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政治自由主义 = Political liberalism
01 Jan 2000-
About: The article was published on 2000-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1762 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore an important concept in the work of the later Rawls, the idea of the reasonable, and conclude that this concept helps to bridge the gap between liberal theory and democratic practice.
Abstract: This paper aims to explore an important concept in the work of the later Rawls: the idea of the reasonable. While the concept has its roots in both Aristotle and Kant, Rawls develops a unique account of the reasonable in the light of his theory of political liberalism. The paper includes Rawlsian responses to the practical challenges of radical democrats on the one hand, and epistemological challenges to the reasonable on the other. It concludes that Rawls’s account of the reasonable helps to bridge the gap between liberal theory and democratic practice.
1,108 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors integrate the concern for human development in the present with that in the future, and explore the relationship between distributional equity, sustainable development, optimal growth, and pure time preference.
726 citations
Cites background from "政治自由主义 = Political liberalism"
...London: Joseph Johnson....
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...The idea that ``income'' is what can be spent while leaving the asset base intact is precisely the concept of sustainable income established by John Hicks (1946, p. 172) more than 50 years ago: The purpose of income calculations in practical a airs is to give people an indication of the amount which they can consume without impoverishing themselves....
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...The Eighteenth J. Seward Johnson Lecture....
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...Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press....
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...It is easily seen why Repetto (1985) saw an analogy between the idea of sustainable development and the economic accountant's notion of what spendable income is....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the materiality of change in urban Africa, focusing particularly on the kitchens of a group of first-generation pro-lifers in the Ivory Coast.
Abstract: Meaning is inscribed in the material/built environment and this article considers the materiality of change in urban Africa, focusing particularly on the kitchens of a group of first-generation pro...
635 citations
Cites background from "政治自由主义 = Political liberalism"
...(Superstitious and irrational beliefs do not belong to this field of reasonable disagreement, cf. John Rawls 1993, pp. 54ff.) At the same time there is also a need for institutional interaction, for instance between the judiciary and the political system, as well as between politics as power and…...
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TL;DR: The notion of deliberative democracy was coined by Bessette, who explicitly coined it to oppose the elitist or "aristocratic" interpretation of the American Constitution.
Abstract: roposed as a reformist and sometimes even as a radical political ideal,deliberative democracy begins with the critique of the standard practices ofliberal democracy. Although the idea can be traced to Dewey and Arendt andthen further back to Rousseau and even Aristotle, in its recent incarnation theterm stems from Joseph Bessette, who explicitly coined it to oppose the elitist or‘‘aristocratic’’ interpretation of the American Constitution.
595 citations
TL;DR: This article propose an anaysis of gender that is broad enough to house the full range of feminist concerns, those central to the old socialist-feminism as well as identity-based conceptions.
Abstract: In the course of the last 30 years, feminist theories of gender have shifted from quasi-Marxist, labor-centered conceptions to putatively ‘post-Marxist’ culture-and identity-based conceptions. Reflecting a broader political move from redistribution to recognition, this shift has been double edged. On the one hand, it has broadened feminist politics to encompass legitimate issues of representation, identity and difference. Yet, in the context of an ascendant neoliberalism, feminist struggles for recognition may be serving less to enrich struggles for redistribution than to displace the latter. Thus, instead of arriving at a broader, richer paradigm that could encompass both redistribution and recognition, feminists appear to have traded one truncated paradigm for another – a truncated economism for a truncated culturalism. This article aims to resist that trend. I propose an anaysis of gender that is broad enough to house the full range of feminist concerns, those central to the old socialist-feminism as w...
570 citations
References
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TL;DR: The authors argue that the proper role of religion in the public sphere is to assist in fulfilling essential democratic functions by advocating on behalf of marginalized populations and motivating participation in associations of civil society and the discourses which inform political decision-making.
Abstract: Recent normative accounts of the proper role of religion in the public sphere respond to – and are likely motivated by – both central theoretical difficulties and urgent practical considerations for liberal democracies. On the practical side, churches and other religious voices in the public sphere assist in fulfilling essential democratic functions by advocating on behalf of marginalized populations and motivating participation in the associations of civil society and the discourses which inform political decision-making. On many pressing issues – e.g. war and peace, poverty and social justice, abortion and end-of-life decisions, biomedical research and human nature – religious voices are among the most morally strident and politically efficacious. At the same time, religiously based disagreement and conflict appears to be endemic, both within and beyond the borders of liberal-democratic polities. These disagreements are sometimes successfully negotiated by means of familiar constitutional norms. Some cases give rise to demands for special accommodations, such as exemptions from generally applicable rules or limited governance powers for religious minorities. But more severe and intractable conflicts often yield stronger, opposing reactions, especially in light of resurgent fundamentalisms worldwide. Where some call for containing religion and fortifying the wall of separation between church and state, others increasingly express deep-seated suspicion about, and even hostility toward, liberal-democratic states and their corresponding public political cultures. The theoretical terrain is no less contested. Some of the most interesting discussions have been conducted outside of academic philosophy, where conventional assumptions about religion and the public sphere are being challenged. For example, many 20th-century social scientists, following in the footsteps of Durkheim, Marx and Weber, simply assumed
13 citations
TL;DR: It is claimed that food labelling ought to respect the legitimate interests and the autonomy of both consumers who seek knowledge about their food in order to make informed dietary choices and consumers who prefer to remain ignorant to avoid the emotional and psychological harm, or more simply the loss of enjoyment, which may result from receiving information.
Abstract: Food labelling has been overlooked in the emerging body of lit- erature concerning the normative dimensions of food and drink policies. In this paper, I argue that arguments normally advanced in bioethics and medical ethics regarding the "right to know" and the "right not to know" can provide useful normative guidelines for critically assessing existing and proposed food labelling regimes. More specifically, I claim that food labelling ought to respect the legiti- mate interests and the autonomy of both consumers who seek knowledge about their food in order to make informed dietary choices and consumers who prefer to remain ignorant about the contents and effects of their food in order to avoid the emotional and psychological harm, or more simply the loss of enjoyment, which may result from receiving that information.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that librarians must augment their normative professional codes with a rational decision procedure when faced with a moral dilemma involving a library service, and that the ethical approach of principlism is well-suited to Librarianship.
Abstract: Moral dilemmas are a seemingly intractable part of librarianship. Although professional codes of ethics offer some guidance as to the nature of librarians’ professional obligations, they are generally silent when it comes to moral decision making at the point of service. This article will argue that librarians must augment their normative professional codes with a rational decision procedure when faced with a moral dilemma involving a library service. In particular, the ethical approach of principlism—the dominant ethical approach in medical ethics—is well-suited to librarianship. Pursuant to the principlist approach, this article will qualify the nature of moral dilemmas, establish the limits of professional codes of ethics, identify a candidate set of core principles of library service, and outline the core principlist concepts of specifying obligations and balancing principles.
13 citations
TL;DR: Both diversity and autonomy liberals agree that adults have the right to exit from voluntary associations as discussed by the authors, but children do not have this right, the paradoxical character of the upbringing of childre...
Abstract: Both diversity and autonomy liberals agree that adults have the right to exit from voluntary associations. As children do not have this right, the paradoxical character of the upbringing of childre...
13 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2017
13 citations