Book•
When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry
01 Jan 2003-
TL;DR: In this paper, a profile of returning prisoners is presented, along with a discussion of the changing nature of Parole Supervision and Services, and the role of the victim's role in prisoner reentry.
Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction and Overview 2. Who's Coming Home? A Profile of Returning Prisoners 3. The Origins and Evolution of Modern Parole 4. The Changing Nature of Parole Supervision and Services 5. How We Help: Preparing Inmates for Release 6. How We Hinder: Legal and Practical Barriers to Reintegration 7. Revolving Door Justice: Inmate Release and Recidivism 8. The Victim's Role in Prisoner Reentry 9. What to Do? Reforming Parole and Reentry Practices 10. Conclusions: When Punitive Policies Backfire Afterword
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors test whether an "empathic supervision" intervention with PPOs can reduce collective blame against and promote empathy for the perspectives of adults on probation or parole (APPs), which can reduce rates of violations and recidivism.
Abstract: Incarceration is a pervasive issue in the United States that is enormously costly to families, communities, and society at large. The path from prison back to prison may depend on the relationship a person has with their probation or parole officer (PPO). If the relationship lacks appropriate care and trust, violations and recidivism (return to jail or prison) may be more likely to occur. Here, we test whether an “empathic supervision” intervention with PPOs—that aims to reduce collective blame against and promote empathy for the perspectives of adults on probation or parole (APPs)—can reduce rates of violations and recidivism. The intervention highlights the unreasonable expectation that all APPs will reoffend (collective blame) and the benefits of empathy—valuing APPs’ perspectives. Using both within-subject (monthly official records for 10 mo) and between-subject (treatment versus control) comparisons in a longitudinal study with PPOs in a large US city (NPPOs = 216; NAPPs=∼20,478), we find that the empathic supervision intervention reduced collective blame against APPs 10 mo postintervention and reduced between-subject violations and recidivism, a 13% reduction that would translate to less taxpayer costs if scaled. Together, these findings illustrate that very low-cost psychological interventions that target empathy in relationships can be cost effective and combat important societal outcomes in a lasting manner.
9 citations
TL;DR: This paper found that women are the fastest growing sector of the incarcerated population, and that pathways out of crime and reintegration have been found to be difficult for both men and women.
Abstract: Women are the fastest growing sector of the incarcerated population. Community reentry is challenging for both men and women. However, pathways out of crime and reintegration have been found to be ...
9 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...…a combination of their overwhelmingly marginalized status, and because women involved in the justice system frequently return to communities with limited resources (Petersilia, 2003; Richie, 2006); desistance from criminal lifestyle can be an uncertain course for women (Opsal, 2012; Richie, 2001)....
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...Mass incarceration has countless consequences and has led to a complexity of problems for individuals transitioning out of prison as well as for the communities to which they return (Petersilia, 2003; Travis & Visher, 2005; Western, 2006)....
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TL;DR: This paper identifies an effective way of describing the predictive ability of the scorecard and from this describes a simple model for how its predictive ability will develop, using a dynamic programming approach.
Abstract: Data-based scorecards, such as those used in credit scoring, age with time and need to be rebuilt or readjusted. Unlike the huge literature on modelling the replacement and maintenance of equipment there have been hardly any models that deal with this problem for scorecards. This paper identifies an effective way of describing the predictive ability of the scorecard and from this describes a simple model for how its predictive ability will develop. Using a dynamic programming approach one is then able to find when it is optimal to rebuild and when to readjust a scorecard. Failing to readjust or rebuild a scorecard when they aged was one of the defects in credit scoring identified in the investigations into the sub-prime mortgage crisis.
9 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...These include direct marketing (Malthouse, 2001), customer lifetime value (Glady et al, 2009), customer churn (Burez and van den Poel, 2009), intensive-care assessment in hospitals (Arts et al, 2005) and parole decisions (Petersilia, 2009)....
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01 Jun 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a rich and multileveled collec� on of twenty-eight chapters that use varied lenses to examine the discourses that shape people's lives.
Abstract: This book is a rich and mul� faceted collec� on of twenty-eight chapters that use varied lenses to examine the discourses that shape people’s lives. The contributors are themselves from many backgrounds – diff erent academic disciplines within the humani� es and social sciences, diverse professional prac� ces and a range of countries and cultures. They represent a broad spectrum of age, status and outlook, and variously apply their research methods – but share a common interest in people, their lives, thoughts and ac� ons. Gathering such eclec� c experiences as those of student-teachers in Kenya, a released prisoner in Denmark, academics in Colombia, a group of migrants learning English, and gambling addic� on support-workers in Italy, alongside more mainstream educa� onal themes, the book presents a fascina� ng array of insights.
9 citations
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: Oluwaniyi et al. as mentioned in this paper evaluated the effectiveness of prisoner reentry programs in reducing reincarceration of ex-prisoners and found that participating in any of the programs (faithor non-faith-based) reduced re- incarcerations at a statistically significant level.
Abstract: Effectiveness of Prisoner Reentry Programs for Reduction of Repeat Incarcerations in Nigeria by Emmanuel Dejo Oluwaniyi MS, Liverpool John Moores University, 2007 BS, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 1983 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Human and Social Services Walden University November 2017 Abstract The persistently high rate of repeat incarcerations poses a threat to the safety of lives and properties. The problem that led to this study was the prevailing high rate of repeat incarcerations in Nigeria, despite interventions to reduce their occurrences. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prisoner reentry programs in reducing reincarcerations of ex-prisoners. The focus of the research questions was onThe persistently high rate of repeat incarcerations poses a threat to the safety of lives and properties. The problem that led to this study was the prevailing high rate of repeat incarcerations in Nigeria, despite interventions to reduce their occurrences. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prisoner reentry programs in reducing reincarcerations of ex-prisoners. The focus of the research questions was on whether treatment and the type (faithor non-faith-based) made a difference in a prisoner’s reincarceration status after release. The theoretical foundation was based on the transtheoretical model of change. Reincarceration outcomes were analyzed for 818 prisoners who were released between January 2010 and December 2013 from 3 prisons located in Lagos State, Nigeria. Data were obtained from the prison records on the reincarceration status of the subjects based on an at-risk period of 36 months after release. A propensity score matching procedure was used to select an equal number (n = 409) of treated subjects (those who participated in a prisoner reentry program) and untreated subjects (nonparticipants in the program). Findings from a Cox-regression analysis revealed that participating in any of the programs (faithor non-faith-based) reduced reincarceration at a statistically significant level; however, there was no difference in reincarceration status based on the type of treatment received. Findings provide evidence that prisoner reentry programs can reduce reincarceration. With this knowledge, the reentry program providers may advocate more government supports for reentry activities. They may collaborate with the policymakers and legislators to develop strategies that will enhance the reintegration of ex-prisoners into communities and thereby prevent their return to crimes but ensure they are productive for themselves, their families and the community. Effectiveness of Prisoner Reentry Programs for Reduction of Repeat Incarcerations in Nigeria by Emmanuel Dejo Oluwaniyi MS, Liverpool John Moores University, 2007 BS, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 1983 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Human and Social Services
9 citations
Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."
...From the perceptions of Petersilia (2011) and Travis (2005), prisoner release is simply prisoner release but also a social change driver in need of attention....
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...Repeat incarceration is a social problem that requires attention to ensure a healthy society (Petersilia, 2009; Travis, 2000) For this literature review, I have demonstrated the relevance of continuing research on how to develop activities that may help to rehabilitate the formerly incarcerated…...
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...Petersilia (2009) described it as a social challenge begging for resolution in the interest of a healthy society....
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...The importance of program effectiveness was highlighted by Petersilia and Cullen (2015). They noticed that mass incarceration is becoming more financially burdensome, necessitating the growing need to regularly downsize the inmates....
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...Repeat incarceration is a social problem that requires attention to ensure a healthy society (Petersilia, 2009; Travis, 2000) For this literature review, I have demonstrated the relevance of continuing research on how to develop activities that may help to rehabilitate the formerly incarcerated individuals and reintegrate them with the community....
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