X Views and Counting Interest in Rape-Oriented Pornography as Gendered Microaggression
TL;DR: Using Google search data, regional analysis of associated interest in rape-oriented pornography and pornographic hubs is provided, including the use of “BDSM” or “bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadomasochism” as a foundational query for use in trend analysis.
Abstract: Academics and activists called to attention decades prior the importance of identifying, analyzing, and tracking the transmission of attitudes, behaviors, and norms correlated with violence against women. A specific call to attention reflected the media as a mode of transmission. This research builds on prior studies of media, with an emphasis on Internet search queries. Using Google search data, for the period 2004 to 2012, this research provides regional analysis of associated interest in rape-oriented pornography and pornographic hubs. Results indicate minor regional variations in interest, including the use of “BDSM” or “bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadomasochism” as a foundational query for use in trend analysis. Interest in rape-oriented pornography by way of pornographic hubs is discussed in the context of microaggression.
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1,324 citations
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16 Sep 2016
TL;DR: JangDong Seo is a Statistical Consultant/Lecturer in the Department of Statistics at Indiana University and a member of the International Association of Statisticians.
Abstract: JangDong Seo is a Statistical Consultant/Lecturer in the Department of Statistics at Indiana University.
42 citations
TL;DR: The findings suggest that online media might correlate with the increasing incidence rate of mass shootings, and evaluated if state-level gun ownership rate, serious mental illness rate, poverty percentage, and gun law permissiveness could predict the state- level mass shooting rate using the Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson regression model.
Abstract: Little is known regarding the time trend of mass shootings and associated risk factors. In the current study, we intended to explore the time trend and relevant risk factors for mass shootings in the U.S. We attempted to identify factors associated with incidence rates of mass shootings at the population level. We evaluated if state-level gun ownership rate, serious mental illness rate, poverty percentage, and gun law permissiveness could predict the state-level mass shooting rate, using the Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson regression model. We also tested if the nationwide incidence rate of mass shootings increased over the past three decades using the non-homogenous Poisson regression model. We further examined if the frequency of online media coverage and online search interest levels correlated with the interval between two consecutive incidents. The results suggest an increasing trend of mass shooting incidences over time (p < 0.001). However, none of the state-level variables could predict the mass shooting rate. Interestingly, we have found inverse correlations between the interval between consecutive shootings and the frequency of on-line related reports as well as on-line search interests, respectively (p < 0.001). Therefore, our findings suggest that online media might correlate with the increasing incidence rate of mass shootings. Future research is warranted to continue monitoring if the incidence rates of mass shootings change with any population-level factors in order to inform us of possible prevention strategies.
39 citations
TL;DR: This review integrates existing studies on web search data that have explored topics including sexual behavior, suicidal behavior, mental health, social prejudice, social inequality, public responses to policies, and other psychosocial issues.
Abstract: The widespread use of web searches in daily life has allowed researchers to study people's online social and psychological behavior. Using web search data has advantages in terms of data objectivity, ecological validity, temporal resolution, and unique application value. This review integrates existing studies on web search data that have explored topics including sexual behavior, suicidal behavior, mental health, social prejudice, social inequality, public responses to policies, and other psychosocial issues. These studies are categorized as descriptive, correlational, inferential, predictive, and policy evaluation research. The integration of theory-based hypothesis testing in future web search research will result in even stronger contributions to social psychology.
24 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: The Rise of the Network Society as discussed by the authors is an account of the economic and social dynamics of the new age of information, which is based on research in the USA, Asia, Latin America, and Europe, it aims to formulate a systematic theory of the information society which takes account of fundamental effects of information technology on the contemporary world.
Abstract: From the Publisher:
This ambitious book is an account of the economic and social dynamics of the new age of information. Based on research in the USA, Asia, Latin America, and Europe, it aims to formulate a systematic theory of the information society which takes account of the fundamental effects of information technology on the contemporary world.
The global economy is now characterized by the almost instantaneous flow and exchange of information, capital and cultural communication. These flows order and condition both consumption and production. The networks themselves reflect and create distinctive cultures. Both they and the traffic they carry are largely outside national regulation. Our dependence on the new modes of informational flow gives enormous power to those in a position to control them to control us. The main political arena is now the media, and the media are not politically answerable.
Manuel Castells describes the accelerating pace of innovation and application. He examines the processes of globalization that have marginalized and now threaten to make redundant whole countries and peoples excluded from informational networks. He investigates the culture, institutions and organizations of the network enterprise and the concomitant transformation of work and employment. He points out that in the advanced economies production is now concentrated on an educated section of the population aged between 25 and 40: many economies can do without a third or more of their people. He suggests that the effect of this accelerating trend may be less mass unemployment than the extreme flexibilization of work and individualization of labor, and, in consequence, a highly segmented socialstructure.
The author concludes by examining the effects and implications of technological change on mass media culture ("the culture of real virtuality"), on urban life, global politics, and the nature of time and history. Written by one of the worlds leading social thinkers and researchers The Rise of the Network Society is the first of three linked investigations of contemporary global, economic, political and social change. It is a work of outstanding penetration, originality, and importance.
15,639 citations
"X Views and Counting Interest in Ra..." refers background in this paper
...The availability and variety of content, largely unfettered in access, has fundamentally influenced generations of individuals (Castells, 1996)....
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TL;DR: A method of analysing large numbers of Google search queries to track influenza-like illness in a population and accurately estimate the current level of weekly influenza activity in each region of the United States with a reporting lag of about one day is presented.
Abstract: This paper - first published on-line in November 2008 - draws on data from an early version of the Google Flu Trends search engine to estimate the levels of flu in a population. It introduces a computational model that converts raw search query data into a region-by-region real-time surveillance system that accurately estimates influenza activity with a lag of about one day - one to two weeks faster than the conventional reports published by the Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. This report introduces a computational model based on internet search queries for real-time surveillance of influenza-like illness (ILI), which reproduces the patterns observed in ILI data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Seasonal influenza epidemics are a major public health concern, causing tens of millions of respiratory illnesses and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths worldwide each year1. In addition to seasonal influenza, a new strain of influenza virus against which no previous immunity exists and that demonstrates human-to-human transmission could result in a pandemic with millions of fatalities2. Early detection of disease activity, when followed by a rapid response, can reduce the impact of both seasonal and pandemic influenza3,4. One way to improve early detection is to monitor health-seeking behaviour in the form of queries to online search engines, which are submitted by millions of users around the world each day. Here we present a method of analysing large numbers of Google search queries to track influenza-like illness in a population. Because the relative frequency of certain queries is highly correlated with the percentage of physician visits in which a patient presents with influenza-like symptoms, we can accurately estimate the current level of weekly influenza activity in each region of the United States, with a reporting lag of about one day. This approach may make it possible to use search queries to detect influenza epidemics in areas with a large population of web search users.
3,984 citations
"X Views and Counting Interest in Ra..." refers background in this paper
...Although a new data source, validation of Internet search queries exists across multiple disciplines, including political science (Bélanger & Meguid, 2008; Reilly, Richey, & Taylor, 2012; Ripberger, 2011; Scharkow & Vogelgesang, 2011; Weeks & Southwell, 2010), epidemiology (see Althouse, Ng, & Cummings, 2011; Ginsberg et al., 2009), health care (Reis & Brownstein, 2010), consumer behavior (Goel, Hofman, Lahaie, Pennock, & Watts, 2010), suicide studies (Marhan, Săucan, Popa, & Danciu, 2012; McCarthy, 2010), and efficacy-based studies within the social sciences (Scheitle, 2011)....
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...…Richey, & Taylor, 2012; Ripberger, 2011; Scharkow & Vogelgesang, 2011; Weeks & Southwell, 2010), epidemiology (see Althouse, Ng, & Cummings, 2011; Ginsberg et al., 2009), health care (Reis & Brownstein, 2010), consumer behavior (Goel, Hofman, Lahaie, Pennock, & Watts, 2010), suicide studies…...
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors trace the use and meaning of rape from Biblical times through to Bangladesh and Vietnam, unravels the origins of rape laws in medieval codes and examines interracial and homosexual rape and child molestation.
Abstract: The author shows why she considers rape not to be just a brutal crime but a reflection of how our society is conditioned. To do this she traces the use and meaning of rape from Biblical times through to Bangladesh and Vietnam, unravels the origins of rape laws in medieval codes and examines interracial and homosexual rape and child molestation. She also includes a discussion of Freudian sexual psychology, legal defence strategy and the message behind popular books, magazines and films. Always, she argues, the myths generated by the latter serve to glamorize the victim while they romanticize the rapist - even in cases of rape murder.
2,592 citations
1,999 citations
"X Views and Counting Interest in Ra..." refers background in this paper
...As Gerbner and Gross (1976) theorized, media merely reflect the character of society....
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1,324 citations
"X Views and Counting Interest in Ra..." refers background in this paper
...In addition, microlevel explanations emerged, including deviant sexual arousal (Abel, Barlow Blanchard, & Guild, 1977), use of pornography (Brownmiller, 1975; Dworkin, 1989; Zillmann & Bryant, 1982), psychiatric disorders (Hockett et al., 2009), and cultural explanations (Brownmiller, 1975)....
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...In addition, microlevel explanations emerged, including deviant sexual arousal (Abel, Barlow Blanchard, & Guild, 1977), use of pornography (Brownmiller, 1975; Dworkin, 1989; Zillmann & Bryant, 1982), psychiatric disorders (Hockett et al....
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..., 2009), and cultural explanations (Brownmiller, 1975)....
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