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These data suggest that in women, 1) onset of the midcycle surge in LH-RIA and LH-BIO is simultaneous, and 2) surge characteristics are not influenced by physiological variations in steroid hormone secretion that occur beyond the thresholds required for surge initiation.
These results support the hypothesis that oestradiol must inhibit secretion of LH before an LH surge can occur.
In conclusion, sex steroids alone do not seem to be sufficient to stimulate the normal midcycle LH surge.
In all instances, LH surges were initiated before the capsules were removed, showing that this response is not a consequence of estrogen withdrawal.
Thus it seems unlikely that estrogen induces the LH surge in the rhesus monkey by an action in the rostral hypothalamus.
These results suggest that the oestrogen-induced LH surge is initiated by a 'signal' pattern of GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus.
The above finding suggests that estrogens may play an important role in a midcycle surge of LH.
Since all estrogen-accumulating cells could be affected by this treatment, it is difficult to identify the site(s) at which this steroid acts to affect LH surges.
Our results indicate that GnRH is required throughout the gonadotrophin surge in women, not only for the initiation but also for the maintenance of the LH surge.
The results suggest that there is a differential suppressive effect upon FSH and LH by estrogen at threshold doses.

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