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As the morphologies of metal inserts are improved, these metal-lined ceramic brackets will provide not only good esthetics among ceramic brackets but also minimal friction among conventionally ligated brackets.
It can clearly be stated that the mechanical properties of many ceramic materials are appropriate even for applications under severe loading conditions but bad or incomplete mechanical design, insufficient surface finish and mishandling are the main reasons for unexpected failure of ceramic components.
The sample processed by ceramic rolling with Al2O3 has the more outstanding mechanical property and microstructure, which can be attributed to the fact that Al2O3 particles are difficult to be broken up during rolling process because of the high hardness which is in favor of transferring pressure to preform.
Using ceramic materials it is possible to obtain a number of beneficial mechanical properties such as considerable hardness, good chemical resistance, high tensile strength, and a good fracture toughness.
For rolling superalloy wires the ceramic material is at its limit, and a safe operation can only be expected for rolls with a material-based design.
Results demonstrate that the alumina ceramic–ceramic bearings are reliable and show very few early problems.
Due to their high hardness and good high-temperature properties, improvements of tool behaviour can be expected by the use of ceramic.
Our results also demonstrate that the ceramic exhibits a good thermal stability up to around 500 °C.
Ceramic-on-metal offers both the strength points of ceramic and metal surfaces, and overcomes the limits of metal-on-metal and ceramic-on-ceramic bearings.
Good bone stock quality as well as high-quality ceramic appear to be the prerequisites for durable fixation of alumina sockets.
Silicon nitride has the best combination of physical and mechanical properties for use as rolling elements in hybrid ceramic bearings.
Posterior edge loading may be considered to be a normal occurrence in ceramic-on-ceramic bearings, with minimal clinical consequences.
This reveals the smoothing effect of the rolling ceramic element on the contaminant-damaged bearing surface.

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How do organic adhesives compare to synthetic adhesives in terms of environmental impact and performance?
5 answers
Organic adhesives, such as bio-based adhesives, offer a more environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic adhesives. They are derived from renewable resources like lignin, tannin, proteins, and carbohydrates, reducing environmental impact and health risks associated with synthetic resins. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies show that bio-adhesives have lower environmental scores, making them sustainable substitutes for synthetic resins. However, challenges like exceeding threshold values in certain environmental categories exist, necessitating further optimization for improved sustainability ratios. In terms of performance, organic adhesives can enhance bonding strength and reduce costs by incorporating additives like mussel, olive pomace, and walnut powders, showcasing improved strength values compared to pure adhesives. Overall, organic adhesives offer a promising avenue for reducing environmental impact while maintaining or even enhancing performance levels.
What type of blended cement can be used in roller compacted concrete?
4 answers
Blended cement types like Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Sulphate Resistance Portland Cement (SRPC) can be utilized in Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC). Additionally, the research highlights the use of different types of cement, including OPC and SRPC, in RCC mixtures to study their impact on durability. The study also mentions the beneficial effects of SRPC on the properties of RCC compared to OPC after durability testing. Furthermore, the investigation emphasizes the importance of cement type, such as OPC and SRPC, in enhancing the resistance of RCC specimens to freezing and thawing, wetting and drying, and sulfate attack tests. Therefore, both OPC and SRPC are viable options for blended cement in RCC, with SRPC showing advantageous effects on RCC properties.
How common is the use of fixed prosthetic restorations in recent years?
5 answers
The use of fixed prosthetic restorations has become increasingly common in recent years, with advancements in materials and technologies driving this trend. Studies have shown that dental ceramics, particularly when used in indirect fixed prosthetic restorations, are considered state-of-the-art for achieving high-quality outcomes. Additionally, the adoption of digital technology, such as CAD/CAM systems, has revolutionized the field of dentistry, making the fabrication of dental prostheses more efficient and precise. Furthermore, research has highlighted the importance of assessing outcome measures and methods in clinical studies on fixed single- and multiple-unit implant restorations, emphasizing the need for standardized assessment protocols. Overall, these findings underscore the increasing prevalence and importance of fixed prosthetic restorations in modern dental practice.
Was ist stress shielding?
5 answers
Stress shielding is a biomechanical phenomenon observed in various medical and engineering contexts. In orthopedics, stress shielding occurs around metallic implants, leading to adaptive changes in bone strength and stiffness, potentially causing implant loosening. This effect is also seen in ligament reconstruction, where nonabsorbable suture augmentation aims to protect the reconstructed ligament but may inadvertently reduce stress on it, impacting its final strength and composition. In the field of ceramic binder jetting, stress shielding arises from unbalanced stresses between printed and unprinted regions, affecting the density of the final part. In total shoulder arthroplasty, stress shielding of the humeral stem is common at midterm follow-up but does not significantly impact functional outcomes.
What are the Challenges in Aluminium 7XXX series alloys?
4 answers
Challenges in Aluminum 7XXX series alloys include limited formability at room temperature, the presence of Precipitate-Free Zones (PFZs) along grain boundaries promoting intergranular fracture, and the need to enhance corrosion resistance while maintaining strength. Additionally, optimizing heat treatment processes, such as solid solution, quenching, and aging, is crucial to improve properties like strength, toughness, and hardenability. Moreover, in the aerospace industry, additive manufacturing processes face restrictions due to factors like lack of globally accepted certifications, fabrication speed, and limitations in achievable precision and micro-fatigue occurrence. Addressing these challenges through advancements in micro-alloying, aging precipitation sequences, and developing new heat treatment regimes is essential for enhancing the overall performance and application of Aluminum 7XXX series alloys.
Why increasing the pp fiber content higher than 2% cause decreasing in UCS value?
4 answers
Increasing the polypropylene (PP) fiber content beyond 2% can lead to a decrease in the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) value due to various factors. Research on microcellular wood fiber reinforced polypropylene composites indicates that the mechanical properties, including tensile strength, are influenced by the fiber content. Additionally, in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) studies, it was found that the explosive spalling resistance of the hybrid fiber-reinforced UHPC increases with the increase of the PP fiber content. Therefore, a higher PP fiber content may alter the composite's structure, affecting its mechanical properties and overall strength, leading to a decrease in UCS value.
What are the experimental parameters that impact the friction and wear?
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Experimental parameters that significantly impact friction and wear include factors like load, sliding velocity, sliding distance, material hardness, and specific wear rate. Studies have shown that these parameters play a crucial role in determining the friction coefficient and wear rate of materials. For instance, in the context of carbon fiber reinforced composites, sliding velocity, sliding distance, and load were found to have a notable influence on specific wear rate and coefficient of friction. Similarly, the experiments conducted on lubricated sliding contacts revealed that material hardness, applied load, and sliding duration affect the friction and wear behavior of the contact. These findings emphasize the importance of carefully controlling these experimental parameters to optimize the tribological performance of materials.
Can membrane technology effectively remove microplastics?
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Membrane technology, particularly ultrafiltration, offers a promising solution for effectively removing microplastics from water systems. These membranes with small pores can filter out microplastics, addressing the growing concern of microplastic contamination in aquatic environments. However, challenges such as membrane fouling and the passage of smaller microplastics through the filter still exist, highlighting the need for continuous improvement in membrane design and technology. Studies have shown that different types and shapes of microplastics can impact the efficiency of filtration processes, emphasizing the importance of understanding these factors for enhancing microplastic removal efficacy. Overall, membrane-based methods like ultrafiltration demonstrate high potential for efficient microplastic separation, but ongoing research is essential to optimize membrane performance and minimize environmental impacts.
What are the potential environmental benefits of using food waste in composite materials?
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Using food waste in composite materials offers significant environmental benefits. Waste cooking oil and agricultural waste biomass can be utilized to create biopolymer-based composites, reducing waste generation and dependency on non-renewable resources. Additionally, incorporating organic waste like fish waste into composites not only adds value to the waste but also contributes to environmental and hygiene solutions. These composites exhibit enhanced properties such as durability, flexibility, and thermal insulation, making them suitable for various applications like construction, packaging, and even automotive fields. By repurposing food waste into composite materials, industries can promote sustainability, lower waste production, and create innovative solutions for environmental challenges.
What are the potential benefits of using recycled aluminum in composite materials?
4 answers
Recycling aluminum for composite materials offers various advantages. Firstly, it aids in waste management and reduces environmental pollution. Secondly, incorporating recycled aluminum in composites enhances properties like specific strength, stiffness, wear resistance, and thermal stability. Additionally, the reuse of aluminum waste in composites can lead to significant improvements in mechanical properties such as hardness, compressive strength, and tensile strength. Moreover, utilizing recycled aluminum in composites can result in cost-effective manufacturing processes while revaluing metallic waste. Overall, the use of recycled aluminum in composite materials not only contributes to sustainability by reducing resource depletion but also enhances material performance and offers economic benefits.
What are the advantages of using WAAM in manufacturing processes?
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Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) offers several advantages in manufacturing processes. WAAM enables the efficient production of large-scale components with reduced lead times, minimal material waste, and cost-effectiveness. It has been successfully utilized in various industries like aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding. The technology allows for the in-situ manufacturing of complex structures with integrated material-structure-function components, providing solutions for components with surface performance requirements and individual structural features. WAAM also exhibits high efficiency in fabricating components, while the hybridization with Laser Directed Energy Deposition (LDED) enhances precision and surface flatness, resulting in well-fabricated samples with improved mechanical properties and microstructures. Additionally, WAAM materials have shown good yield and ultimate strengths, albeit with slightly lower ductility compared to conventional stainless steel, making them suitable for construction applications.