Wireless Mesh Networks Design — A Survey
TL;DR: Different aspects of WMNs design are surveyed and various methods that have been proposed either to improve the performance of an already deployed network or to improve its performance by a careful planning of its deployment are examined.
Abstract: With the advances in wireless technologies and the explosive growth of the Internet, wireless networks, especially Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs), are going through an important evolution. Designing efficient WMNs has become a major task for networks operators. Over the last few years, a plethora of studies has been carried out to improve the efficiency of wireless networks. However, only a few studies are related to WMNs design and are mainly concerned with protocol design and routing metrics optimization. In this paper, we survey different aspects of WMNs design and examine various methods that have been proposed either to improve the performance of an already deployed network or to improve its performance by a careful planning of its deployment.
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TL;DR: This article comprehensively survey studies that examine the SDN paradigm in optical networks; in brief, it mainly organize the SDON studies into studies focused on the infrastructure layer, the control layer, and the application layer.
Abstract: The emerging software defined networking (SDN) paradigm separates the data plane from the control plane and centralizes network control in an SDN controller. Applications interact with controllers to implement network services, such as network transport with quality of service. SDN facilitates the virtualization of network functions so that multiple virtual networks can operate over a given installed physical network infrastructure. Due to the specific characteristics of optical (photonic) communication components and the high optical transmission capacities, SDN-based optical networking poses particular challenges, but holds also great potential. In this article, we comprehensively survey studies that examine the SDN paradigm in optical networks; in brief, we survey the area of software defined optical networks (SDONs). We mainly organize the SDON studies into studies focused on the infrastructure layer, the control layer, and the application layer. Moreover, we cover SDON studies focused on network virtualization, as well as SDON studies focused on the orchestration of multilayer and multidomain networking. Based on the survey, we identify open challenges for SDONs and outline future directions.
269 citations
TL;DR: The problem of network-wide energy consumption minimization under the network throughput constraint is formulates as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem by jointly optimizing routing, rate control, and power allocation and the min-max fairness model is applied to address the fairness issue.
Abstract: The increasing demand for wireless services has led to a severe energy consumption problem with the rising of greenhouse gas emission. While the renewable energy can somehow alleviate this problem, the routing, flow rate, and power still have to be well investigated with the objective of minimizing energy consumption in multi-hop energy renewable wireless mesh networks (ER-WMNs). This paper formulates the problem of network-wide energy consumption minimization under the network throughput constraint as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem by jointly optimizing routing, rate control, and power allocation. Moreover, the min-max fairness model is applied to address the fairness issue because the uneven routing problem may incur the sharp reduction of network performance in multi-hop ER-WMNs. Due to the high computational complexity of the formulated mathematical programming problem, an energy-aware multi-path routing algorithm (EARA) is also proposed to deal with the joint control of routing, flow rate, and power allocation in practical multi-hop WMNs. To search the optimal routing, it applies a weighted Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm, where the weight is defined as a function of the power consumption and residual energy of a node. Extensive simulation results are presented to show the performance of the proposed schemes and the effects of energy replenishment rate and network throughput on the network lifetime.
85 citations
Cites background from "Wireless Mesh Networks Design — A S..."
...Due to the high computational complexity of the formulated mathematical programming problem, an energy-aware multi-path routing algorithm (EARA) is also proposed to deal with the joint control of routing, flow rate, and power allocation in practical multi-hop WMNs....
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TL;DR: A comprehensive survey on a number of research studies that propose various channel assignment techniques to extract the best performance from a multi-radio wireless mesh network and categorizes the techniques and presents an exhaustive comparison among them.
Abstract: With the advent of multiple radio interfaces on a single device, wireless mesh networks start to achieve significant improvement in network capacity, latency, and fault tolerance. The improvement is achieved through concurrent transmissions over different channels utilizing the multiple radio interfaces. However, the introduction of different channels over multiple radios on single mesh node compels to retrospect different issues such as interference, channel diversity, and channel switching from novel perspectives. Due to these novel perspectives, conventional channel assignment techniques proposed for single-radio wireless mesh networks are not generally applicable to the multi-radio cases. Consequently, we have to reconsider the different issues while making a tradeoff among all the available channel assignment options to extract the best performance from a multi-radio wireless mesh network. There are a number of research studies that propose various channel assignment techniques to extract the best performance. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on these studies. First, we point out various design issues pertinent to the techniques presented in the studies, and adopt the issues as the basis of our further discussion. Second, we briefly describe several important already-proposed channel assignment techniques. Third, we present a number of channel assignment metrics that are exploited by the already-proposed techniques. Then, depending on the considerations in these techniques, we categorize the techniques and present an exhaustive comparison among them. Nevertheless, we point out a number of real deployments and applications of these techniques in real scenarios. Finally, we identify several open issues for future research with their current status in the literature.
72 citations
Additional excerpts
...Several research studies [34], [90], [99], [104], [115], [117], [118]...
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Patent•
11 Mar 2014
TL;DR: A private overlay network is introduced into an existing core network infrastructure to control information flow between private secure environments, and can be used to connect a factory automation network linking operations devices to a corporate network linking various business units, with enhanced network security.
Abstract: A private overlay network is introduced into an existing core network infrastructure to control information flow between private secure environments. Such a scheme can be used to connect a factory automation network linking operations devices to a corporate network linking various business units, with enhanced network security. Such a connection can be facilitated by introducing into the existing infrastructure a set of industrial security appliances (ISAs) that work together to create an encrypted tunnel between the two networks. The set of ISAs can be scalable to overlay differently sized core networks, to create the private overlay network. Connections to the private overlay network can be managed by the ISAs in a distributed fashion, implementing a peer-to-peer dynamic mesh policy. The industrial security system disclosed may be particularly advantageous in environments such as public utility systems, medical facilities, and energy delivery systems.
59 citations
TL;DR: This paper intends to produce a comprehensive survey of resource reservation approaches for IEEE 802.11-based wireless networks, highlighting both the drawbacks and the merits of each kind of resource reservations scheme.
Abstract: IEEE 802.11-based wireless technology is widely applied in many areas, supporting communications where wired devices are not available. However, providing satisfactory QoS is still a challenging topic in 802.11-based wireless networks because of the problems such as error-prone wireless channel condition, power consumption, short of centralised facility, mobility as well as channel contention. For addressing these issues, one feasible solution can be to implement resource reservation for the sessions that require QoS assurances. The responsibility of resource reservation scheme is to make sure that QoS-sensitive sessions get sufficient bandwidth in order to sustain their high performance. Difficulties are already identified for designing resource reservation schemes in both network and MAC layers. However, there is no profound investigation outcome for this kind of QoS mechanism. Therefore, in this paper, we intend to produce a comprehensive survey of resource reservation approaches for IEEE 802.11-based wireless networks. The associated research works are summarised and also classified. Moreover, both the drawbacks and the merits of each kind of resource reservation scheme are highlighted.
43 citations
Cites background from "Wireless Mesh Networks Design — A S..."
...11-based wireless mesh networking technique can also make multi-hop communication in large-scale wireless networks practical, providing a solution to metropolitan area networks [3], [4], as for example ‘smart city’ shown in Fig....
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References
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01 Jan 2012
139,059 citations
"Wireless Mesh Networks Design — A S..." refers background in this paper
...2 depicts the case of multiple radios routers where each router is equipped with two radio interfaces for the backhaul side communications and one radio interface for the client side communications; in a Multi-Radio Multi-channel network, simultaneous communications are possible by using noninterfering channels, which have the potential of significantly increasing the network capacity [2], [3], [4], [5]....
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40,330 citations
"Wireless Mesh Networks Design — A S..." refers methods in this paper
...In [61], [62], [63], [64], and [65] analytical models were presented to investigate the goodput under rate adaptation for 802....
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Book•
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: This text provides an excellent introduction to the use of evolutionary algorithms in multi-objective optimization, allowing use as a graduate course text or for self-study.
Abstract: From the Publisher:
Evolutionary algorithms are relatively new, but very powerful techniques used to find solutions to many real-world search and optimization problems. Many of these problems have multiple objectives, which leads to the need to obtain a set of optimal solutions, known as effective solutions. It has been found that using evolutionary algorithms is a highly effective way of finding multiple effective solutions in a single simulation run. · Comprehensive coverage of this growing area of research · Carefully introduces each algorithm with examples and in-depth discussion · Includes many applications to real-world problems, including engineering design and scheduling · Includes discussion of advanced topics and future research · Features exercises and solutions, enabling use as a course text or for self-study · Accessible to those with limited knowledge of classical multi-objective optimization and evolutionary algorithms The integrated presentation of theory, algorithms and examples will benefit those working and researching in the areas of optimization, optimal design and evolutionary computing. This text provides an excellent introduction to the use of evolutionary algorithms in multi-objective optimization, allowing use as a graduate course text or for self-study.
12,134 citations
01 Aug 1999
TL;DR: This paper proposes several schemes to reduce redundant rebroadcasts and differentiate timing of rebroadcast to alleviate the broadcast storm problem, which is identified by showing how serious it is through analyses and simulations.
Abstract: Broadcasting is a common operation in a network to resolve many issues. In a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) in particular, due to host mobility, such operations are expected to be executed more frequently (such as finding a route to a particular host, paging a particular host, and sending an alarm signal). Because radio signals are likely to overlap with others in a geographical area, a straightforward broadcasting by flooding is usually very costly and will result in serious redundancy, contention, and collision, to which we call the broadcast storm problem. In this paper, we identify this problem by showing how serious it is through analyses and simulations. We propose several schemes to reduce redundant rebroadcasts and differentiate timing of rebroadcasts to alleviate this problem. Simulation results are presented, which show different levels of improvement over the basic flooding approach.
3,819 citations
"Wireless Mesh Networks Design — A S..." refers background in this paper
...Other studies that could be classified as fixed topology design schemes, deal with the construction of networks’ virtual backbones [38], [39], and [40]....
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26 Sep 2004
TL;DR: A new metric for routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless networks with stationary nodes called Weighted Cumulative ETT (WCETT) significantly outperforms previously-proposed routing metrics by making judicious use of the second radio.
Abstract: We present a new metric for routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless networks. We focus on wireless networks with stationary nodes, such as community wireless networks.The goal of the metric is to choose a high-throughput path between a source and a destination. Our metric assigns weights to individual links based on the Expected Transmission Time (ETT) of a packet over the link. The ETT is a function of the loss rate and the bandwidth of the link. The individual link weights are combined into a path metric called Weighted Cumulative ETT (WCETT) that explicitly accounts for the interference among links that use the same channel. The WCETT metric is incorporated into a routing protocol that we call Multi-Radio Link-Quality Source Routing.We studied the performance of our metric by implementing it in a wireless testbed consisting of 23 nodes, each equipped with two 802.11 wireless cards. We find that in a multi-radio environment, our metric significantly outperforms previously-proposed routing metrics by making judicious use of the second radio.
2,633 citations