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The data suggest that the catechol estrogen, 4-OHE(1), unlike 2-OHE(1), has estrogen activity.
These results indicate that ESA is the only estrogen sulfate binder in horse plasma.
Low-dose esterified estrogen improved hemodynamic patterns similar to standard doses of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women.
This study provides a rapid and accurate method to sex horse embryos.
For the first time, eugenol was detected in fermentation of horse gram, paving the way for new bioprocessing strategy for production of health beneficial aroma compound.

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Does estrous cycle affect on the anxiety in women?
5 answers
The estrous cycle does indeed affect anxiety in women. Research shows that fluctuations in ovarian hormones during the estrous cycle are associated with changes in anxiety levels in both female rats and women. Studies indicate that the impact of the estrous cycle on anxiety differs between pre- and post-motherhood in female rats and women, with motherhood mitigating the effects of cycling hormones on anxiety. Additionally, the interaction between stress exposure and estrous phase influences anxiety-like responses in females, with prior stress sensitizing behavioral outcomes during anxiogenic tasks, particularly in females with a history of stress. These findings highlight the significant role of the estrous cycle in modulating anxiety levels in women, emphasizing the importance of considering hormonal fluctuations in understanding anxiety disorders.
What foods increase aromatase activity?
5 answers
Foods that have been found to increase aromatase activity include phytoestrogens (PEs) such as isoflavonoids, coumestrol, and polyphenols like chrysin. Additionally, extracts from vegetables like Laurus nobilis, Mentha piperita, Crocus sativus, and Allium porrum have been shown to contain effective aromatase inhibitors, indicating a potential role in reducing aromatase activity. These findings suggest that certain plant-based compounds and polyphenols can modulate aromatase activity, impacting estrogen synthesis. Understanding the effects of these foods on aromatase activity is crucial in the context of estrogen-dependent disorders and cancer prevention, highlighting the intricate relationship between dietary components and endocrine function.
How Cissus Quadrangularis act on bone fracture?
4 answers
Cissus quadrangularis, a plant rich in phytoconstituents like tannins, proteins, and flavonoids, has been traditionally used for bone-related issues. Studies highlight its role in bone healing, attributed to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic properties. Additionally, C. quadrangularis contains vitamins and minerals crucial for bone health, such as calcium and phosphorus. Recent research delves into its osteoprotective potential by suppressing osteoclastogenesis and enhancing anti-osteoclastogenic immune cells, thus aiding in inflammatory bone loss prevention. The plant's efficacy in promoting fracture healing is linked to its ability to modulate the immune system and improve bone micro-architecture. Therefore, Cissus quadrangularis acts on bone fractures through a multifaceted approach involving anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and immune-modulating mechanisms.
How to explain fasting in animal?
5 answers
Fasting in animals is a complex physiological process involving behavioral, physiological, and biochemical responses to maintain homeostasis while relying on endogenous resources. It leads to metabolic rate reduction, tissue maintenance, and a shift towards lipid utilization for energy. Fasting affects hormone regulation, immune capacity, and gut microbiota dynamics. Studies on mice fasting show changes in hormone balance, body weight, metabolism, and cardiovascular parameters. In rats, fasting impacts bone quality by decreasing bone density and strength temporarily. Wild vertebrates undergoing fasting exhibit minimal oxidative stress, suggesting fasting promotes redox balance. Fasting in fish leads to changes in digestive organ size and energy storage, affecting body condition and isotopic composition. Overall, fasting in animals involves intricate adaptations to survive periods of limited food availability.
Are there any change of oxytocin levels in estrous cycle?
5 answers
Oxytocin levels do exhibit variations during the estrous cycle. Studies show that Oxytocin receptor (OTR) mRNA levels increase significantly near term, particularly on proestrus, due to estrogen stimulation. Additionally, the presence of oxytocin in the ovary itself fluctuates during the estrous cycle, with higher levels during estrus. Furthermore, exogenous oxytocin administration triggers a notable rise in plasma PGFM concentrations during the latter stages of the estrous cycle, indicating an increased responsiveness of the uterine-PGF secretory system to oxytocin at that time. These findings collectively suggest dynamic changes in oxytocin levels throughout the estrous cycle, influenced by factors like estrogen stimulation and the stage of the reproductive cycle.
How many paraffin sections of bone are typically required for accurate bone histomorphometry analysis via H?
5 answers
Typically, for accurate bone histomorphometry analysis via paraffin sections, it is recommended to prepare one section per sample. This approach allows for efficient examination of the bone core biopsy specimens. Paraffin sections, cut at 1-2 μm thickness, offer high-quality results and advantages such as the ability to perform peroxidase studies, lower cost, and less technologist time compared to plastic embedding. While plastic embedding can provide aesthetically pleasing sections, paraffin sections can also yield similar morphological results without the intrinsic disadvantages of plastic embedding. Therefore, utilizing a single paraffin section per sample is a practical and effective method for accurate bone histomorphometry analysis.
What are the hormonal changes after delivery?
5 answers
After delivery, various hormonal changes occur in women. Studies have shown that delivery influences the serum concentration of thyroid hormones, with a transient decrease in free and total T3 and T4, along with an increase in reverse T3. Additionally, changes in corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) levels have been observed, with maternal plasma CRH concentrations declining during labor and ACTH increasing, then decreasing after delivery. Furthermore, alterations in steroidogenesis have been noted, with changes in androgens levels correlating with postpartum mood disorders even before childbirth, suggesting a role for both maternal and fetal steroidogenesis in postpartum mental changes. These findings highlight the complex interplay of various hormones during the postpartum period, impacting both physical and mental health.
How are LRIG1 and SYTL4 associated?
5 answers
LRIG1 and SYTL4 are both genes associated with different conditions. LRIG1 is known as a tumor suppressor gene, particularly in breast cancer, where its low expression is linked to poor prognosis and metastasis. On the other hand, SYTL4 has been identified as a chemoresistant gene in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), indicating poor prognosis in taxane-treated TNBC patients. Interestingly, SYTL4 has been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as well, with a rare missense variant identified in a patient with ASD. While LRIG1 plays a role in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis, SYTL4 is involved in drug resistance mechanisms in TNBC and potentially linked to ASD. Both genes have distinct functions in different biological contexts.
How is LRIG1 gene promote proliferation in breast cancer?
5 answers
LRIG1 gene promotes proliferation in breast cancer by inhibiting apoptosis and stimulating cell growth. LncRNA SNHG1, a member of the LRIG family, is upregulated in breast cancer and correlates with higher T stage and worse overall survival. Overexpression of lncRNA SNHG1 promotes cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis in breast cancer cells. LRIG1 is a negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinases, including ErbB2, and is involved in the negative regulation of ERBB signaling. LRIG1 is preferentially expressed in adult stem/progenitor cells and regulates their biological properties and quiescence. Targeted deletion of Pten in LRIG1-expressing cells leads to hyperplasia and tumor development in mouse epithelial tissues. These findings suggest that LRIG1 functions as a tumor suppressor and its downregulation promotes cell proliferation in breast cancer.
What are the potential health benefits from using Cyclopia?
5 answers
Cyclopia, an indigenous South African fynbos plant used to prepare Honeybush tea, has been found to have potential health benefits. The plant contains polyphenols that have been shown to have phytoestrogenic potential, which may be beneficial for hormone replacement therapy and breast and endometrial tissues. Additionally, extracts from Cyclopia have been found to display estrogen receptor subtype specific agonism and antagonism, indicating their potential as a source of estrogen analogues with a reduced risk profile. Furthermore, Cyclopia extracts have been shown to antagonize breast cancer cell proliferation in the presence of estrogen at lower concentrations, suggesting potential chemo-preventative properties. The extracts have also been found to inhibit uterine growth and delay vaginal opening in an immature rat uterotrophic model, further supporting their potential as estrogen analogues with reduced risks. Overall, the phytoestrogenic properties of Cyclopia and its potential as a source of estrogen analogues make it a promising plant for promoting health and wellness.
Can contraceptive pills be positive effect on the hormon system?
4 answers
Contraceptive pills can have positive effects on the hormonal system. They have been developed and optimized over the years, resulting in consistently high contraceptive effectiveness and multiple additional positive side effects. These pills contain synthetic analogs of natural hormones that affect the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis of the female reproductive system. They can help regulate the menstrual cycle, reduce menstrual blood loss, and alleviate symptoms such as dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome. Additionally, they have been found to have effects on the central nervous system and psycho-emotional health of women. However, it is important to note that there can be negative side effects associated with contraceptive pill use, such as an increased risk of cardiovascular issues. Further research is necessary to fully understand the effects of contraceptive pills on the hormonal system.