected to hold constant over the next 5 years; however, releases of state inmates are projected to increase slightly over the same period. The most likely explanation for the slight increase in releases of state inmates is that state parole approval rates have increased somewhat over the past several years. The most notable demographic trends among released inmates are an increase in the number of older inmates being released, and a slight increase in the number of female inmates being released. Significant reentry needs for returning rural inmates include assistance with employment, housing and transpor tation. Transportation is crucial to the reentry process as the lack of public transit in rural areas can hamper returning inmates in finding and getting to jobs and housing, getting to treatment groups and medical and mental health appointments, and making required meetings with their parole agents. The challenges of finding work and suitable housing are magnified for “hard to place” offenders, such as those with serious mental illness and sex offenders, as the latter face significant restrictions on where they can live and work. This research also found that returning inmates also face some stigma for their status as ex-offenders. This is most notable for returning sex offenders. While there appears to be a reasonably robust network of social services and programs in rural counties for returning inmates, these services are unevenly distributed between rural counties. Most notably, there are very few reentry programs for sex offenders in rural counties, and almost no programs that specifically address the most important rehabilitative needs of ex-offenders, including programs that address ex-offenders’ thinking, decisionmaking and problem-solving skills and their peer networks, all of which are strongly linked to recidivism reduction.
14 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...As with employment, much of the writing on reentry posits extreme difficulties faced by ex-offenders in finding safe, affordable housing (Brooks, et al., 2006; Clark, 2007; Good and Sherrid, 2005; Petersilia, 2003; Solomon, et al., 2006; Travis, 2005; Visher and Courtney, 2007)....
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...Other researchers, though, acknowledge that much remains to be learned about the housing situation of released offenders, and that estimates of homelessness among this population are not well established (Petersilia, 2003)....
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...…history on job applications and enhanced vocational training and job 43 readiness programs for currently incarcerated and ex-offenders (Henry and Jacobs, 2007; Independent Committee on Reentry and Employment, 2006; Kaplan, 2007; Pawasarat, 2007; Petersilia, 2003; Stafford, 2006; Travis, 2005)....
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...Societal level structural factors widely cited as being critical to reentry include jobs, housing, and community based social services such as drug treatment (Petersilia, 2003; Solomon et al., 2008)....
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...Reentry is one of the most popular topics in the corrections field (Petersilia, 2003)....
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Book•
04 Apr 2019TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the integration of criminology and criminal justice research into the broader field of criminal justice by helping students to develop a "researcher sensibility".
Abstract: How to think about, conduct, and evaluate research is fundamental to the study and understanding of criminology and criminal justice. Students take methods, statistics, theory, and topic-specific classes, but they struggle to integrate what they learn and to see how it fits within the broader field of criminology and criminal justice research. This book directly tackles this problem by helping students to develop a 'researcher sensibility', and demonstrates how the 'nuts and bolts' of criminal justice research - including research design, theory, data, and analysis - are and can be combined. Relying on numerous real-world examples and illustrations, this book reveals how anyone can 'think like a researcher'. It reveals, too, why that ability is critical for being a savvy producer or consumer of criminological and criminal justice research.
14 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: Focusing attention on recidivism, and recent efforts to identify programmatic factors for different risk-need profiles, provides an opportunity to further refine the RNR model to be compatible with current research.
Abstract: The risk-need-responsivity framework is based on a review of the empirical literature on offender factors that affect recidivism The emphasis is on responsivity or the alignment of the risk and need profile with programs that are suitable to reduce recidivism The empirical basis for the three-part framework is reviewed in this chapter with attention to integrating intervention science into a definition of responsivity A review of the research literature since the original design of RNR (in the late 1980s) reveals that not all of the eight static and dynamic (criminogenic needs) risk components have a direct relationship with recidivism and that there are clinically relevant factors that need to be included when considering the effectiveness of an intervention, program, service, or control strategy This chapter provides a different “sorting” of the risk and need factors besides the inclusion of gender and developmental (age) factors and clinically relevant factors (ie, mental health status and substance abuse) that affect recidivism The purpose is to lay the foundation for further chapters that describe the parameter and inputs into the RNR simulation model This chapter illustrates the robustness of the original conceptual framework while demonstrating the elasticity to reframe the model based on new and emerging literature on factors that affect recidivism Focusing attention on recidivism, and recent efforts to identify programmatic factors for different risk-need profiles, provides an opportunity to further refine the RNR model to be compatible with current research
14 citations
TL;DR: The concept of procedural justice has been examined in a plethora of studies that encompass topics from citizens' trust in police to their wiliness to obey the law as mentioned in this paper, however, extant research has not examined the relationship between procedural justice and trust in law enforcement.
Abstract: The concept of procedural justice has been examined in a plethora of studies that encompass topics from citizens’ trust in police to their wiliness to obey the law. However, extant research has not...
14 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...…be required to report to local parole or probation authorities and to begin the process of supervised community release, which lasts an average of about 2 years in the US (Hughes, 2019 Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences CONTACT Lin Liu lindyliu@udel.edu Wilson & Beck, 2001; Petersilia, 2003)....
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