%PDF-1.3 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 5 /Kids [ 3 0 R 4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R ] >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Producer (PyPDF2) /Title (Single\040gallium\040nitride\040nanowire\040lasers) /Author (Justin\040C\056\040Johnson\054\040Heon\040Jin\040Choi\054\040Heon\040Jin\040Choi\054\040Kelly\040P\056\040Knutsen\054\040Richard\040D\056\040Schaller\054\040Peidong\040Yang\054\040Peidong\040Yang\054\040Richard\040J\056\040Saykally) /Subject (There\040is\040much\040current\040interest\040in\040the\040optical\040properties\040of\040semiconductor\040nanowires\054\040because\040the\040cylindrical\040geometry\040and\040strong\040two\055dimensional\040confinement\040of\040electrons\054\040holes\040and\040photons\040make\040them\040particularly\040attractive\040as\040potential\040building\040blocks\040for\040nanoscale\040electronics\040and\040optoelectronic\040devices\054\040including\040lasersand\040nonlinear\040optical\040frequency\040converters\056\040Gallium\040nitride\040\050GaN\051\040is\040a\040wide\055bandgap\040semiconductor\040of\040much\040practical\040interest\054\040because\040it\040is\040widely\040used\040in\040electrically\040pumped\040ultraviolet\055blue\040light\055emitting\040diodes\054\040lasers\040and\040photodetectors\056\040Recent\040progress\040in\040microfabrication\040techniques\040has\040allowed\040stimulated\040emission\040to\040be\040observed\040from\040a\040variety\040of\040GaN\040microstructures\040and\040films\056\040Here\040we\040report\040the\040observation\040of\040ultraviolet\055blue\040laser\040action\040in\040single\040monocrystalline\040GaN\040nanowires\054\040using\040both\040near\055field\040and\040far\055field\040optical\040microscopy\040to\040characterize\040the\040waveguide\040mode\040structure\040and\040spectral\040properties\040of\040the\040radiation\040at\040room\040temperature\056\040The\040optical\040microscope\040images\040reveal\040radiation\040patterns\040that\040correlate\040with\040axial\040Fabry\055Perot\040modes\040\050Q\040approximately\04010\0503\051\051\040observed\040in\040the\040laser\040spectrum\054\040which\040result\040from\040the\040cylindrical\040cavity\040geometry\040of\040the\040monocrystalline\040nanowires\056\040A\040redshift\040that\040is\040strongly\040dependent\040on\040pump\040power\040\05045\040meV\040microJ\040x\040cm\050\0552\051\051\040supports\040the\040idea\040that\040the\040electron\055hole\040plasma\040mechanism\040is\040primarily\040responsible\040for\040the\040gain\040at\040room\040temperature\056\040This\040study\040is\040a\040considerable\040advance\040towards\040the\040realization\040of\040electron\055injected\054\040nanowire\055based\040ultraviolet\055blue\040coherent\040light\040sources\056) /Keywords (01\040Oct\0402002\054\040Nature\040Materials\054\040Semiconductor\040optical\040gain\054\040Gallium\040nitride\054\040Nanowire\054\040Laser\054\040Stimulated\040emission\054\040University\040of\040California\054\040Berkeley\054\040Lawrence\040Berkeley\040National\040Laboratory) >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Contents [ 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R ] /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Resources 17 0 R /CSML:PProt << /#0Aq#0A 70 0 R /#0AQ#0A 71 0 R >> /CSML:PProtC 72 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Contents 73 0 R /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Resources 80 0 R /CSML:PProt << /#0Aq#0A 92 0 R /#0AQ#0A 93 0 R >> /CSML:PProtC 72 0 R >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Contents 94 0 R /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Resources 100 0 R /CSML:PProt << /#0Aq#0A 105 0 R /#0AQ#0A 106 0 R >> /CSML:PProtC 72 0 R >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Contents 107 0 R /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Resources 113 0 R /CSML:PProt << /#0Aq#0A 117 0 R /#0AQ#0A 118 0 R >> /CSML:PProtC 72 0 R >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Contents 119 0 R /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Resources 125 0 R /CSML:PProt << /#0Aq#0A 126 0 R /#0AQ#0A 127 0 R >> /CSML:PProtC 72 0 R >> endobj 8 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 971 >> stream Hn6,,gQii ^XJ>|fHIl @`Kos,WW®$a1B*G(KO )Gp 0p %(aufά"sN.Uv'(3<6:Q:ŕyRM A%2U RT?DI:Qia-H5閤kE dcщ!K6~Ǖk}Gwī?2=kw