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The classical semiconductors are indirect semiconductors and, therefore, unsuitable as light-emitting diodes (LED) materials.
It can be seen that the transistors exhibit significant hysteresis behaviors and storage circles in current-voltage characteristics in the dark and under illumination, indicating that the transistors may act as a nonvolatile memory element.
Thanks to the simple structure and nanoscale switching region, this modulated LED may offer a feasible method to replace traditional thin film transistors or CMOSs with complicated structures and techniques, enabling the potential application of low-cost and high-density LED displays. We developed an intensity-modulated light-emitting device (LED) by integrating a p-GaN/n-ZnO heterojunction with multilevel resistive random access memory (RRAM).
These transistors have potential for transparent logic integrated circuit applications.
To the best of our knowledge, these are the most radiation-hard thin film transistors reported to date.
These characteristics are comparable to those of LED on sapphire.
Vertical Organic Transistors are a novel technology that has the potential to overcome these limitations of OFETs.
We demonstrate the possibility of producing flexible polymer light-emitting transistors using AgNW electrodes.
Here, a novel vertical integration scheme is utilized to fabricate nanowire LEDs with nanowire field effect transistors (FETs) for the first time.
Transistors fabricated by this method have a high optical transparency and reliable electrical performance.
This work is anticipated to be useful for the development of in-plane light-emitting transistors.
The results presented here will open the way to fabricating efficient light-emitting transistors with high mobility.
The results show the possibility of fabricating transistors with a very thin, highly doped base.
Electrical output characteristics of both kinds of devices are reported, demonstrating that the performances of our devices may be compared to those of transistors fabricated employing different realization techniques.
The performance of the transistors seems to be compatible with application of them in active–matrix organic light emitting displays.
These characteristics are comparable to those of LED on sapphire substrate.
The performance of these transistors compares favorably with that of similar devices constructed using conventional methods and inorganic substrates, dielectrics, and conductors.

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What is mechanisms of theX-ray detection?
5 answers
The mechanisms of X-ray detection involve various components and processes. X-ray detectors typically consist of vibrating disks, conveying devices, guide rails, detection devices, and sorting mechanisms to facilitate efficient detection of materials. These detectors utilize the Shockley-Ramo theorem to operate, incorporating ionization energy for electron-hole pair creation and responsivity formulation. In medical imaging, flat panel X-ray imagers (FPXIs) play a crucial role, utilizing direct conversion technology where X-ray photons are converted to charges in a photoconductor, then read by sensors like TFT-AMA or CMOS arrays. Additionally, a guiding mechanism with lead screws and sliders enables precise adjustment for optimal X-ray source reception, ensuring clear image quality and easy maintenance. These combined mechanisms enhance detection efficiency and accuracy in X-ray applications.
How does 2D ice contribute to green energy?
5 answers
2D ice plays a significant role in contributing to green energy by enabling innovative technologies for sustainable practices. It can be utilized in various ways such as in ice-assisted electron-beam lithography (iEBL) for nanofabrication, as a template for assembling colloidal nanoparticles into large 2D nanosheets, and in a multi-level ice and snow energy utilization system for power generation. These applications demonstrate how 2D ice can be leveraged to enhance energy efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and promote the utilization of renewable resources. By incorporating 2D ice into different green energy technologies, it contributes to the development of sustainable solutions for energy generation and utilization, aligning with the global efforts towards a more eco-friendly future.
What are the different methods of doping metal complexes with polymers?
5 answers
Metal complexes can be doped with polymers using various methods. One approach involves synthesizing metal complexes comprising a metal Me, a hydroxy group ligand, and another ligand, which can then be used as flame-retardants in polymer compositions. Another method includes complexation of divalent Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cu(II) metal ions with modified polystyrene-alt-(maleic anhydride) ligands to form polymer-metal complexes with octahedral geometry, characterized by various techniques like FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM. Additionally, a novel route for molecular doping involves dispersing dopants in an orthogonal solvent to dope a thiophene-based semiconducting polymer film with a metal-organic complex, leading to enhanced conductivity and efficient charge transfer within the polymer lamellae. These methods showcase diverse strategies for doping metal complexes with polymers for various applications.
What names are applied to the two types of BJT transistors?
5 answers
The two types of Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are named based on the arrangement of semiconductor materials within them. The first type is called NPN, which stands for Negative-Positive-Negative, while the second type is known as PNP, which stands for Positive-Negative-Positive. In an NPN transistor, the switch turns on when a current flows through the base, whereas in a PNP transistor, the switch turns on when there is no current through the base. These configurations are essential in determining the behavior and functionality of the transistors, influencing their applications in amplification, switching, and digital circuit elements.
What is application or daily use of adder and subtractor?
5 answers
Adder and subtractor circuits play a crucial role in digital circuits for performing arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction. These circuits are essential components in processors, where the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) utilizes them for executing mathematical functions. In the realm of quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), novel adder/subtractor designs have been proposed, leveraging the benefits of quantum technology for efficient and cost-effective computing systems. Additionally, the Universal Verification Methodology (UVM) is employed for verifying the functionality of adder-subtractor circuits, offering automation and ease of building verification environments. Overall, adder and subtractor circuits find widespread application in daily computing tasks, ensuring accurate and reliable arithmetic calculations in various digital systems.
How does temperature could result to more radiation?
5 answers
Temperature can influence radiation emission in various ways. Higher temperatures lead to increased energy emission from objects, with visible energy emitted around 650°C. For instance, in the case of parametric x-ray radiation (PXR) from a Si crystal bombarded by electrons, cooling the crystal to liquid-nitrogen temperature enhances radiation intensity compared to room temperature. Moreover, studies on human peripheral blood lymphocytes show that aberration frequency post-irradiation is significantly higher at 37°C compared to 5°C, indicating a temperature-dependent effect on radiation-induced damage. Additionally, research on radiation absorption in living tissues at different temperatures suggests that radiation effects may be more pronounced at higher temperatures, highlighting the potential risks of combining elevated temperatures with x-radiation, especially in patients with body temperatures around 40°C.
What are the challenges in single molecular electronics can large language model can solve?
5 answers
Challenges in single-molecule electronics, such as connecting molecules between wires for device functionality, persist despite advancements in theory and experiment. Machine learning models, like MoLFormer, trained on vast unlabeled molecular datasets, offer a solution by providing accurate property predictions with reduced complexity. These models, leveraging transformer-based language learning, outperform traditional supervised methods by capturing structural information from SMILES sequences of billions of molecules. MoLFormer's ability to learn spatial relationships between atoms within molecules enables it to predict various molecular properties, including quantum-chemical properties, showcasing the potential of large language models in addressing challenges in single-molecule electronics and advancing fields like drug discovery and material design.
What the lowest percentage Sb used in InAs/InAsSb superlattices?
5 answers
The lowest percentage of Sb used in InAs/InAsSb superlattices is 0.23% as reported in one of the studies. This study also mentions another example with a targeted composition of 33.3% Sb in the InAs1-xSbx layers. Additionally, another research paper discusses the growth of InPSb/InAs superlattice materials with a lattice mismatch of less than 0.09%, indicating the use of InPSb in the superlattice structure. Furthermore, theoretical modeling work suggests that increasing the Sb fraction in the InAsSb alloy can significantly reduce the superlattice period required for long-wavelength cutoffs in InAs/InAsSb superlattices. These findings collectively highlight the versatility and tunability of Sb concentrations in InAs/InAsSb superlattices for various applications.
How solution processed SnO2 concentration effect the thin films properties?
4 answers
The concentration of solution-processed SnO2 significantly impacts the properties of thin films. Studies show that varying SnO2 concentrations affect the structural, optical, and opto-electrical properties of the films. Higher concentrations lead to improved spectral response, with the best response observed at 0.2 M concentration. Additionally, the pH level during synthesis plays a crucial role, affecting transparency, resistance, and bandgap energy of the films. Furthermore, solution-processed SnO2 films demonstrate good insulator properties, with low leakage current and high resistance, making them suitable for applications like field-effect transistors. Moreover, mixing SnO2 with ZnO in titanium dioxide thin films results in enhanced transparency, altered absorption coefficients, and changes in energy gaps, refractive index, and extinction coefficients. Overall, the concentration of solution-processed SnO2 is a key factor influencing various properties of thin films.
What are the benefits of writing by hand?
5 answers
Writing by hand offers numerous benefits for learning and cognitive development. Research suggests that when individuals write by hand, they engage in sensory-motor integration, leading to optimal conditions for memory encoding and learning. This process involves synchronized brain activity in key regions associated with memory and learning, particularly in the theta range. Additionally, the act of handwriting allows individuals to actively see and feel the letters being written, aiding in symbol recognition and information retention. Furthermore, writing by hand involves fine and controlled hand movements, promoting neural oscillation patterns crucial for learning, especially in children. Overall, the benefits of handwriting include enhanced memory, sensory-motor integration, and cognitive development, making it a valuable practice even in today's digital age.
What is resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSoXS)?
5 answers
Resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSoXS) is a powerful technique that combines X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray scattering to investigate the nano- and meso-scale structure of biological assemblies and organic materials with chemical specificity. RSoXS experiments involve collecting scattering data at various photon energies, often spanning elemental absorption edges of interest, to enhance contrast and provide detailed structural insights. By utilizing tender X-rays, RSoXS enables resonant interactions with organic materials, offering advantages such as improved scattering contrast, anisotropic sensitivity to molecular orientation, and the ability to study molecular packing variations through resonant diffraction experiments. Additionally, advancements like Polarized Resonant Soft X-ray scattering (P-RSoXS) further enhance the technique's sensitivity to molecular orientation and chemical heterogeneity in soft materials like polymers and biomaterials.