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Journal ArticleDOI

Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Theo Vos, Abraham D. Flaxman1, Mohsen Naghavi1, Rafael Lozano1  +360 moreInstitutions (143)
15 Dec 2012-The Lancet (Elsevier)-Vol. 380, Iss: 9859, pp 2163-2196
TL;DR: Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated and age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010, but population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades.
About: This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2012-12-15 and is currently open access. It has received 7021 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Years of potential life lost & Global health.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: TCI predicts future burden of dysphoric episodes in the general population, but is a weak predictor of depression outcome in heterogeneous clinical samples.

55 citations

01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: More prevalent ID and lower hepcidin likely reflect an enhanced requirement for iron and an ability to efficiently absorb it at the end of the malaria season, which has implications for ID and malaria control programs.
Abstract: Sarah H. Atkinson*, Andrew E. Armitage*, Shivani Khandwala, Tabitha W. Mwangi, Sophie Uyoga, Philip A. Bejon, Thomas N. Williams, Andrew M. Prentice, Hal Drakesmith Department of Paediatrics, Oxford University Hospitals, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Oxford University Clinical Academic Graduate School, Oxford, UK. Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre of Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi District Hospital, Kilifi, Kenya. MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford University Hospitals, UK. Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK. MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK and MRC Keneba, The Gambia.

55 citations


Cites background or methods from "Years lived with disability (YLDs) ..."

  • ...Malaria is estimated to cause 271 million episodes of febrile illness each year,1 and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is themost common cause of years lived with disability in sub-Saharan Africa.2 ID is known to have a serious impact on child development.3 However, there is concern that iron supplementation may increase the risk of malaria4 and other infectious diseases5 in young children....

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  • ...Malaria is estimated to cause 271 million episodes of febrile illness each year,(1) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is themost common cause of years lived with disability in sub-Saharan Africa.(2) ID is known to have a serious impact on child development....

    [...]

  • ...Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) per height (m).(2)...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To establish priority key messages for patients with osteoarthritis (OA), patients with OA are asked to provide informed consent for treatment and follow-up studies to establish priority messages for further studies.
Abstract: Objective To establish priority key messages for patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Methods A Delphi survey and priority pairwise ranking activity was conducted. Participants included 51 OA experts from 13 countries and 9 patients (consumers) living with hip and/or knee OA. During 3 Delphi rounds, the panel of experts and consumers rated recommendations extracted from clinical guidelines and provided additional statements they considered important. When ≥70% of panel members agreed a statement was “essential,” it was retained for the next Delphi round. The final list of essential statements was reviewed by a consumer focus group and statements were modified for clarity if required. Finally, a priority pairwise ranking activity determined the rank order of the list of essential messages. Results Eighty-five experts and 15 consumers were invited to participate; 51 experts and 9 consumers completed round 1 of the Delphi survey, and 43 experts and 8 consumers completed the final priority ranking activity. From an original list of 114 statements, 21 statements were rated as essential. Most statements (n = 17) related to nondrug treatment approaches for OA. Study limitations included that >50% of the panel comprised of physical therapists lead to high rankings of exercise and physical activity statements and also that only English-language statements were considered. Conclusion OA experts and consumers have identified and prioritized 21 key patient messages about OA. These messages may be used to inform the content of consumer educational materials to ensure patients are educated about the most important aspects of OA and its management.

55 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2017-BMJ Open
TL;DR: The quality of evidence of benefit of combining exercise and dietary interventions in older overweight/obese adults with knee OA is unclear.
Abstract: Background Despite the clinical recommendation of exercise and diet for people with knee osteoarthritis (OA), there are no systematic reviews synthesising the effectiveness of combining physical activity and dietary restriction interventions on the musculoskeletal function of overweight and obese older adults with knee OA. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of combined physical activity and dietary restriction programmes on body weight, body mass index (BMI) and the musculoskeletal function of overweight and obese older adults with knee OA. Information sources A detailed search strategy was applied to key electronic databases (Ovid, Embase, Web of Science andCumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English prior to 15 January 2017. Participants Participants with BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 , aged ≥55 years of age and with radiographic evidence of knee OA. Interventions Physical activity plus dietary restriction programmes with usual care or exercise as the comparators. Outcome measures Primary outcome measures were body weight, BMI or musculoskeletal function. Secondary outcome measures were pain and quality of life. Results One pilot and two definitive trials with n=794 participants were included. Two articles reporting additional data and outcome measures for one of the RCTs were identified. All included RCTs had an unclear risk of bias. Meta-analysis was only possible to evaluate mobility (6 min walk test) at 6 months and the pooled random effect 15.05 (95% CI −11.77 to 41.87) across two trials with n=155 participants did not support the combined intervention programme. Narrative synthesis showed clear differences in favour of a reduced body weight and an increased 6 min walk in the intervention group compared with control groups. Conclusion The quality of evidence of benefit of combining exercise and dietary interventions in older overweight/obese adults with knee OA is unclear. Trail registration number CRD42015019088 and ISRCTN, ISRCTN12906938.

55 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Given that the analgesic benefit of paracetamol in OA joint pain is uncertain and potential safety issues have been raised, more careful consideration of its use is required.
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of pain and physical disability in adults, and an increasingly common disease given its associations with aging and a growing obese/overweight population. Paracetamol is widely recommended for analgesia at an early stage in the management of OA, and, although frequently prescribed, evidence suggests the efficacy of paracetamol for OA pain is low. Furthermore, there have been recent concerns over the safety profile of paracetamol, with reports of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hepatic and renal adverse events. This narrative review summarizes recent literature on the benefits and harms of paracetamol for OA pain. Data on long-term paracetamol safety are derived largely from observational evidence, and are difficult to interpret given the potential biases of such data. Nonetheless, a considerable degree of toxicity is associated with paracetamol use among the general population, especially at the upper end of standard analgesic doses. Paracetamol is linked to liver function abnormalities and there is evidence for liver failure associated with non-intentional paracetamol overdose. Safety data for paracetamol use in the older population (aged >65 years) are sparse; however, there is some evidence that frail elderly people may have impaired paracetamol clearance. Given that the analgesic benefit of paracetamol in OA joint pain is uncertain and potential safety issues have been raised, more careful consideration of its use is required.

55 citations


Cites background from "Years lived with disability (YLDs) ..."

  • ...OA is an increasingly common disease given its associations with aging and a growing obese/overweight population, with symptomatic knee OA affecting more than 250 million older people (>50 years) worldwide [3]....

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Rafael Lozano1, Mohsen Naghavi1, Kyle J Foreman2, Stephen S Lim1  +192 moreInstitutions (95)
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.

11,809 citations

Book
31 Dec 1997
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to establish a database of histological groups and to provide a level of consistency and quality of data that could be applied in the design of future registries.
Abstract: 1. Techniques of registration 2. Classification and coding 3. Histological groups 4. Comparability and quality of data 5. Data processing 6. Age-standardization 7. Incidence data by site and sex for each registry 8. Summary tables presenting age-standardized rates 9. Data on histological type for selected sites

10,160 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
18 Jun 2003-JAMA
TL;DR: Notably, major depressive disorder is a common disorder, widely distributed in the population, and usually associated with substantial symptom severity and role impairment, and while the recent increase in treatment is encouraging, inadequate treatment is a serious concern.
Abstract: ContextUncertainties exist about prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD).ObjectiveTo present nationally representative data on prevalence and correlates of MDD by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, and on study patterns and correlates of treatment and treatment adequacy from the recently completed National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R).DesignFace-to-face household survey conducted from February 2001 to December 2002.SettingThe 48 contiguous United States.ParticipantsHousehold residents ages 18 years or older (N = 9090) who responded to the NCS-R survey.Main Outcome MeasuresPrevalence and correlates of MDD using the World Health Organization's (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), 12-month severity with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS-SR), the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and the WHO disability assessment scale (WHO-DAS). Clinical reinterviews used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV.ResultsThe prevalence of CIDI MDD for lifetime was 16.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.1-17.3) (32.6-35.1 million US adults) and for 12-month was 6.6% (95% CI, 5.9-7.3) (13.1-14.2 million US adults). Virtually all CIDI 12-month cases were independently classified as clinically significant using the QIDS-SR, with 10.4% mild, 38.6% moderate, 38.0% severe, and 12.9% very severe. Mean episode duration was 16 weeks (95% CI, 15.1-17.3). Role impairment as measured by SDS was substantial as indicated by 59.3% of 12-month cases with severe or very severe role impairment. Most lifetime (72.1%) and 12-month (78.5%) cases had comorbid CIDI/DSM-IV disorders, with MDD only rarely primary. Although 51.6% (95% CI, 46.1-57.2) of 12-month cases received health care treatment for MDD, treatment was adequate in only 41.9% (95% CI, 35.9-47.9) of these cases, resulting in 21.7% (95% CI, 18.1-25.2) of 12-month MDD being adequately treated. Sociodemographic correlates of treatment were far less numerous than those of prevalence.ConclusionsMajor depressive disorder is a common disorder, widely distributed in the population, and usually associated with substantial symptom severity and role impairment. While the recent increase in treatment is encouraging, inadequate treatment is a serious concern. Emphasis on screening and expansion of treatment needs to be accompanied by a parallel emphasis on treatment quality improvement.

7,706 citations

Book
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors" and use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020.
Abstract: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors;...generate assessments of numbers of deaths by cause that are consistent with the total numbers of deaths by age sex and region provided by demographers;...provide methodologies for and assessments of aggregate disease burden that combine--into the Disability-Adjusted Life Year or DALY measure--burden from premature mortality with that from living with disability; and...use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020." This first volume includes chapters summarizing results from the project as a whole. (EXCERPT)

7,154 citations

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