At which stage in the lives of identical twins are gene expression patterns most similar?
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| We found that, although twins are epigenetically indistinguishable during the early years of life, older monozygous twins exhibited remarkable differences in their overall content and genomic distribution of 5-methylcytosine DNA and histone acetylation, affecting their gene-expression portrait. | |
Open access•Journal Article | Although the observed differences in morphologic characteristics between twins necessarily reflect nongenetic influences, the cortical patterns and midline structures of monozygotic twins probably are genetically similar. |
| The results demonstrate that gene expression patterns differ by developmental stage. | |
| Similar correlated patterns of expression occur among all significant genes. These data provide statistical support for the temporal dynamics of developmental gene expression during all stages of vertebrate development. | |
22 Citations | In spite of the differential expression at the same stage, these genes shared similar developmental patterns, suggesting that they are regulated by similar mechanisms. |
| The expression profiles of these related genes were often highly correlated, indicating similar temporal expression patterns. | |
52 Citations | Our results show that, while there are common genes expressed in the progenitor cell population from all stages, there are also significant differences in gene expression patterns that correlate with stage-related behaviors. |
57 Citations | Even when mutations are shared at an intra- or inter-familial level, the spectrum of clinical presentation is highly variable, even in identical twins. |
36 Citations | Interestingly, many genomic traits are correlated with both aspects of gene expression in similar directions, suggesting shared molecular pathways. |
119 Citations | Differences in tissue gene expression patterns parallel those of substitution rates, reinforcing the role of neofunctionalization in explaining the evolution of young gene duplicates. |
Related Questions
What personalities do identical twins have that are significantly similar?5 answersIdentical twins exhibit significant similarities in various personality traits. Studies have consistently shown that identical twins, who share all their genes, are more alike in personality compared to fraternal twins, who share only half of their genes. Research has indicated that identical twins separated at birth still demonstrate similarities in intellectual talents, personality traits like introversion and conscientiousness, and even personal quirks, highlighting the impact of genetics on personality. Additionally, perceptual studies on twin voices have revealed a greater resemblance between the voices of identical twins, suggesting a genetic influence on voice pitch and identification. Overall, the heritability of personality traits in identical twins underscores the genetic basis of shared characteristics among these individuals.
Do identical twins have the same genetics?4 answersIdentical twins, also known as monozygotic twins, share an identical genetic heritage because they derive from the same zygote. However, recent advancements in forensic genetics, such as ultra-deep next generation sequencing, have made it possible to identify genetic variations that can distinguish monozygotic twins. Regular short tandem repeat (STR) typing is unable to distinguish monozygotic twins, but single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA can help differentiate them. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) combined with allele-specific PCR and deep-amplicon sequencing has been used to successfully distinguish between monozygotic twins and analyze samples from criminal cases. Therefore, while monozygotic twins have the same genetic origin, advancements in genetic analysis techniques have made it possible to identify genetic variations that can differentiate them.
Do twins have similar personalities?5 answersTwins have been found to have similar personalities, with identical twins showing greater similarity than fraternal twins. Studies have shown that identical twins, who share close to 100% of their genes, are more similar than fraternal twins, who on average share 50% of their segregating genes. This suggests that personality traits are heritable and influenced by genetic factors. However, it is important to note that personality similarity is not solely determined by genetic similarity. Other factors, such as shared environments and experiences, can also contribute to personality development. Additionally, the association between physical resemblance and personality similarity has been explored, and it has been found that appearance is not meaningfully related to personality similarity. Overall, while genetics play a significant role in shaping personality, it is a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to individual differences in personality traits.
Different types of twins?5 answersIdentical or monozygotic (MZ) twins and fraternal or dizygotic (DZ) twins are the two main types of twins. Identical twins are formed when a fertilized egg divides into two, while fraternal twins are formed when two separate eggs are fertilized by two different sperm. Identical twins can have variations within their type, such as being opposite-handed or sharing or not sharing placentas. Fraternal twins can also have variations, such as having different fathers or exchanging blood in utero. In addition to these two main types, there are also rare types of twins that are less common or not well-known.
How do gene expression patterns change during development in animals?4 answersGene expression patterns undergo changes during development in animals. These changes are influenced by various factors such as tissue shape changes, mechanical properties of the tissue, cell influx, cell shape changes, and cell proliferation. While some studies suggest that gene expression domains arise stably, recent research indicates that gene regulation can occur in a wavelike fashion, with genes being expressed in a dynamic and temporal manner. Comparative analyses of gene expression patterns across different species have revealed correspondences in developmental stages and differences in the timing of key events during organ development. Additionally, studies on different dietary mammals have shown that the expression of genes related to digestion and metabolism changes from juvenile to adult stages, with adaptations associated with specific nutritional limitations. Overall, these findings highlight the dynamic nature of gene expression patterns during development and the importance of understanding the mechanisms underlying these changes in different animal models.
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