When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry

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When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry

01 Jan 2003-

TL;DR: In this paper, a profile of returning prisoners is presented, along with a discussion of the changing nature of Parole Supervision and Services, and the role of the victim's role in prisoner reentry.

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Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction and Overview 2. Who's Coming Home? A Profile of Returning Prisoners 3. The Origins and Evolution of Modern Parole 4. The Changing Nature of Parole Supervision and Services 5. How We Help: Preparing Inmates for Release 6. How We Hinder: Legal and Practical Barriers to Reintegration 7. Revolving Door Justice: Inmate Release and Recidivism 8. The Victim's Role in Prisoner Reentry 9. What to Do? Reforming Parole and Reentry Practices 10. Conclusions: When Punitive Policies Backfire Afterword

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Journal Article•

Confronting Confinement: A Report of The Commission on Safety and Abuse in America's Prisons

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John J. Gibbons, Nicholas deBelleville Katzenbach

01 Jan 2006-Washington University Journal of Law and Policy

TL;DR: In 2006, the Vera Institute of Justice published a report on confinement in U.S. prisons and jails as mentioned in this paper, which pointed out that what happens inside jails and prisons does not stay inside jails, but comes home with prisoners after they are released and with corrections officers at the end of each shift.

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Abstract: This article was originally published by the Vera Institute of Justice in June 2006. What happens inside jails and prisons does not stay inside jails and prisons: It comes home with prisoners after they are released and with corrections officers at the end of each shift. When people live and work in facilities that are unsafe, unhealthy, unproductive, or inhumane, they carry the effects into the community with them. We all bear responsibility for creating correctional institutions that are safe, humane, and productive. With so much at stake for U.S. citizens9 health and safety, with so many people directly affected by the conditions in U.S. prisons and jails, this is the moment to confront confinement in the United States.

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110 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Racial Variation in the Effect of Incarceration on Neighborhood Attainment.

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Michael Massoglia¹, Glenn Firebaugh², Cody Warner²•Institutions (2)

University of Wisconsin-Madison¹, Pennsylvania State University²

01 Feb 2013-American Sociological Review

TL;DR: It is found that only whites live in significantly more disadvantaged neighborhoods after prison than prior to prison, and this racial variation in the effect of incarceration is attributed to the high degree of racial neighborhood inequality in the United States.

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Abstract: Each year, more than 700,000 convicted offenders are released from prison and reenter neighborhoods across the country. Prior studies have found that minority ex-inmates tend to reside in more disadvantaged neighborhoods than do white ex-inmates. However, because these studies do not control for pre-prison neighborhood conditions, we do not know how much (if any) of this racial variation is due to arrest and incarceration, or if these observed findings simply reflect existing racial residential inequality. Using a nationally representative dataset that tracks individuals over time, we find that only whites live in significantly more disadvantaged neighborhoods after prison than prior to prison. Blacks and Hispanics do not, nor do all groups (whites, blacks, and Hispanics) as a whole live in worse neighborhoods after prison. We attribute this racial variation in the effect of incarceration to the high degree of racial neighborhood inequality in the United States: because white offenders generally come from much better neighborhoods, they have much more to lose from a prison spell. In addition to advancing our understanding of the social consequences of the expansion of the prison population, these findings demonstrate the importance of controlling for preprison characteristics when investigating the effects of incarceration on residential outcomes.

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110 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Prisoner reentry as myth and ceremony

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Loïc Wacquant¹•Institutions (1)

University of California¹

23 Dec 2010-Dialectical Anthropology

TL;DR: For example, the authors argues that most released convicts experience not reentry but ongoing circulation between the prison and their dispossessed neighborhoods, and the institutions entrusted with supervising them are not market operators but elements of the bureaucratic field as characterized by Pierre Bourdieu.

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Abstract: The carceral boom in post-Civil Rights America results not from profit-seeking but from state-crafting. Accordingly, we must slay the chimera of the “Prison Industrial Complex” and forsake its derived tale of the “Prisoner Reentry Industry.” This murky economic metaphor is doubly misleading: first, most released convicts experience not reentry but ongoing circulation between the prison and their dispossessed neighborhoods; second, the institutions entrusted with supervising them are not market operators but elements of the bureaucratic field as characterized by Pierre Bourdieu. Post-custodial supervision is a ceremonial component of “prisonfare,” which complements “workfare” through organizational isomorphism, and partakes of the neoliberal reengineering of the state. Reentry outfits are not an antidote to but an extension of punitive containment as government technique for managing problem categories and territories in the dualizing city. To capture the glaring economic irrationality and bureaucratic absurdities of the oversight of felons behind as well as beyond bars, our theoretical inspiration should come not from the radical critique of capitalism but from the neo-Durkheimian sociology of organization and the neo-Weberian theory of the state as a classifying and stratifying agency.

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108 citations

Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."

...…‘‘from below’’ of the post-custodial trajectories of American convicts that usefully complement the reigning views ‘‘from above’’ of mainstream criminology, technical penology, and policy-oriented evaluations (e.g., Seiter and Kadela 2003; Petersilia 2003; Travis 2005; Hattery and Smith 2010)....
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...L. Wacquant (&) University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA e-mail: loic@uclink4.berkeley.edu L. Wacquant Centre de Sociologie Européenne, Paris, France The varied papers gathered by Douglas Thompkins and his collaborators in the special Forum of Dialectical Anthropology on prison reentry offer a kaleidoscopic set of views ‘‘from below’’ of the post-custodial trajectories of American convicts that usefully complement the reigning views ‘‘from above’’ of mainstream criminology, technical penology, and policy-oriented evaluations (e.g., Seiter and Kadela 2003; Petersilia 2003; Travis 2005; Hattery and Smith 2010)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

The Good Lives Model in practice : offence pathways and case management

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Mayumi Purvis¹, Tony Ward², Gwenda M. Willis²•Institutions (2)

University of Melbourne¹, Deakin University²

01 Aug 2011-European journal of probation

TL;DR: The theory of the Good Lives Model of Offender Rehabilitation is presented, its conceptual underpinnings are explained and the results of recent GLM empirical research that found two pathways to offending are presented.

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Abstract: During the past decade, the Good Lives Model of Offender Rehabilitation (GLM) has gained considerable momentum and popularity as a rehabilitation framework for forensic populations. The GLM is primarily applied by the treatment sector, however very recently, it has been used to generate a structured strengths based approach to case management. The purpose of this paper is multi-layered. First, we present the theory of the GLM, explaining its conceptual underpinnings and in addition, present the results of recent GLM empirical research that found two pathways to offending: direct and indirect. Next, we describe how the GLM conceptual underpinnings, together with the empirical research findings, translate into a structured and meaningful case management approach for community corrections. The process for effective case management of offenders using the GLM is outlined and further, two GLM case management tools are presented and their purpose and application to offender rehabilitation is briefly set out. Finally, we describe the necessary support factors that are vital to the integrity, success and sustainability of this case management approach.

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107 citations

Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."

...…is, the activities or behaviours they engage in, the goods they seek, the goals they have, and their general day-to-day living which represents their values, commitments, and attitudes (Giordano, Longmore, Schroeder, & Seffrin, 2008)Petersilia, 2003; Laub & Sampson, 2003; Sampson & Laub, 1993)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

The Impact of Network Relationships, Prison Experiences, and Internal Transformation on Women's Success after Prison Release.

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Hoan N. Bui¹, Merry Morash²•Institutions (2)

University of Tennessee¹, Michigan State University²

05 Jan 2010-Journal of Offender Rehabilitation

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effects of women offenders' relationships with people in their social networks (i.e., their network relationships) before, during, and after incarceration on their post-release desistence from crime.

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Abstract: Using data obtained from retrospective, in-depth interviews with 20 successful female parolees, the present study examines the effects of women offenders' relationships with people in their social networks (ie, their network relationships) before, during, and after incarceration on their postrelease desistence from crime Because women's social networks facilitate women's criminal activity in the past, shifts are necessary to promote successful parole outcomes A combination of negative relationships dissolving due to incarceration, women's conscious efforts to improve their social networks, and the availability of prison programming and some prosocial family members work together to enable women to access social networks that help them avoid crime after release The study suggests the value of prison and parole programming that systematically identifies networks that can meet women's needs and that ensures access and availability of social networks for women with varying needs

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106 citations

Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."

...Maintaining positive family contacts during and following incarceration fosters integration into the community and reduces recidivism (Hairston, 2003; Petersilia, 2003; Waul, Travis, & Solomon, 2002)....
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...Finally, for many women released from prison, parents and siblings provide instrumental and emotional support (e.g., shelter, food, child care, and advice) that prevents crime and drug-use relapse (O’Brien, 2001; Petersilia, 2003)....
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...Instrumental and emotional support from family members prevents drug use relapses (O’Brien, 2001; Petersilia, 2003), and spousal support is the most helpful factor for recovery from drinking problems (Sobell, Sobell, Toneatto, & Leo, 1993)....
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..., shelter, food, child care, and advice) that prevents crime and drug-use relapse (O’Brien, 2001; Petersilia, 2003)....
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When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry

Citations

Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."

Cites background from "When Prisoners Come Home: Parole an..."

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