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The addition of supplementary carbon to lead–acid batteries that are intended for use in emerging automotive duties can provide improvement in two aspects of performance.
Carbon monoxide poisoning requires a high degree of suspicion.
The combination of the rates of rise of smoke and either carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide concentration provides a potential fire alarm algorithm to increase the reliability of aircraft smoke detectors, and to reduce the time to alarm.
These interventions reduced patient exposure to carbon monoxide.
Surveillance of carbon monoxide-related morbidity is a useful adjunct to mortality surveillance in guiding prevention efforts.
The device is capable of detecting oxygen (O2) and carbon monoxide (CO) gases at room ambient and at temperature much lower than the operating temperature of the conventional solid state gas detectors.
Low doses of carbon monoxide (CO) play a beneficial role through PC induction.
These devices could be effectively used as the basis of an optical sensor for the environmental monitoring of carbon monoxide at 4.6 mu m, or as a replacement for PbSe photoconductors.
We also find that carbon monoxide exposure over the previous year has an effect on children's health that goes above and beyond contemporaneous exposure alone.
The results of this work may be applicable to further development of carbon monoxide sensors for fire detection at its earlier stages.
The results of this work may be applicable for further development of carbon monoxide sensors for fire detection at its earlier stages.
This case report supports that a prolonged carbon monoxide exposure can cause cardiac damage in children even in the absence of specific symptoms, cerebral failure and high carboxyhemoglobin concentrations.
Because of their higher metabolic rates and developing nervous systems, infants and children may be more susceptible to the effects of carbon monoxide and also may warrant special considerations.
Journal ArticleDOI
John W. Binder, Robert J. Roberts 
27 Citations
It may be totally inappropriate to establish "safe carbon monoxide levels" for children on the basis of experience from adult exposure.
The synthesized material proves to be good as a selective room temperature sensor for harmful and poisonous carbon-monoxide gas.
These sensors show good, repeatable and reversible response to carbon monoxide at room temperature.

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What constitutes effective rest for reducing fatigue in intensive care nurses?
8 answers
Effective rest for reducing fatigue in intensive care nurses involves a multifaceted approach that addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of fatigue. The implementation of compensatory sleep strategies is crucial, as nurses with higher work-family conflict, daytime sleepiness, and those working 12-hour shifts exhibit higher levels of physical and mental fatigue. Additionally, the introduction of music during daytime rest has been shown to improve the subjective quality of sleep among patients in the intensive care unit, suggesting a potential indirect benefit for nurses by creating a more restful environment. The effectiveness of rest breaks appears to vary depending on the context of care. For nurses providing care to patients with COVID-19, rest breaks were not significantly associated with reduced acute fatigue, unlike their counterparts caring for patients hospitalized for other reasons. This indicates the need for tailored rest break strategies that consider the unique stressors associated with different types of patient care. Strategies to combat alarm fatigue, which contributes significantly to overall fatigue, include both technological and non-technological actions, such as personalized alarm settings and effective teamwork. Alarm fatigue is particularly pronounced in COVID-19 intensive care units, where the frequent use of medical devices with alarm functions exacerbates nurses' fatigue. Supplementary rest breaks have been advocated for as a means to promote recovery from work and enhance occupational safety, with evidence suggesting that rest breaks can delay the onset time of work-related injuries. Active breaks during rounds, such as engaging in physical exercises like squats, have been positively received for relieving stress, promoting wellness, and improving team morale among healthcare professionals in the ICU. However, addressing the inherent stress and fatigue associated with critical care requires a comprehensive approach that includes improving sleep quality, managing light exposure to reduce sleepiness and enhance psychomotor performance, and considering the psychological well-being of the nurses. Collectively, these strategies underscore the importance of a holistic approach to rest and recovery for intensive care nurses to mitigate fatigue effectively.
What was the total number of rockfall incidents reported in South Africa in 2014?
4 answers
In 2014, South Africa reported a total of 236 rockfall incidents per 1000 person years, with falls-of-ground remaining a significant cause of fatalities in mines despite overall safety improvements. Rockfalls in narrow tabular mining geometries, common in South African gold and platinum operations, have been identified as a major cause of mining accidents, resulting in financial losses and reduced productivity. The consequences of rockfalls, including fatalities and injuries, have prompted research into quantifying the associated risks and losses, leading to the development of methodologies to evaluate the cost implications of rockfall incidents. The need for effective management and prevention strategies for rockfalls in South African mines remains crucial to enhance safety and reduce fatalities.
What type of research has no participants?
4 answers
Research that involves non-participation typically refers to studies where individuals decline to participate or do not actively engage in the research process. Various studies have highlighted the impact of non-participation on research outcomes. For instance, studies have shown that non-participants in clinical trials may exhibit less favorable outcomes compared to participants, affecting the overall sample representation. In other cases, non-participation bias can lead to skewed results, especially in studies involving subjects with severe mental illnesses who are more likely to be non-participants, causing selection bias. Additionally, non-participation in telehealth trials can stem from barriers such as technological challenges and limited disease understanding, influencing the success of telehealth initiatives.
How left ventricular myocardial longitudinal strain detects cardiac fibrosis?
5 answers
Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain (LV GLS) is a valuable tool in detecting cardiac fibrosis in various conditions. In patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia, LV GLS with Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) aids in identifying subclinical myocardial damage and dysfunction, offering insights for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Similarly, in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients, LV GLS can predict significant myocardial fibrosis, indicating adverse clinical outcomes. Furthermore, in individuals with end-stage renal disease, LV GLS correlates with collagen-derived biomarkers associated with myocardial fibrosis, suggesting its role in risk stratification. Additionally, LV GLS has shown promise in patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning, where impaired GLS reflects the burden of CO-induced myocardial fibrosis. Overall, LV GLS assessed through echocardiography is a non-invasive method that can effectively detect cardiac fibrosis in various pathological conditions.
How does the use of performance-enhancing machinery affect the overall performance of athletes?
5 answers
The use of performance-enhancing machinery can significantly impact athletes' overall performance. Machinery like exercise machines with tension generating devices, active dampers for controlling vibrations, and adjustable resistance assemblies for optimized cardiovascular fitnessplay crucial roles. However, it is essential to note that the use of machinery should be carefully monitored, especially in the context of performance-enhancing substances (PESs). PESs, including legal supplements and illicit drugs, are commonly used by athletes, but concerns arise due to contamination, adverse effects, and potential correlation with future use of anabolic steroids. Athletes must be cautious about the substances they use to enhance performance, as harmful consequences can arise, impacting not only their own well-being but also influencing their competitors to follow suit.
Can state mandates result in lower quality of local hazar mitigation outcomes?
4 answers
State mandates have been a significant factor in shaping local hazard mitigation outcomes, with evidence suggesting that they generally lead to improvements in the quality of local planning and compliance, rather than a decrease in quality. The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, which requires local governments to have a FEMA-approved Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) for federal assistance eligibility, shows a commitment to enhancing local hazard mitigation efforts, although compliance has been uneven across the country. Despite this, the influence of federal policies on local land use policy and hazard mitigation planning has been minimal, with state policies playing a more decisive role. Research indicates that high-quality hazard mitigation plans can significantly improve post-disaster outcomes by establishing a community fact base and providing rationales for protective policies and actions. Moreover, state mandates have been shown to not only ensure that communities that might not otherwise plan do so but also result in higher quality plans than those produced voluntarily by communities not under such mandates. This is supported by findings that state mandates enhance the content and quality of comprehensive plans, indicating a clear measurable effect in improving plan quality. However, the effectiveness of these mandates can vary. For instance, in Florida, compliance with state mandates on coastal storm hazards showed high variability, suggesting that the implementation of planning mandates and local conditions significantly influence outcomes. Additionally, the institutional context at the regional and local levels plays a crucial role in the adoption of disaster mitigation policies, with regional institutional variables positively affecting local government policy adoption. In summary, while there are challenges and variability in compliance and effectiveness, state mandates generally contribute to improving the quality of local hazard mitigation outcomes rather than diminishing it. This improvement is contingent upon the design of the mandates, the enforcement and implementation by state authorities, and the local and regional institutional contexts.
Does cyberbullying effect students in many ways?
5 answers
Cyberbullying significantly impacts students in various ways. It affects their learning by causing distractions and lowering self-esteem, leading to compromised mental health and disrupted sleep patterns. Cyberbullying can result in negative emotional and academic consequences, with victims experiencing depression, self-harm, and even suicidal ideation. The harmful effects extend to the online environment, where cyberbullying can lead to dissatisfaction with life, deteriorated school achievements, and a negative impact on attitudes towards school. Additionally, cyberbullying can have long-term consequences, potentially leading to delinquent behaviors in adulthood. Therefore, addressing cyberbullying is crucial to safeguard students' well-being and academic success.
How does housing density influence stress level of household wife?
5 answers
Housing density plays a significant role in influencing the stress levels of household wives. Research indicates that high housing density can be a stressor detrimental to couples' relationships, potentially leading to increased anxiety and stress. Gender also plays a crucial role in how individuals respond to high-density living environments, with women more likely to experience depression in crowded homes. Additionally, the number of bathroom spaces in dwelling units can impact family attitudes and perceptions of environmental stress, further highlighting the influence of living conditions on stress levels. Therefore, it is evident that housing density, along with factors like gender-specific responses and dwelling features, can significantly impact the stress levels experienced by household wives.
How do secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue affect frontline domestic abuse workers?
5 answers
Secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue can significantly impact frontline domestic abuse workers. Secondary traumatic stress, also known as vicarious trauma, can lead to symptoms resembling PTSD in professionals who work with traumatized individuals, affecting their cognitive schemas and memory systems. On the other hand, compassion fatigue results in a gradual erosion of empathy, optimism, and compassion among caregivers, including frontline workers dealing with domestic abuse cases. These challenges can manifest as sleep disturbances, intimacy issues, anxiety, and depression, affecting the overall well-being of frontline workers. To mitigate these effects, individual and organizational strategies such as self-care practices, clear boundaries between work and personal life, and workplace support systems are crucial for maintaining the mental health and resilience of frontline domestic abuse workers.
How to measure show-off?
5 answers
Show-off behavior can be measured using various methods outlined in the provided contexts. One approach involves analyzing citation practices in scientific communication to determine if authors tend to cite recent literature to show off their knowledge or expertise. Another method involves utilizing a measuring device equipped with a laser transmitter and receiver to accurately record and display measurements, allowing for precise data collection. In a different context, show-off behavior is studied in the context of talent competitions, where individuals may choose to "show off" their abilities through costly signals, impacting the dynamics of competition. Additionally, show-off behavior has been observed in children, with studies comparing the frequency of showing-off behaviors in different cultural settings to understand its role in social interactions. Furthermore, systems and methods have been developed to measure show-through in printed documents, utilizing imaging devices and calculations based on scanned data.
Who introduced the term pedestrian shed?
5 answers
The term "pedestrian shed" was introduced by Zhenqi Zhou and Zhen Xu in their research. They conducted a study focusing on urban parks' attractiveness and travel convenience, particularly in the context of walking routes from residences to parks. The research emphasized the importance of understanding walking routes' duration and perception to enhance pedestrian access to parks. By analyzing data from Xuanwu Lake Park in Nanjing, they highlighted the significant variations in walking routes concerning distance, turns, and street views, which directly impact travel convenience and visiting propensity. The concept of pedestrian sheds, as discussed in their study, plays a crucial role in assessing pedestrian environments and guiding urban planners and policymakers in optimizing park locations and evaluating park service capacity.