Wide-band supercontinuum generation in mid-IR using polarization maintaining chalcogenide photonic quasi-crystal fiber.
TL;DR: The proposed PQF-based SC source is a good candidate for applications such as optical sensing, frequency metrology, and optical tomography as the two orthogonally polarized modes allow the high degree of freedom in tuning the properties of the SC.
Abstract: We report a polarization maintaining chalcogenide (ChG) photonic quasicrystal fiber (PQF) for wide-band mid-IR (MIR) supercontinuum (SC) generation The numerical demonstration of SC generation in the proposed PQF spans from 2 to 15 μm wavelengths for a pulse power of 2 kW Besides, the proposed PQF offers a high birefringence (10−3 to 10−2) from 35 to 15 μm wavelengths and exhibits a low confinement loss (10−7 to 10−1) for the wavelengths from 2 to 15 μm with single mode behavior The proposed Ge115As24Se645 PQF is designed with zero dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs) at 433 and 446 μm for X and Y polarized modes within the wavelength range of 2–15 μm The polarized spectral broadening of the continuum is realized for the first time from 2 to 15 μm using the proposed PQF with a length of 8 mm Hence, the two orthogonally polarized modes allow the high degree of freedom in tuning the properties of the SC Thus, the proposed PQF-based SC source is a good candidate for applications such as optical sensing, frequency metrology, and optical tomography
Citations
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01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this article, a review of numerical and experimental studies of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber is presented over the full range of experimentally reported parameters, from the femtosecond to the continuous-wave regime.
Abstract: A topical review of numerical and experimental studies of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber is presented over the full range of experimentally reported parameters, from the femtosecond to the continuous-wave regime. Results from numerical simulations are used to discuss the temporal and spectral characteristics of the supercontinuum, and to interpret the physics of the underlying spectral broadening processes. Particular attention is given to the case of supercontinuum generation seeded by femtosecond pulses in the anomalous group velocity dispersion regime of photonic crystal fiber, where the processes of soliton fission, stimulated Raman scattering, and dispersive wave generation are reviewed in detail. The corresponding intensity and phase stability properties of the supercontinuum spectra generated under different conditions are also discussed.
360 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an ultra-broadband coherent mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) extending from 1.25 to 20μm was generated using a novel AsSe2-As2S5 multimaterial photonic crystal fiber (PCF).
Abstract: In this paper, we report on the simulation of an ultra-broadband coherent mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) extending from 1.25 to 20 μm generated using a novel AsSe2-As2S5 multimaterial photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The proposed fiber is composed of a core made of AsSe2 glass and a surrounding cladding made of As2S5 glass. The hybrid PCF is designed to have a zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) of 3.3 μm with an overall highly engineered group velocity dispersion shifted to the mid-infrared wavelength region. The SC is generated by pumping 50 fs pulses at 4 μm emitted from an optical parameter amplifier with low energy of 0.625 nJ. The pumping wavelength is selected in the anomalous dispersion regime close to the ZDW. The widening of the SC is mainly based on the soliton effects in the anomalous dispersion region combined with self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering, four-wave mixing, and dispersive wave. The obtained SC shows a high degree of coherence and a 15 fs temporal compressed pulse is generated in only 5 mm long AsSe2-As2S5 hybrid PCF. The power proportion of the SC generated beyond 4 μm is 98% with its long wavelength edge up to 20 μm. To the best of our knowledge, the obtained SC is the first broadest spectrum reported in the mid-infrared region with very low energy. Our results highlight the potential of the novel chalcogenide AsSe2-As2S5 multimaterial PCF to emit across the ultra-broadband mid-infrared atmospheric windows and the molecular fingerprint region.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a polarization-maintaining CS2-core photonic crystal fiber is designed and it is demonstrated that the x-polarization fundamental mode has an all-normal dispersion profile and the corresponding y-polarsization fundamental modes has an anomalous dispersion profiles for a pump wavelength of 1.76 μm.
Abstract: In this paper, we design a polarization-maintaining CS2-core photonic crystal fiber (PM-CCPCF). The two air holes in the x direction are infiltrated with C2H5OH in order to introduce birefringence. By optimizing the structure parameters of the PM-CCPCF, it is demonstrated that the x-polarization fundamental mode has an all-normal dispersion profile and the corresponding y-polarization fundamental mode has an anomalous dispersion profile for a pump wavelength of 1.76 μm. Then, we investigate the supercontinuum (SC) generations when different fiber lengths, pump peak powers, and pump pulse widths are chosen, respectively. Simulation results show that for the x-polarization and y-polarization fundamental modes, highly coherent SCs can be generated by appropriately choosing the fiber length and pump pulse parameters. Finally, nonlinear propagation dynamics are analysed when the optimized fiber length and pump pulse parameters are used. The bandwidth of the SCs generated for the x-polarization and y-polarization fundamental modes can be up to 0.82 and 1.26 octave, respectively.
18 citations
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the applications of supercontinuum sources and apply them to the field of littérature, including the use of microspectroscopies.
Abstract: .................................................................................................................................... III TABLE DES MATIERES ............................................................................................................... IV LISTE DES TABLEAUX................................................................................................................. VI LISTE DES FIGURES ................................................................................................................... VII LISTE DES ABBREVIATIONS ET DES ACRONYMES ........................................................... XI REMERCIEMENTS ..................................................................................................................... XIV AVANT-PROPOS ..........................................................................................................................XV 0. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 0.1 Les motivations ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 0.2 Pourquoi le supercontinuum (en bref...) ? ..................................................................................................... 1 0.3 Pourquoi l’infrarouge moyen? ............................................................................................................................ 2 0.4 Pourquoi la fibre optique? .................................................................................................................................... 4 1. CHAPITRE 1 : BASES THEORIQUES ET APPLICATIONS SUR LA GENERATION DE SUPERCONTINUUM ............................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Applications des sources de supercontinuum .............................................................................................. 7 1.1.1 La télédétection ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1.2 La microspectroscopie .................................................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 Revue de littérature ............................................................................................................................................. 19 1.2.1 Les lasers de pompage disponibles émettant dans le mid-IR ...................................................................... 19 1.2.2 Les SC pompés par des lasers à l’état solide ......................................................................................................... 28 1.2.3 Les SC pompés par des lasers à fibre optique ...................................................................................................... 33 1.2.4 Conclusion de la revue de littérature ....................................................................................................................... 38 1.3 La fibre optique, sa conception et l’optique linéaire ............................................................................... 39 1.3.1 La fibre optique à saut d’indice ................................................................................................................................... 39 1.3.2 Le choix des verres ............................................................................................................................................................ 40 1.3.3 La constante de propagation et la dispersion de guidage .............................................................................. 44 1.3.4 Les techniques pour ajuster la dispersion de guidage ..................................................................................... 45
12 citations
01 Mar 2020
TL;DR: In this article, both the birefringence and dispersion properties of a polarization-maintaining chalcogenide (ChG) photonic crystal fiber are numerically investigated by means of the finite element method.
Abstract: The photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a bunch of air holes enclosing the silica core field has momentous and compelling attributes when compared with the ordinary single-mode fibers. In this work, both the birefringence and dispersion properties of a polarization-maintaining chalcogenide (ChG) photonic crystal fiber are numerically investigated by means of the finite element method. Through simulation, it is found that the birefringence of the proposed $${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}}_{11.5}{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}}_{24}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}}_{64.5}$$
PCF can reach as high as $$0.03$$
when compared with the conventional fiber that has merely $$5\times {10}^{-4}$$
for wavelengths in the 2–10
$$\upmu \mathrm{m}$$
range. The PCF is designed with zero-dispersion wavelengths for x- and y-polarized modes in the 2–10
$$\upmu \mathrm{m}$$
range. It is also observed that over the entire MIR wavelength range, the GVD remains positive and has a maximum value of 30,000 ps2/nm-km. Hence, the proposed $${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}}_{11.5}{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}}_{24}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}}_{64.5}$$
PCF plays the dual role of acting as a very good polarization-maintaining fiber due to its very high birefringence and an excellent dispersion-compensating fiber due to its large positive GVD. This $${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}}_{11.5}{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}}_{24}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}}_{64.5}$$
PCF serves as a very good candidate for ultra-broadband high bit-rate transmission. Supercontinuum generation is another important application of PCF. Supercontinuum generation is a generation of coherent and broadband light. SC generation in PCFs has several applications in optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical frequency metrology (OFM), pulse compression, and design of ultrafast femtosecond laser pulses.
9 citations
References
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TL;DR: By pumping an 11-cm-long step-index chalcogenide fiber with ∼330 fs pulses at 4.0 μm from an optical parametric amplifier, mid-infrared supercontinuum generation spanning from ∼1.8 to ∼10μm within a dynamic range of ±15dB has been demonstrated at a relatively low power threshold of ∼3000W.
Abstract: By pumping an 11-cm-long step-index chalcogenide fiber with ∼330 fs pulses at 4.0 μm from an optical parametric amplifier, mid-infrared supercontinuum generation spanning from ∼1.8 to ∼10 μm within a dynamic range of ±15 dB has been demonstrated at a relatively low power threshold of ∼3000 W.
160 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present experimental results on supercontinuum generation in a highly birefringent microstructured fiber and investigate the impact of pump wavelength and pulse duration on the continuum and use the results to generate an ultrabroadband continuum.
Abstract: We present experimental results on supercontinuum generation in a highly birefringent microstructured fiber We show that such a fiber offers clear advantages for continuum generation over weakly birefringent fibers In particular, the polarization is preserved along the fiber for all the spectral components Furthermore, the two eigenpolarizations exhibit different dispersion characteristics, which provide a convenient way of tuning the properties of the generated continuum We investigate the impact of the pump wavelength and pulse duration on the continuum and use the results to generate an ultrabroadband continuum extending from 400 to 1750 nm
150 citations
TL;DR: Supercontinuum simulations for a specific chalcogenide microporous fiber design are performed that demonstrate the potential of the proposed microstructured fiber design to generate a broad continuum in the middle-infrared region using pulsed CO(2) laser as a pump.
Abstract: A new type of microstructured fiber for mid-infrared light is introduced. The chalcogenide glass-based microporous fiber allows extensive dispersion engineering that enables design of flattened waveguide dispersion windows and multiple zero-dispersion points - either blue-shifted or red-shifted from the bulk material zero-dispersion point - including the spectral region of CO(2) laser lines approximately 10.6 microm. Supercontinuum simulations for a specific chalcogenide microporous fiber are performed that demonstrate the potential of the proposed microstructured fiber design to generate a broad continuum in the middle-infrared region using pulsed CO(2) laser as a pump. In addition, an analytical description of the Raman response function of chalcogenide As(2)Se(3) is provided, and a Raman time constant of 5.4 fs at the 1.54 microm pump is computed. What distinguishes the microporous fiber from the microwire, nanowire and other small solid-core designs is the prospect of extensive chromatic dispersion engineering combined with the low loss guidance created by the porosity, thus offering long interaction lengths in nonlinear media.
110 citations
TL;DR: Based on a recent formulation of the V-parameter of a photonic crystal fiber, this work provides numerically based empirical expressions for this quantity only dependent on the two structural parameters - the air hole diameter and the hole-to-hole center spacing.
Abstract: Based on a recent formulation of the V–parameter of a photonic crystal fiber we provide numerically based empirical expressions for this quantity only dependent on the two structural parameters—the air hole diameter and the hole-to-hole center spacing. Based on the unique relation between the V–parameter and the equivalent mode field radius we identify how the parameter space for these fibers is restricted in order for the fibers to remain single mode while still having a guided mode confined to the core region.
107 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a numerical study of the polarization properties of the broadband supercontinuum (SC) generated in birefringent photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) is presented.
Abstract: We present a numerical study of the polarization properties of the broadband supercontinuum (SC) generated in birefringent photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). The simulations are based on generalized coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations with quantum noise taken into account. The simulations illustrate the complicated polarization behavior in the SC spectra and show that the pulse-to-pulse polarization state of SC spectra fluctuates because of vector modulation instability. We investigate the polarization stability and uniformity of SC spectra under several simulation conditions and discuss generation of the SC in birefringent PCFs for applications with various polarization requirements.
104 citations