Why g matters: The complexity of everyday life
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide evidence that intelligence has pervasive utility in work settings because it is essentially the ability to deal with cognitive complexity, in particular, with complex information processing, and the more complex a work task, the greater the advantages that higher g confers in performing it well.
About: This article is published in Intelligence.The article was published on 1997-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1300 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Everyday life & Cognitive complexity.
Summary (1 min read)
Jump to: [Why g Matters: The Complexity of Everyday Life] – [WHAT DOES “IMPORTANT” MEAN?] – [INFLUENCE OF INTELLIGENCE ON OVERALL LIFE OUTCOMES] and [THE FUTURE]
Why g Matters: The Complexity of Everyday Life
- This article provides evidence that g has pervasive utility in work settings because it is essentially the ability to deal with cognitive complexity, in particular, with complex information processing.
- Few claims in the social sciences are backed by such massive evidence but remain so hotly contested in public discourse.
- Besides demonstrating that g is important in practical affairs, I seek to demonstrate why intelligence has such surprisingly pervasive importance in the lives of individuals.
- I then use both the employment and literacy data to sketch a portrait of life’s challenges and opportunities at different levels of intelligence.
WHAT DOES “IMPORTANT” MEAN?
- The nature of the job and its context seem to determine whether g has any direct effect on task proficiency, net of job knowlege.
- As is well known in psychometrics (see also Gordon, 1997), the fact that an individual passes or fails any single test item says little about that person’s general intelligence level.
INFLUENCE OF INTELLIGENCE ON OVERALL LIFE OUTCOMES
- The effects of intelligence-like other psychological traits-are probabilistic, not deterministic.
- White adults in this range marry, work, and have children (Hermstein & Murray, 1994), but, as Table 10 shows, they are nonetheless at great risk of living in poverty (30%), bearing children out of wedlock (32%), and becoming chronic welfare dependents (31%).
- At this IQ level, fewer than half the high school graduates and none of the dropouts meet the military’s minimum AFQT enlistment standards.
- Most occupations are within reach cognitively, because these individuals learn complex material fairly easily and independently.
- Such as divorce, illness, and occasional unemployment, they rarely become trapped in poverty or social pathology.
THE FUTURE
- Complexity enriches social and cultural life, but it also risks leaving some individuals behind.
- Society has become more complex-and g loaded-as the authors have entered the information age and postindustrial economy.
- Accordingly, organizations are “flatter” (have fewer hierarchical levels), and increasing numbers of jobs require high-level cognitive and interpersonal skills (Camevale, 1991; Cascio, 1995; Hunt, 1995; Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills, 1991).
- There is evidence that increasing proportions of individuals with below-average IQs are having trouble adapting to their increasingly complex modern life (Granat & Granat, 1978) and that social inequality along IQ lines is increasing (Herrnstein & Murray, 1994).
- As the military experience also illustrates, however, what is good pedagogy for the low-aptitude learner may be inappropriate for the high-aptitude person.
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TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors discussed the composition of managers' paradoxical management capabilities and how they alleviate the paradoxical pressure in open-innovation enterprises, and took co-opetition as an organizational scenario to explore how it affects the relationship between paradoxical managers' capabilities and paradoxical pressures.
1 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: The journey of structural evolution of spiritual intelligence is traced by reviewing the literature pertaining to it by studying the different aspects and a simple theoretical model of it is presented.
Abstract: In last few decades' spiritual intelligence as a concept has become popular among researchers and industry people alike. This article traces the journey of structural evolution of spiritual intelligence by reviewing the literature pertaining to it, so the secondary research is used here. Spiritual intelligence consists of two terms ‘spiritual' and ‘intelligence'. How historical milestones in research of these two fields in last century have paved the way forward for spiritual intelligence to come out as a promising concept in itself in 21st century, is shown in form of a literature map. After studying the different aspects of spiritual intelligence, a simple theoretical model of it is presented in the article. The review of literature has shown that spiritual intelligence has a significant positive impact on our lives. Also the ever increasing need of spiritual intelligence to be considered as part of our lives has emerged out especially at workplace, as, we in modern times spend a good amount of our time working and that has presented a host of new challenges in front of us including stress & anxiety. In the end, future scope of research is discussed.
1 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic study of the link between intelligence and social outcomes is provided in an experiment where two groups of subjects with different levels of intelligence, but otherwise similar, play a repeated prisoner's dilemma.
Abstract: Intelligence affects the social outcomes of groups. A systematic study of the link is provided in an experiment where two groups of subjects with different levels of intelligence, but otherwise similar, play a repeated prisoner's dilemma. Initial cooperation rates are similar, but increase in the groups with higher intelligence to reach almost full cooperation, while they decline in the groups with lower intelligence. Cooperation of higher intelligence subjects is payo sensitive and not automatic: in a treatment with lower continuation probability there is no difference between different intelligence groups.
1 citations
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: For instance, this article examined the relationship between the degree of experience in mathematics and the ability to utilize different modes of mental representation, using the "Modes of Thought Questionnaire" (MOTQ) of Aylwin (1985).
Abstract: . The purpose of this study is to examine one aspect of the cognitive development of preservice education students; Le., the ability to utilize different modes of mental representation. This study attempts to provide a basis for understanding the relationship between the degree of experience in mathematics and the ability to utilize different modes of mental representation, using the "Modes of Thought Questionnaire" (MOTQ) of Aylwin (1985). In the study, associations were found between the level of experience in mathematics and both the abiliry to utilize each mode of mental representation and the overall use of the preferred modes. This study has implications both for future research and for education. First, it gives a clear indication that differences do exist between the mental representation modes preferred by individuals with no mathematics experience, as compared to those who have even a small level of experience in mathematics. Second, it provides implications regarding teacher education in Ontario, which arise from these differences in the utilization of all of the modes of mental representation and knowledge acquisition.
RESUME. Cette etude traite d'un versant du developpement cognitif des professeurs stagiaires, c'est-a-dire de la capacite a utiliser differents modes de representation mentale. Elle vise a etablir les fondements permettant de comprendre la relation qui existe entre le niveau d'experience des mathematiques et la capacite d'utiliser differents modes de representation mentale mesuree a l'aide du questionnaire MOTQ d'Aylwin (1985). On a constate qu'il existe un lien entre le niveau d' experience des mathematiques, d'une part, et la capacite d'utiliser differents modes de representation mentale et l'utilisation globale des modes de predilection, d'autre part. Cette etude aura des repercussions sur les recherches et l'education. Elle revele tout d'abord qu'il existe des differences entre les modes de representation mentale que preferent ceux qui n'ont aucune experience des mathematiques et les modes que privilegient ceux qui possedent un peu d'experience dans ce domaine. L'incidence que cela pourrait avoir sur la formation des enseignants en Ontario tient aux differences observees dans l'utilisation de tous les modes de representation mentale et l'acquisition des connaissances.
Dissertation•
01 Aug 2021
TL;DR: DeYoung et al. as mentioned in this paper presented a Ph.D. on psychology at the University of Minnesota, Minnetonka, USA, with a thesis entitled, "The Psychology of Self-Empirical Evaluation".
Abstract: University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. 2021. Major: Psychology. Advisors: Colin DeYoung, Robert Krueger. 1 computer file (PDF); xiii, 251 pages.
References
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TL;DR: The ten-year edition of the 10th anniversary edition as mentioned in this paper is devoted to the theory of multiple intelligences and its application in the socialization of human intelligence through Symbols Implications And Applications.
Abstract: * Introduction to the Tenth Anniversary Edition Background * The Idea of Multiple Intelligences * Intelligence: Earlier Views * Biological Foundations of Intelligence * What Is an Intelligence? The Theory * Linguistic Intelligence * Musical Intelligence * Logical-Mathematical Intelligence * Spatial Intelligence * Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence * The Personal Intelligences * A Critique of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences * The Socialization of Human Intelligences through Symbols Implications And Applications * The Education of Intelligences * The Application of Intelligences
11,512 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: The Tenth Anniversary Edition of Intelligence explains the development of intelligence in the 21st Century through the applications of language, linguistics, mathematics, and more.
Abstract: * Introduction to the Tenth Anniversary Edition Background * The Idea of Multiple Intelligences * Intelligence: Earlier Views * Biological Foundations of Intelligence * What Is an Intelligence? The Theory * Linguistic Intelligence * Musical Intelligence * Logical-Mathematical Intelligence * Spatial Intelligence * Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence * The Personal Intelligences * A Critique of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences * The Socialization of Human Intelligences through Symbols Implications And Applications * The Education of Intelligences * The Application of Intelligences
9,611 citations
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8,018 citations
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