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政治自由主义 = Political liberalism
01 Jan 2000-
About: The article was published on 2000-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1762 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a theoretical contribution to a special issue on societal sustainability, drawing on available literature and knowledge, summarising the conditions under which the concept of sustainability entered political discourse in the early 1970s and outlining how it has influenced educational research.
Abstract: The idea of “sustainability” as a core value has slowly permeated policy and practice at governmental and institutional levels, in public and private policy. However, at times when social and economic crises have revealed the fragility of existing institutions and policies, it is important to consider how sustainability is – and could be – integrated into educational policies. In this theoretical contribution to a special issue on “Societal sustainability”, the authors draw on available literature and knowledge. They begin their paper by summarising the conditions under which the concept of “sustainability” entered political discourse in the early 1970s and outline how it has influenced educational research. They then introduce the longstanding debate about the relative role of tradition (in terms of traditional cultural and social order) and change (in terms of efforts to provide learning opportunities for everyone) in adult education. Finally, they argue for a rethinking of the ontology of sustainability: this, they suggest, can shed new light on its relationships with adult education and learning and social justice.
12 citations
Cites background from "政治自由主义 = Political liberalism"
...…sustainable (economic) growth (Seghezzo 2009) and consider the centrality of social justice theory to mitigate inequalities in societal development (Rawls 1971, 1985, 1993, 2001); then we show that this aspect has been a long-standing matter of debate in adult education, and suggest that an…...
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...The concept of social justice owes considerable debt to the extensive work of American philosopher John Rawls (1971, 1985, 1993, 2001) on the theory of justice and a framework for democratic society from the viewpoint of political philosophy....
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...Keywords adult education, adult learning, education policy, sustainable development, societal sustainability Résumé ((The French translation of the final edited abstract will be added here later)) 1Marcella Milana () Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy e-mail: marcella.milana@univr.it 2Palle Rasmussen Department of Learning and Philosophy, Centre for Education Policy and Evaluation Research, Aalborg University, Denmark e-mail: palleras@learning.aau.dk 3John Holford School of Education, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK e-mail: john.holford@nottingham.ac.uk This article draws and further elaborates on ideas expressed in Milana, M., Rasmussen, P., & Holford, J. (2014)....
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01 Jan 2008
12 citations
02 Oct 2003
TL;DR: Kem et al. as discussed by the authors investigated hypotheses concerning the relationship of moral reasoning and moral development with historical and traditional societal factors; connections to existing social institutions; individual factors; and the relationship between moral decision-making and stages of reasoning by presenting and analyzing results from research conducted in the United States, Poland and Russia.
Abstract: KEM, JACKIE DAVID. Ethics in Times of Transition: Public Ethics and Moral Reasoning in Russia, Poland and the United States. (Under the direction of Dr. G. David Garson, chair and Dr. Debra W. Stewart, co-chair.) The existence of responsible and democratic public administration rests on the presumption that administrators are capable of exercising moral judgment. Is there a difference in moral reasoning among public administrators in different countries? What is the basis for ethical decision-making? Has the democratization process in former communist countries impacted moral reasoning? Does the “rule of law” have a universal meaning, is culture a determinant of moral reasoning, does religion and spirituality have a role? Is there a relationship between moral reasoning and the actual moral choices made? Can moral reasoning and ethics really be taught, or are these characteristics independent of external factors? This research study investigated hypotheses concerning the relationship of moral reasoning and moral development with: 1) historical and traditional societal factors; 2) connections to existing social institutions; 3) individual factors; and 4) the relationship between moral decision-making and stages of moral reasoning by presenting and analyzing results from research conducted in the United States, Poland, and Russia. The findings of this study suggested the following: • If historical and traditional factors within society have weakened support for the “rule of law,” then public officials will “skip” law and order reasoning for principled reasoning as a primary orientation. • If the connections to social institutions, such as the church, trade unions, and the family as independent “society-maintaining” factors are weakened within a society, then the regard for “law and order” reasoning will be weakened. • Regardless of historical/traditional factors and social institutions, individual factors that reinforce the regard for the “rule of law” will result in a stronger orientation towards law and order reasoning. • When contextual historical and traditional factors, social institutions, and individual factors weaken support for “law and order” moral reasoning, they also weaken the relationship between moral reasoning and the actual choices made in moral decision-making. ETHICS IN TIMES OF TRANSITION: PUBLIC ETHICS AND MORAL REASONING IN RUSSIA, POLAND AND THE UNITED STATES By Jackie David Kem A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University In partial fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Raleigh 2003 APPROVED BY: ____________________ ____________________ Dr. G. David Garson Dr. Debra W. Stewart Chair of Advisory Co-chair of Advisory Committee Committee ____________________ ____________________ Dr. James H. Svara Dr. Michael L. Vasu ____________________ Dr. Alan J. Reiman
12 citations
TL;DR: The present paper aims at deepening understanding of the collective decision making context at international level using the grounded theory approach as proposed by Glaser and Strauss in “The Discovery of Grounded Theory” (1967).
Abstract: The international dialogue on responsible governance of nanotechnologies engages a wide range of actors with conflicting as well as common interests. It is also characterised by a lack of evidence-based data on uncertain risks of in particular engineered nanomaterials. The present paper aims at deepening understanding of the collective decision making context at international level using the grounded theory approach as proposed by Glaser and Strauss in “The Discovery of Grounded Theory” (1967). This starts by discussing relevant concepts from different fields including sociological and political studies of international relations as well as political philosophy and ethics. This analysis of current trends in international law making is taken as starting point for exploring the role that a software decision support tool could play in multi-stakeholder global governance of nanotechnologies. These theoretical ideas are then compared with the current design of the SUN Decision Support System (SUNDS) under development in the European project on Sustainable Nanotechnologies (SUN, www.sun-fp7.eu). Through constant comparison, the ideas are also compared with requirements of different stakeholders as expressed during a user workshop. This allows for highlighting discussion points for further consideration.
12 citations
Cites background from "政治自由主义 = Political liberalism"
...The ‘‘original position’’ is individualistic from which evolved ‘‘Political Liberalism’’ (Rawls 1996) which accepts the ‘‘fact of reasonable pluralism’’, the fact that a diversity of reasonable yet conflicting and irreconcilable religious, philosophical or moral doctrines can be affirmed by citizens in the free exercise of their capacity for a conception of the good....
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...The ‘‘original position’’ is individualistic from which evolved ‘‘Political Liberalism’’ (Rawls 1996) which accepts the ‘‘fact of reasonable pluralism’’, the fact that a diversity of reasonable yet conflicting and irreconcilable religious, philosophical or moral doctrines can be affirmed by…...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on a particular understanding of linguistic justice, one described as the "fair background conditions position" and argue that the basic requirement of justice with regard to language is the establishment of certain fair background conditions.
Abstract: This paper focuses on a particular understanding of linguistic justice, one described as the ‘fair background conditions position’. This position has clear liberal-egalitarian roots, and its main feature is the contention that the basic requirement of justice with regard to language is the establishment of certain fair background conditions. The aim of the paper is to further the discussion regarding the implications of this understanding of linguistic justice. It will be argued that current accounts of how we realise fair linguistic conditions are lacking, due to their resource-based nature, which means that they tend to focus solely on people’s holdings of basic linguistic resources, in the form of rights, goods and services. While these resources are important, they should be viewed as only part of the story. If our goal is the establishment of conditions that provide people with truly fair opportunities to use and sustain their respective languages, then other factors, in particular the constr...
12 citations
Cites background from "政治自由主义 = Political liberalism"
...Rather, fairness is served by the establishment of a general context ‘within which permissible forms of life have a fair opportunity to maintain themselves and to gain adherents’ (Rawls 1993, 198)....
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...The state’s responsibility is to ensure that their efforts can take place under ‘fair background conditions’ (Rawls 1993, 199; see also Dworkin 1978)....
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore an important concept in the work of the later Rawls, the idea of the reasonable, and conclude that this concept helps to bridge the gap between liberal theory and democratic practice.
Abstract: This paper aims to explore an important concept in the work of the later Rawls: the idea of the reasonable. While the concept has its roots in both Aristotle and Kant, Rawls develops a unique account of the reasonable in the light of his theory of political liberalism. The paper includes Rawlsian responses to the practical challenges of radical democrats on the one hand, and epistemological challenges to the reasonable on the other. It concludes that Rawls’s account of the reasonable helps to bridge the gap between liberal theory and democratic practice.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors integrate the concern for human development in the present with that in the future, and explore the relationship between distributional equity, sustainable development, optimal growth, and pure time preference.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the materiality of change in urban Africa, focusing particularly on the kitchens of a group of first-generation pro-lifers in the Ivory Coast.
Abstract: Meaning is inscribed in the material/built environment and this article considers the materiality of change in urban Africa, focusing particularly on the kitchens of a group of first-generation pro...
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TL;DR: The notion of deliberative democracy was coined by Bessette, who explicitly coined it to oppose the elitist or "aristocratic" interpretation of the American Constitution.
Abstract: roposed as a reformist and sometimes even as a radical political ideal,deliberative democracy begins with the critique of the standard practices ofliberal democracy. Although the idea can be traced to Dewey and Arendt andthen further back to Rousseau and even Aristotle, in its recent incarnation theterm stems from Joseph Bessette, who explicitly coined it to oppose the elitist or‘‘aristocratic’’ interpretation of the American Constitution.
595 citations
TL;DR: This article propose an anaysis of gender that is broad enough to house the full range of feminist concerns, those central to the old socialist-feminism as well as identity-based conceptions.
Abstract: In the course of the last 30 years, feminist theories of gender have shifted from quasi-Marxist, labor-centered conceptions to putatively ‘post-Marxist’ culture-and identity-based conceptions. Reflecting a broader political move from redistribution to recognition, this shift has been double edged. On the one hand, it has broadened feminist politics to encompass legitimate issues of representation, identity and difference. Yet, in the context of an ascendant neoliberalism, feminist struggles for recognition may be serving less to enrich struggles for redistribution than to displace the latter. Thus, instead of arriving at a broader, richer paradigm that could encompass both redistribution and recognition, feminists appear to have traded one truncated paradigm for another – a truncated economism for a truncated culturalism. This article aims to resist that trend. I propose an anaysis of gender that is broad enough to house the full range of feminist concerns, those central to the old socialist-feminism as w...
570 citations