Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
TL;DR: Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated and age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010, but population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades.
About: This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2012-12-15 and is currently open access. It has received 7021 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Years of potential life lost & Global health.
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TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
11,809 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; sum of years lived with disability [YLD] and years of life lost [YLL]) attributable to the independent effects of 67 risk factors and clusters of risk factors for 21 regions in 1990 and 2010.
9,324 citations
TL;DR: These new risk maps and infection estimates provide novel insights into the global, regional and national public health burden imposed by dengue and will help to guide improvements in disease control strategies using vaccine, drug and vector control methods, and in their economic evaluation.
Abstract: Dengue is a systemic viral infection transmitted between humans by Aedes mosquitoes. For some patients, dengue is a life-threatening illness. There are currently no licensed vaccines or specific therapeutics, and substantial vector control efforts have not stopped its rapid emergence and global spread. The contemporary worldwide distribution of the risk of dengue virus infection and its public health burden are poorly known. Here we undertake an exhaustive assembly of known records of dengue occurrence worldwide, and use a formal modelling framework to map the global distribution of dengue risk. We then pair the resulting risk map with detailed longitudinal information from dengue cohort studies and population surfaces to infer the public health burden of dengue in 2010. We predict dengue to be ubiquitous throughout the tropics, with local spatial variations in risk influenced strongly by rainfall, temperature and the degree of urbanization. Using cartographic approaches, we estimate there to be 390 million (95% credible interval 284-528) dengue infections per year, of which 96 million (67-136) manifest apparently (any level of disease severity). This infection total is more than three times the dengue burden estimate of the World Health Organization. Stratification of our estimates by country allows comparison with national dengue reporting, after taking into account the probability of an apparent infection being formally reported. The most notable differences are discussed. These new risk maps and infection estimates provide novel insights into the global, regional and national public health burden imposed by dengue. We anticipate that they will provide a starting point for a wider discussion about the global impact of this disease and will help to guide improvements in disease control strategies using vaccine, drug and vector control methods, and in their economic evaluation.
7,238 citations
TL;DR: WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, SCM, FAHA Michael J. Reeves, PhD Matthew Ritchey, PT, DPT, OCS, MPH Carlos J. Jiménez, ScD, SM Lori Chaffin Jordan,MD, PhD Suzanne E. Judd, PhD
Abstract: WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, SCM, FAHA Michael J. Blaha, MD, MPH Stephanie E. Chiuve, ScD Mary Cushman, MD, MSc, FAHA Sandeep R. Das, MD, MPH, FAHA Rajat Deo, MD, MTR Sarah D. de Ferranti, MD, MPH James Floyd, MD, MS Myriam Fornage, PhD, FAHA Cathleen Gillespie, MS Carmen R. Isasi, MD, PhD, FAHA Monik C. Jiménez, ScD, SM Lori Chaffin Jordan, MD, PhD Suzanne E. Judd, PhD Daniel Lackland, DrPH, FAHA Judith H. Lichtman, PhD, MPH, FAHA Lynda Lisabeth, PhD, MPH, FAHA Simin Liu, MD, ScD, FAHA Chris T. Longenecker, MD Rachel H. Mackey, PhD, MPH, FAHA Kunihiro Matsushita, MD, PhD, FAHA Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH, FAHA Michael E. Mussolino, PhD, FAHA Khurram Nasir, MD, MPH, FAHA Robert W. Neumar, MD, PhD, FAHA Latha Palaniappan, MD, MS, FAHA Dilip K. Pandey, MBBS, MS, PhD, FAHA Ravi R. Thiagarajan, MD, MPH Mathew J. Reeves, PhD Matthew Ritchey, PT, DPT, OCS, MPH Carlos J. Rodriguez, MD, MPH, FAHA Gregory A. Roth, MD, MPH Wayne D. Rosamond, PhD, FAHA Comilla Sasson, MD, PhD, FAHA Amytis Towfighi, MD Connie W. Tsao, MD, MPH Melanie B. Turner, MPH Salim S. Virani, MD, PhD, FAHA Jenifer H. Voeks, PhD Joshua Z. Willey, MD, MS John T. Wilkins, MD Jason HY. Wu, MSc, PhD, FAHA Heather M. Alger, PhD Sally S. Wong, PhD, RD, CDN, FAHA Paul Muntner, PhD, MHSc On behalf of the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update
7,190 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive update of disease burden worldwide incorporating a systematic reassessment of disease and injury-specific epidemiology has been done since the 1990 study, and the authors aimed to calculate disease burden globally and for 21 regions for 1990, 2005, and 2010 with methods to enable meaningful comparisons over time.
7,020 citations
References
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TL;DR: Differences in HALE between smoking, obese and 'healthy living' cohorts are substantial and similar to differences in LE, however, results do not indicate that substantial compression of morbidity is to be expected as a result of successful smoking or obesity prevention.
Abstract: Background: Smoking and obesity are risk factors causing a large burden of disease. To help formulate and prioritize among smoking and obesity prevention activities, estimations of health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for cohorts that differ solely in their lifestyle (e.g. smoking vs. non smoking) can provide valuable information. Furthermore, in combination with estimates of life expectancy (LE), it can be tested whether prevention of obesity and smoking results in compression of morbidity. Methods: Using a dynamic population model that calculates the incidence of chronic disease conditional on epidemiological risk factors, we estimated LE and HALE at age 20 for a cohort of smokers with a normal weight (BMI 30) and a cohort of 'healthy living' people (i.e. non smoking with a BMI < 25). Health state valuations for the different cohorts were calculated using the estimated disease prevalence rates in combination with data from the Dutch Burden of Disease study. Health state valuations are multiplied with life years to estimate HALE. Absolute compression of morbidity is defined as a reduction in unhealthy life expectancy (LE-HALE) and relative compression as a reduction in the proportion of life lived in good health (LE-HALE)/LE.
78 citations
TL;DR: Some of the most important problems identified-depression, osteoarthritis and alcohol abuse-would have been overlooked in an analysis based solely on mortality data, and the most striking finding is the importance of mental health problems.
Abstract: Background Examining life expectancy and general mortality rates, the health of the population of Geneva can be described as one of the best in the world However, in some areas Geneva fares worse than the rest of Switzerland or Europe To reappraise the current health priorities of the Genevan population, we analysed the relative importance of specific diseases and injuries calculating DALYs Methods We followed the procedures developed for the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to ensure comparability Some adaptations were made for mortality coding Disability was estimated based on data for countries classified as Established Market Economies (EME) in the GBD study Results Non-communicable diseases accounted for 79% of the disability adjusted life years (DALY), injuries represented 12%, and communicable diseases and other disorders 9% Ischaemic heart disease was the largest single contributor to DALY, followed by unipolar major depression Neuropsychiatric disorders and mental health accounted for more than 23% of DALY Conclusions Some of the most important problems identified—depression, osteoarthritis and alcohol abuse—would have been overlooked in an analysis based solely on mortality data The most striking finding is the importance of mental health problems The main limitation is the lack of morbidity data for Geneva
75 citations
TL;DR: Empirical, large-scale, high-resolution infection risk estimates for S. mansoni and S. haematobium in eastern Africa can guide future control interventions and provide a benchmark for subsequent monitoring and evaluation activities.
73 citations
TL;DR: Albendazole successfully rid the children of Ascaris but it was less effective against Trichuris, and comparison of the treated and placebo groups showed no positive effect of deworming.
Abstract: Intestinal helminths are among the most common infections in school-age children. Of 246 children, aged 7-12 years, attending school in rural Guatemala, 91% carried Ascaris lumbricoides and 82% carried Trichuris trichiura. These children were randomly assigned to receive either albendazole or placebo at 0 and 12 weeks in a 'double-blind' study of the effects of deworming on indicators of school performance. Albendazole successfully rid the children of Ascaris but it was less effective against Trichuris. The children's performance in tests of reading and vocabulary were measured at 0 and 24 weeks, the Peabody picture vocabulary test was given at 24 weeks, and attendance was measured throughout the school year. Comparison of the treated and placebo groups showed no positive effect of deworming. The treated children were largely free of Ascaris for at least 6 months, but during that period we could not detect any improvement in reading, vocabulary, or attendance. The effects of being Trichuris-free were not examined because of the limited effectiveness of albendazole against this worm at the dosage used.
72 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The study shows that the burden of asthma in UK primary care during the 1990s was still increasing, and the hypothesis that the asthma epidemic in the UK peaked in the mid-1990s and is currently declining is tested.
Abstract: OBJECTIF: Estimer les tendances recentes de prevalence des asthmes diagnostiques par le medecin dans les soins de sante primaires au Royaume-Uni et de tester l'hypothese que l'epidemie d'asthme a connu un pic au milieu des annees 1990 et est actuellement en decroissance. METHODES: Une cohorte retrospective des patients asthmatiques a ete obtenue a partir de la Base de donnees de Recherche des Praticiens generalistes (GPRD). Entre janvier 1990 et fevrier 1999, on a suivi les asthmatiques jusqu'au deces, l'ecartement ou la mention de BOC dans leur dossier clinique. Les taux de prevalence des asthmes traites ou non traites ont ete obtenus par sexe, âge et annees de calendrier. RESULTATS ET CONCLUSION : Entre 1990 et 1998, les taux annuels de prevalence des asthmes diagnostiques par les medecins et traites ont augmente chez les femmes de 3,01% (IC95% 2,99-3,03) a 5,14% (IC95% 5,10-5,18) et chez les hommes de 3,44% (IC95% 3,41-3,46) a 5,06% (IC95% 5,02-5,10) (P pour la tendance <0,01 dans les deux cas). Les taux de prevalence des asthmes traites chez les enfants âges de 5 a 14 ans s'elevent a 7,86% (IC95% 7,71-8,00) chez les filles et a 10,30% (IC95% 10,15-10,47) chez les garcons. Une augmentation des taux de prevalence de l'asthme chez les adultes (maximum 4,11% en 1998, IC95% 4,03-4,19) et chez des personnes âgees (maximum 3,37% en 1998, IC95% 3,29-3,46) a ete egalement observee. La charge de l'asthme dans les soins primaires au Royaume Uni au cours des annees 1990 a toujours continue a augmenter.
64 citations