Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial
TL;DR: This review takes into account the main results achieved up to now, and is focused on the role that microstructural characteristics play on the TZP ceramics behaviour in ball heads, namely mechanical properties and their stability, wear of the UHMWPE paired to TZp, and their influence on biocompatibility.
About: This article is published in Biomaterials.The article was published on 1999-01-01. It has received 2380 citations till now.
Citations
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TL;DR: The two main processing techniques, soft and hard machining, are assessed in the light of their possible clinical implications and consequences on the long-term performance of zirconia.
1,696 citations
Cites background from "Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial"
...icated to magnesia partially stabilized zirconia (Mg-PSZ) for possible biomedical applications, this material has not been successful due mainly to the presence of porosity, associated with a large grain size (30–60 m) that can induce wear [14,16]....
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...Biomedical grade zirconia usually contains 3 mol% yttria (Y2O3) as a stabilizer (3Y-TZP)[16]....
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TL;DR: Clinical evaluations, which have been ongoing for 3 years, indicate a good success rate for zirconia FPDs, and newly proposed zIRconia implants seem to have good biological and mechanical properties; further studies are needed to validate their application.
1,119 citations
Cites background from "Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial"
...008 other metallic oxides, such as MgO, CaO, or Y2O3, great molecular stability can be obtained.(1) Yttrium-stabilized zirconia, also known as tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (TZP), is presently the most studied combination....
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...Its mechanical properties are very similar to those of metals and its color is similar to tooth color.(1) In 1975, Garvie proposed a model to rationalize the good mechanical properties of zirconia, by virtue of which it has been called ‘‘ceramic steel’’....
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...Its resistance to traction can be as high as 900 1200 MPa and its compression resistance is about 2000 MPa.(1) Cyclical stresses are also tolerated well by this material....
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...4).(1) In order to produce a ZrO2 core for a prosthetic restoration, it is necessary to use a computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system that can deal with zirconia and create a fitting framework....
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...Compression resistance of ZrO2 is about 2000 MPa....
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TL;DR: This article reviews the current literature covering all-ceramic materials and systems, with respect to survival, material properties, marginal and internal fit, cementation and bonding, and color and esthetics, and provides clinical recommendations for their use.
Abstract: Statement of problem Developments in ceramic core materials such as lithium disilicate, aluminum oxide, and zirconium oxide have allowed more widespread application of all-ceramic restorations over the past 10 years. With a plethora of ceramic materials and systems currently available for use, an overview of the scientific literature on the efficacy of this treatment therapy is indicated. Purpose This article reviews the current literature covering all-ceramic materials and systems, with respect to survival, material properties, marginal and internal fit, cementation and bonding, and color and esthetics, and provides clinical recommendations for their use. Material and methods A comprehensive review of the literature was completed seeking evidence for the treatment of teeth with all-ceramic restorations. A search of English language peer-reviewed literature was undertaken using MEDLINE and PubMed with a focus on evidence-based research articles published between 1996 and 2006. A hand search of relevant dental journals was also completed. Randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled studies, longitudinal experimental clinical studies, longitudinal prospective studies, and longitudinal retrospective studies were reviewed. The last search was conducted on June 12, 2007. Data supporting the clinical application of all-ceramic materials and systems was sought. Results The literature demonstrates that multiple all-ceramic materials and systems are currently available for clinical use, and there is not a single universal material or system for all clinical situations. The successful application is dependent upon the clinician to match the materials, manufacturing techniques, and cementation or bonding procedures, with the individual clinical situation. Conclusions Within the scope of this systematic review, there is no evidence to support the universal application of a single ceramic material and system for all clinical situations. Additional longitudinal clinical studies are required to advance the development of ceramic materials and systems.
836 citations
TL;DR: Bond strengths of the luting cement tested on the dental ceramics following surface conditioning methods varied in accordance with the ceramic types, and hydrofluoric acid gel was effective mostly on the ceramic having glassy matrix in their structures.
618 citations
Cites background from "Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial"
...New ceramic systems involve reinforced ceramic cores through dispersion with leucite [1–6], glass infiltration into sintered alumina (Al2O3) [7,8], the use of high-purity alumina [9] or zirconium dioxide (zirconia, ZrO2) [10]....
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...New ceramic systems involve reinforced ceramic cores through dispersion with leucite [1–6], glass infiltration into sintered alumina (Al2O3) [7,8], the use of high-purity alumina [9] or zirconium dioxide (zirconia, ZrO2) [10]....
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TL;DR: A new generation of alumina-zirconia nano-composites having a high resistance to crack propagation, and as a consequence may offer the option to improve lifetime and reliability of ceramic joint prostheses.
556 citations
References
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01 Jul 1959
TL;DR: Recommendations are presented which represent concepts and practices evolved from recent discussions at formal and informal meetings of the Commission and its Committees.
Abstract: The International Commission on Radiological Protection has been functioning since 1928 when it was established, under the name of International X- ray and Radium Protection Commission, by the Second International Congress of Radiology held in Stockholm, Sweden. It assumed the present name and organizational form in 1950 in order to cover more effectively the rapidly expanding field of radiation protection. Recommendations are presented which represent concepts and practices evolved from recent discussions at formal and informal meetings of the Commission and its Committees. (auth)
6,166 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1964
TL;DR: One of the popular books now is the phase diagrams for ceramists as discussed by the authors. You may be confused because you can't find the book in the book store around your city. And when you have found the store to buy the book, it will be so hurt when you run out of it.
Abstract: It's not surprisingly when entering this site to get the book. One of the popular books now is the phase diagrams for ceramists. You may be confused because you can't find the book in the book store around your city. Commonly, the popular book will be sold quickly. And when you have found the store to buy the book, it will be so hurt when you run out of it. This is why, searching for this popular book in this website will give you benefit. You will not run out of this book.
2,678 citations
TL;DR: In certain models of osteoarthrosis, alterations of the bony bed occur before the cartilage changes and suggest that this can occur in clinical conditions.
Abstract: Osteoarthrosis is a physiologic imbalance, a "joint failure" similar to "heart failure," in which mechanical factors play a role. The initiation and progression of cartilage damage are distinct phenomena. One of the mechanisms of initiation may be a steep stiffness gradient in the underlying subchondral bone. Progression of cartilage lesions probably requires stiffened subchondral bone. In such situations, transverse stresses at the base of the articular cartilage could cause deep horizontal splits in that tissue. The most likely cause of subchondral stiffening in an otherwise congruent joint is repeated failure of the musculoskeletal peak dynamic force attenuation mechanisms. The health and integrity of the overlying articular cartilage depends on the mechanical properties of its bony bed. In certain models of osteoarthrosis, alterations of the bony bed occur before the cartilage changes and suggest that this can occur in clinical conditions. Stiffening of the subchondral bone also can effect joint conformation, which involves deformation of articular cartilage and bone to create maximum contact areas under load.
1,052 citations
"Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial" refers background in this paper
...The origin of that tissue, which plays a major role in stress distribution in the early stage of bone response, is to be related to shear stresses that originate at the interface between a material and a tissue (ceramic and bone) with different Young’s moduli [162]....
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TL;DR: The amounts of resorption of the proximal part of the femoral neck and of lysis of the distal part ofthe femur both correlated positively with the extent of linear and volumetric wear; this suggests an association between the amount of debris from wear and these changes in the Femoral Neck and proximal parts of the Femur.
Abstract: A technique was developed to determine the wear of the acetabular component of a total hip replacement by examination of standardized initial and follow-up radiographs. Three hundred and eighty-five hips were followed for at least 9.5 years after replacement. The least amount and rate of linear wear were associated with use of a femoral head that had a diameter of twenty-eight millimeters (p less than 0.001). The greatest amount and mean rate of linear wear occurred with twenty-two-millimeter components, but these differences were not statistically significant. The greatest volumetric wear and mean rate rate of volumetric wear were seen with thirty-two-millimeter components (p less than 0.001). A wider radiolucent line in acetabular Zone 1 was associated with use of the thirty-two-millimeter head. The amounts of resorption of the proximal part of the femoral neck and of lysis of the proximal part of the femur both correlated positively with the extent of linear and volumetric wear; this suggests an association between the amount of debris from wear and these changes in the femoral neck and proximal part of the femur.
1,036 citations
Book•
01 Jul 1981
TL;DR: A review of current understanding of zirconia-based ceramics can be found in this paper, where 76 papers comprise six sections including phase transformations and phase stability, mechanical aspects of transformation toughening, microstructural aspects of transformations, structural and other applications, electrolytic properties and applications, and processing.
Abstract: This book presents a review of current understanding of zirconia-based ceramics. The 76 papers comprise six sections including phase transformations and phase stability, mechanical aspects of transformation toughening, microstructural aspects of transformation toughening, structural and other applications, electrolytic properties and applications, and processing.
709 citations