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A membrane module based system is preferable over a membrane reactor of practical reasons.
The membrane can be applied as a compostable microfiltration membrane in food and biochemical industries.
The spread of the bilayer deformations over distances of hundreds of nanometers and the substantial reduction in energy of fusion pore formation provided by this spread indicate that membrane fusion can be enhanced by allowing a larger area of membrane to participate and be deformed.
The results show that with sufficient levels of humidity, the water management would improve for larger porosities of GDLs or a thinner membrane, and the resistance and over voltage of the membrane can be reduced significantly as well.
Further improvement of membrane performance can be obtained by operation at higher temperatures, since this increases the driving force for permeation over the membrane.
Those rods can be used as stable membrane-associated anchors for functionalization of membrane surfaces.
In addition, this composite membrane can be readily integrated into the currently used membrane system.
The modelling results confirmed the supremacy of a membrane over a conventional plug flow reactor (PFR).
This type of membrane has a significant advantage over the usual liquid membrane.
This membrane can serve as a basis for a high selective membrane.