Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
TL;DR: Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated and age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010, but population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades.
About: This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2012-12-15 and is currently open access. It has received 7021 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Years of potential life lost & Global health.
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TL;DR: This work examined the cross‐sectional association of sleep apnea and indices of sleep quality with both episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) and found no clear link between the two.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES We examined the cross-sectional association of sleep apnea and indices of sleep quality with both episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM). BACKGROUND Sleep apnea and abnormal patterns of sleep, such as insomnia, were associated with migraine onset, severity, and progression in previous research. METHODS The Chronic Migraine Epidemiology & Outcomes Study, a longitudinal study, used a series of web-based surveys to assess migraine symptoms, burden, and patterns of health care utilization. Quota sampling was used from September 2012 to November 2013 to generate a representative sample of the US population. Persons who screened positive for sleep apnea on the Berlin Questionnaire are said to be at "high risk" for sleep apnea. Respondents indicated if they believed that they had sleep apnea, if a physician had diagnosed it, and if and how they were treated. Other aspects of sleep quality were assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Sleep Measures. RESULTS Of 12,810 eligible respondents with migraine and data on sleep, 11,699 with EM (91.3%) and 1111 with CM (8.7%) provided valid data for this analyses. According to the Berlin Questionnaire, 4739/12,810 (37.0%) were at "high risk" for sleep apnea, particularly persons with CM vs EM (575/1111 [51.8%] vs 4164/11,699 [35.6%]), men vs women (1431/3220 [44.4%] vs 3308/9590 [34.5%]), people with higher body mass index, and older people (all P < .001). Among respondents to the MOS Sleep Measures, persons with CM were more likely to report poor sleep quality than those with EM, including sleep disturbance (mean [SD] values: 53.2 [26.9] vs 37.9 [24.3]), snoring (38.0 [33.9] vs 31.0 [32.1]), shortness of breath (34.9 [29.8] vs 15.3 [20.6]), somnolence (44.1 [23.4] vs 32.2 [21.2]), and less likely to report sleep adequacy (34.0 [24.2] vs 39.2 [22.1]). CONCLUSIONS Compared with respondents with EM, a larger proportion of those with CM were at "high risk" for sleep apnea and reported poor sleep quality. This reflects an association between CM vs EM and sleep apnea and poor sleep quality; the potential relationships are discussed.
53 citations
TL;DR: The methodological progression of the disability-adjusted life year is reviewed, focusing on how the use of life expectancy estimates, disability weights, age weighting, and discounting has evolved since the first DALY reports were published in 1993.
Abstract: The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a summary health measure that combines mortality and morbidity into a single measure as a way to estimate global disease burden and the effectiveness of health interventions. We review the methodological progression of the DALY, focusing on how the use of life expectancy estimates, disability weights, age weighting, and discounting has evolved since the first DALY reports were published in 1993. These changes have generally improved the metric but have made it difficult for researchers to interpret, compare, and conduct DALY studies.
53 citations
TL;DR: Knee pain while ascending stairs and while walking on a flat surface or bending to the floor or standing up was a probable limiting factor for physical activity in early and severe knee OA, respectively.
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate whether knee pain during various activities of daily living (ADLs) is associated with physical activity in patients with early and severe knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that the painful ADLs associated with decreased physical activity differ according to disease severity. This cross-sectional study enrolled 270 patients with medial knee OA, assigned to either the early (Kellgren Lawrence [K/L] grade 1-2) or the severe group (K/L grade 3-4). Physical activity was assessed using a pedometer. Knee pain during six ADLs (waking up in the morning, walking on a flat surface, ascending stairs, etc.) was evaluated using a questionnaire. We performed multiple regression and quantile regression analysis to investigate whether knee pain during each ADL was associated with physical activity. In the early group, the more knee pain they experienced while ascending stairs, the lower their physical activity was (75th regression coefficient = -1033.70, P = 0.018). In the severe group, the more knee pain they experienced while walking on a flat surface or bending to the floor or standing up, the lower their physical activity was (unstandardized coefficients = -1850.87, P = 0.026; unstandardized coefficients = -2640.35, P = 0.010). Knee pain while ascending stairs and while walking on a flat surface or bending to the floor or standing up was a probable limiting factor for physical activity in early and severe knee OA, respectively. These findings suggested that a reduction in task-specific knee pain according to disease severity could improve physical activity levels.
53 citations
TL;DR: The contemporary status of in-human trials investigating cellular transplantation for treatment of low back pain is summarized and the current trends, shortcomings, and hurdles for effective clinical trials and consecutive commercialization are highlighted.
Abstract: Low back pain is the primary cause of disability and is highly associated with progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. Current treatment options are limited and fail to address the origin of the problem. New advancements in cellular therapies might offer novel and potent strategies for low back pain patients. In this review, we summarize and discuss the contemporary status of in-human trials investigating cellular transplantation for treatment of low back pain. We aim to highlight current trends, shortcomings, and hurdles for effective clinical trials and consecutive commercialization.
53 citations
TL;DR: It is feasible to collect global surgery indicators across the South Pacific, a diverse geographical region encompassing high-income and low-income countries, and such metrics will allow direct comparison between similar nations, but more importantly provide baseline data that providers and politicians can use in advocacy national health planning.
Abstract: In 2015, the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery (LCoGS) recommended six surgical metrics to enable countries to measure their surgical and anaesthesia care delivery. These indicators have subsequently been accepted by the World Bank for inclusion in the World Development Indicators. With support from the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons and the Pacific Islands Surgical Association, 14 South Pacific countries collaborated to collect the first four of six LCoGS indicators. Thirteen countries collected all four indicators over a 6-month period from October 2015 to April 2016. Australia and New Zealand exceeded the recommended LCoGS target for all four indicators. Only 5 of 13 countries (38%) achieved 2-hour access for at least 80% of their population, with a range of 20% (Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands) to over 65% (Fiji and Samoa). Five of 13 (38%) countries met the target surgical volume of 5000 procedures per 100 000 population, with six performing less than 1600. Four of 14 (29%) countries had at least 20 surgical, anaesthesia and obstetric providers in their workforce per 100 000 population, with a range of 0.9 (Timor Leste) to 18.5 (Tuvalu). Perioperative mortality rate was reported by 13 of 14 countries, and ranged from 0.11% to 1.0%. We believe it is feasible to collect global surgery indicators across the South Pacific, a diverse geographical region encompassing high-income and low-income countries. Such metrics will allow direct comparison between similar nations, but more importantly provide baseline data that providers and politicians can use in advocacy national health planning.
53 citations
References
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TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
11,809 citations
Book•
31 Dec 1997
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to establish a database of histological groups and to provide a level of consistency and quality of data that could be applied in the design of future registries.
Abstract: 1. Techniques of registration 2. Classification and coding 3. Histological groups 4. Comparability and quality of data 5. Data processing 6. Age-standardization 7. Incidence data by site and sex for each registry 8. Summary tables presenting age-standardized rates 9. Data on histological type for selected sites
10,160 citations
TL;DR: Notably, major depressive disorder is a common disorder, widely distributed in the population, and usually associated with substantial symptom severity and role impairment, and while the recent increase in treatment is encouraging, inadequate treatment is a serious concern.
Abstract: ContextUncertainties exist about prevalence and correlates of major depressive
disorder (MDD).ObjectiveTo present nationally representative data on prevalence and correlates
of MDD by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, and on study
patterns and correlates of treatment and treatment adequacy from the recently
completed National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R).DesignFace-to-face household survey conducted from February 2001 to December
2002.SettingThe 48 contiguous United States.ParticipantsHousehold residents ages 18 years or older (N = 9090) who responded
to the NCS-R survey.Main Outcome MeasuresPrevalence and correlates of MDD using the World Health Organization's
(WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), 12-month severity
with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS-SR),
the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and the WHO disability assessment scale
(WHO-DAS). Clinical reinterviews used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV.ResultsThe prevalence of CIDI MDD for lifetime was 16.2% (95% confidence interval
[CI], 15.1-17.3) (32.6-35.1 million US adults) and for 12-month was 6.6% (95%
CI, 5.9-7.3) (13.1-14.2 million US adults). Virtually all CIDI 12-month cases
were independently classified as clinically significant using the QIDS-SR,
with 10.4% mild, 38.6% moderate, 38.0% severe, and 12.9% very severe. Mean
episode duration was 16 weeks (95% CI, 15.1-17.3). Role impairment as measured
by SDS was substantial as indicated by 59.3% of 12-month cases with severe
or very severe role impairment. Most lifetime (72.1%) and 12-month (78.5%)
cases had comorbid CIDI/DSM-IV disorders, with MDD
only rarely primary. Although 51.6% (95% CI, 46.1-57.2) of 12-month cases
received health care treatment for MDD, treatment was adequate in only 41.9%
(95% CI, 35.9-47.9) of these cases, resulting in 21.7% (95% CI, 18.1-25.2)
of 12-month MDD being adequately treated. Sociodemographic correlates of treatment
were far less numerous than those of prevalence.ConclusionsMajor depressive disorder is a common disorder, widely distributed in
the population, and usually associated with substantial symptom severity and
role impairment. While the recent increase in treatment is encouraging, inadequate
treatment is a serious concern. Emphasis on screening and expansion of treatment
needs to be accompanied by a parallel emphasis on treatment quality improvement.
7,706 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors" and use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020.
Abstract: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors;...generate assessments of numbers of deaths by cause that are consistent with the total numbers of deaths by age sex and region provided by demographers;...provide methodologies for and assessments of aggregate disease burden that combine--into the Disability-Adjusted Life Year or DALY measure--burden from premature mortality with that from living with disability; and...use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020." This first volume includes chapters summarizing results from the project as a whole. (EXCERPT)
7,154 citations