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Journal ArticleDOI

Wide-band supercontinuum generation in mid-IR using polarization maintaining chalcogenide photonic quasi-crystal fiber.

01 Jun 2017-Applied Optics (Optical Society of America)-Vol. 56, Iss: 16, pp 4797-4806
TL;DR: The proposed PQF-based SC source is a good candidate for applications such as optical sensing, frequency metrology, and optical tomography as the two orthogonally polarized modes allow the high degree of freedom in tuning the properties of the SC.
Abstract: We report a polarization maintaining chalcogenide (ChG) photonic quasicrystal fiber (PQF) for wide-band mid-IR (MIR) supercontinuum (SC) generation The numerical demonstration of SC generation in the proposed PQF spans from 2 to 15 μm wavelengths for a pulse power of 2 kW Besides, the proposed PQF offers a high birefringence (10−3 to 10−2) from 35 to 15 μm wavelengths and exhibits a low confinement loss (10−7 to 10−1) for the wavelengths from 2 to 15 μm with single mode behavior The proposed Ge115As24Se645 PQF is designed with zero dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs) at 433 and 446 μm for X and Y polarized modes within the wavelength range of 2–15 μm The polarized spectral broadening of the continuum is realized for the first time from 2 to 15 μm using the proposed PQF with a length of 8 mm Hence, the two orthogonally polarized modes allow the high degree of freedom in tuning the properties of the SC Thus, the proposed PQF-based SC source is a good candidate for applications such as optical sensing, frequency metrology, and optical tomography
Citations
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01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this article, a review of numerical and experimental studies of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber is presented over the full range of experimentally reported parameters, from the femtosecond to the continuous-wave regime.
Abstract: A topical review of numerical and experimental studies of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber is presented over the full range of experimentally reported parameters, from the femtosecond to the continuous-wave regime. Results from numerical simulations are used to discuss the temporal and spectral characteristics of the supercontinuum, and to interpret the physics of the underlying spectral broadening processes. Particular attention is given to the case of supercontinuum generation seeded by femtosecond pulses in the anomalous group velocity dispersion regime of photonic crystal fiber, where the processes of soliton fission, stimulated Raman scattering, and dispersive wave generation are reviewed in detail. The corresponding intensity and phase stability properties of the supercontinuum spectra generated under different conditions are also discussed.

360 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an ultra-broadband coherent mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) extending from 1.25 to 20μm was generated using a novel AsSe2-As2S5 multimaterial photonic crystal fiber (PCF).
Abstract: In this paper, we report on the simulation of an ultra-broadband coherent mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) extending from 1.25 to 20 μm generated using a novel AsSe2-As2S5 multimaterial photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The proposed fiber is composed of a core made of AsSe2 glass and a surrounding cladding made of As2S5 glass. The hybrid PCF is designed to have a zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) of 3.3 μm with an overall highly engineered group velocity dispersion shifted to the mid-infrared wavelength region. The SC is generated by pumping 50 fs pulses at 4 μm emitted from an optical parameter amplifier with low energy of 0.625 nJ. The pumping wavelength is selected in the anomalous dispersion regime close to the ZDW. The widening of the SC is mainly based on the soliton effects in the anomalous dispersion region combined with self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering, four-wave mixing, and dispersive wave. The obtained SC shows a high degree of coherence and a 15 fs temporal compressed pulse is generated in only 5 mm long AsSe2-As2S5 hybrid PCF. The power proportion of the SC generated beyond 4 μm is 98% with its long wavelength edge up to 20 μm. To the best of our knowledge, the obtained SC is the first broadest spectrum reported in the mid-infrared region with very low energy. Our results highlight the potential of the novel chalcogenide AsSe2-As2S5 multimaterial PCF to emit across the ultra-broadband mid-infrared atmospheric windows and the molecular fingerprint region.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a polarization-maintaining CS2-core photonic crystal fiber is designed and it is demonstrated that the x-polarization fundamental mode has an all-normal dispersion profile and the corresponding y-polarsization fundamental modes has an anomalous dispersion profiles for a pump wavelength of 1.76 μm.
Abstract: In this paper, we design a polarization-maintaining CS2-core photonic crystal fiber (PM-CCPCF). The two air holes in the x direction are infiltrated with C2H5OH in order to introduce birefringence. By optimizing the structure parameters of the PM-CCPCF, it is demonstrated that the x-polarization fundamental mode has an all-normal dispersion profile and the corresponding y-polarization fundamental mode has an anomalous dispersion profile for a pump wavelength of 1.76 μm. Then, we investigate the supercontinuum (SC) generations when different fiber lengths, pump peak powers, and pump pulse widths are chosen, respectively. Simulation results show that for the x-polarization and y-polarization fundamental modes, highly coherent SCs can be generated by appropriately choosing the fiber length and pump pulse parameters. Finally, nonlinear propagation dynamics are analysed when the optimized fiber length and pump pulse parameters are used. The bandwidth of the SCs generated for the x-polarization and y-polarization fundamental modes can be up to 0.82 and 1.26 octave, respectively.

18 citations

01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the applications of supercontinuum sources and apply them to the field of littérature, including the use of microspectroscopies.
Abstract: .................................................................................................................................... III TABLE DES MATIERES ............................................................................................................... IV LISTE DES TABLEAUX................................................................................................................. VI LISTE DES FIGURES ................................................................................................................... VII LISTE DES ABBREVIATIONS ET DES ACRONYMES ........................................................... XI REMERCIEMENTS ..................................................................................................................... XIV AVANT-PROPOS ..........................................................................................................................XV 0. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 0.1 Les motivations ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 0.2 Pourquoi le supercontinuum (en bref...) ? ..................................................................................................... 1 0.3 Pourquoi l’infrarouge moyen? ............................................................................................................................ 2 0.4 Pourquoi la fibre optique? .................................................................................................................................... 4 1. CHAPITRE 1 : BASES THEORIQUES ET APPLICATIONS SUR LA GENERATION DE SUPERCONTINUUM ............................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Applications des sources de supercontinuum .............................................................................................. 7 1.1.1 La télédétection ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1.2 La microspectroscopie .................................................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 Revue de littérature ............................................................................................................................................. 19 1.2.1 Les lasers de pompage disponibles émettant dans le mid-IR ...................................................................... 19 1.2.2 Les SC pompés par des lasers à l’état solide ......................................................................................................... 28 1.2.3 Les SC pompés par des lasers à fibre optique ...................................................................................................... 33 1.2.4 Conclusion de la revue de littérature ....................................................................................................................... 38 1.3 La fibre optique, sa conception et l’optique linéaire ............................................................................... 39 1.3.1 La fibre optique à saut d’indice ................................................................................................................................... 39 1.3.2 Le choix des verres ............................................................................................................................................................ 40 1.3.3 La constante de propagation et la dispersion de guidage .............................................................................. 44 1.3.4 Les techniques pour ajuster la dispersion de guidage ..................................................................................... 45

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2020
TL;DR: In this article, both the birefringence and dispersion properties of a polarization-maintaining chalcogenide (ChG) photonic crystal fiber are numerically investigated by means of the finite element method.
Abstract: The photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a bunch of air holes enclosing the silica core field has momentous and compelling attributes when compared with the ordinary single-mode fibers. In this work, both the birefringence and dispersion properties of a polarization-maintaining chalcogenide (ChG) photonic crystal fiber are numerically investigated by means of the finite element method. Through simulation, it is found that the birefringence of the proposed $${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}}_{11.5}{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}}_{24}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}}_{64.5}$$ PCF can reach as high as $$0.03$$ when compared with the conventional fiber that has merely $$5\times {10}^{-4}$$ for wavelengths in the 2–10 $$\upmu \mathrm{m}$$ range. The PCF is designed with zero-dispersion wavelengths for x- and y-polarized modes in the 2–10 $$\upmu \mathrm{m}$$ range. It is also observed that over the entire MIR wavelength range, the GVD remains positive and has a maximum value of 30,000 ps2/nm-km. Hence, the proposed $${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}}_{11.5}{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}}_{24}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}}_{64.5}$$ PCF plays the dual role of acting as a very good polarization-maintaining fiber due to its very high birefringence and an excellent dispersion-compensating fiber due to its large positive GVD. This $${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}}_{11.5}{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}}_{24}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}}_{64.5}$$ PCF serves as a very good candidate for ultra-broadband high bit-rate transmission. Supercontinuum generation is another important application of PCF. Supercontinuum generation is a generation of coherent and broadband light. SC generation in PCFs has several applications in optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical frequency metrology (OFM), pulse compression, and design of ultrafast femtosecond laser pulses.

9 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a stack-and-draw technique was used to construct a ZBLAN photonic crystal fiber with a high air-filling fraction, a small solid core, nanoscale features and near-perfect structure.
Abstract: Silica-based photonic crystal fibre has proven highly successful for supercontinuum generation, with smooth and flat spectral power densities. However, fused silica glass suffers from strong material absorption in the mid-infrared (>2,500 nm), as well as ultraviolet-related optical damage (solarization), which limits performance and lifetime in the ultraviolet (<380 nm). Supercontinuum generation in silica photonic crystal fibre is therefore only possible between these limits. A number of alternative glasses have been used to extend the mid-infrared performance, including chalcogenides, fluorides and heavy-metal oxides, but none has extended the ultraviolet performance. Here, we describe the successful fabrication (using the stack-and-draw technique) of a ZBLAN photonic crystal fibre with a high air-filling fraction, a small solid core, nanoscale features and near-perfect structure. We also report its use in the generation of ultrabroadband, long-term stable, supercontinua spanning more than three octaves in the spectral range 200–2,500 nm. A low-loss ZBLAN micro-structured fibre is used to generate a supercontinuum spanning from the UV to the mid-IR (200 nm–2,500 nm). The material has high resistance even after extended operation and can withstand large spectral power densities.

230 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The low propagation loss of an extruded complex bismuth glass fiber demonstrates the potential of this advanced extrusion technique for the fabrication of novel soft glass and polymer microstructured fiber designs.
Abstract: We report a significant advance in preform extrusion and die design, which has allowed for the first time the fabrication of complex structured preforms using soft glass and polymer billets. Structural preform distortions are minimized by adjustment of the material flow within the die. The low propagation loss of an extruded complex bismuth glass fiber demonstrates the potential of this advanced extrusion technique for the fabrication of novel soft glass and polymer microstructured fiber designs.

215 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To the best of the knowledge, this is the broadest MIR SC generation observed so far in optical fibers and facilitates fiber-based applications in sensing, medical, and biological imaging areas.
Abstract: We experimentally demonstrate mid-infrared (MIR) supercontinuum (SC) generation spanning ∼2.0 to 15.1 μm in a 3 cm-long chalcogenide step-index fiber. The pump source is generated by the difference frequency generation with a pulse width of ∼170 fs, a repetition rate of ∼1000 Hz, and a wavelength range tunable from 2.4 to 11 μm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the broadest MIR SC generation observed so far in optical fibers. It facilitates fiber-based applications in sensing, medical, and biological imaging areas.

207 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A low-loss suspended core As(38)Se(62) fiber with core diameter of 4.5 μm and a zero-dispersion wavelength of 3.5μm was used for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation and was in good correspondence with the calculated dispersion.
Abstract: A low-loss suspended core As(38)Se(62) fiber with core diameter of 4.5 μm and a zero-dispersion wavelength of 3.5 μm was used for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. The dispersion of the fiber was measured from 2.9 to 4.2 μm and was in good correspondence with the calculated dispersion. An optical parametric amplifier delivering 320 fs pulses with a peak power of 14.8 kW at a repetition rate of 21 MHz was used to pump 18 cm of suspended core fiber at different wavelengths from 3.3 to 4.7 μm. By pumping at 4.4 μm with a peak power of 5.2 kW coupled to the fiber a supercontinuum spanning from 1.7 to 7.5 μm with an average output power of 15.6 mW and an average power >5.0 μm of 4.7 mW was obtained.

184 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The basic capabilities of low-loss chalcogenide waveguides for spectroscopy were demonstrated by measuring the absorption spectrum of soluble Prussian blue in Dimethyl Sulphoxide.
Abstract: Pan Ma acknowledges the financial support from the China Scholarship Council for her joint PhD Scholarship No. 201206020094. Yi Yu acknowledges the financial support from the China Scholarship Council for her PhD Scholarship No.201206110048. This research was conducted by the Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (project number CE110001018). Dr. Zhiyong Yang is supported by ARC DECRA project DE120101036 and Dr. Duk-Yong Choi by ARC Future Fellowship FT110100853. Dr. Xin Gai is supported by Discovery project DP130100086. Device fabrication was supported by the ANU node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF).

163 citations