scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Effect of poison on virus 

Answers from top 9 papers

More filters
Papers (9)Insight
“An effective competitive poison for the virus enzyme might be administered which, when deposited on the mucous film lining the respiratory tract, would render this an effective barrier against infection, both initial infection from without and the spreading surface infection of the mucosa which follows the initiation of infection” (Burnet, 1948).
The ideal antiviral agent would be one which, while inhibiting growth of the virus, had little or no toxic effect on a host cell.
A similarly dramatic enhancing effect of noninfectious particles in other virus infections is well conceivable.
However, a subtle effect of these chemicals on the pathogenesis of the virus disease is suggested by the histopathologic data.
These not only have an effect on the virus but also on any of the variety of molecules that could accordingly remove the “activation” of the water and so protect the virus.
In high concentration, the chemical has no direct effect in vitro on the infectivity of the virus, nor does it show an in vivo effect on the susceptibility of the host to the infection with this virus.
The ions inhibited viral synthesis as well as viral CPE and the effect was apparently not due to interference with virus adsorption or to a direct inactivation of the virus.
A toxic effect of the virus seemed to be responsible for the reported findings.
These observations suggest that the oxidative effect of CAP species inactivates the virus by hindering virus attachment and entry into the host cell.

Related Questions

How does poisoning impact AI?4 answersPoisoning attacks can have a significant impact on AI systems. These attacks target the vulnerability of deep learning training data and can compromise the integrity of a deep learning model's functionality. Adversaries can contribute poison examples to instruction-tuned language models (LMs), allowing them to manipulate model predictions when specific trigger phrases appear in the input. Federated learning, which aims to protect user privacy and data security, is also susceptible to poisoning attacks, where attackers contaminate the global model by passing poisoned gradients. Data poisoning attacks in the training phase of machine learning can compromise model integrity and make the resulting model skewed or unusable. These findings highlight the need for robust defenses against poisoning attacks and the importance of addressing the security challenges posed by malicious or low-quality data in AI systems.
What poison results in cardiac arrest?5 answersCardiac arrest can be caused by various poisons. One study found that organophosphate poisoning can result in cardiac arrest, with early diagnosis being crucial for appropriate management and increased chances of survival. Another study categorized exposures into different groups and found that the pesticides group had the worst outcomes in terms of survival and neurological recovery in cases of poisoning-induced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Additionally, nicotine poisoning has been reported as a potential cause of cardiac arrest. It is important for medical staff to seek expert advice from toxicologists or poison information centers when managing patients with cardiac arrest or intractable shock from known or suspected poisoning, as extraordinary resuscitative measures might be necessary.
What if you put poison on a heart?2 answersPutting poison on a heart can have direct or indirect effects on the cardiovascular system, leading to complications that can be life-threatening. Certain poisons can alter heart rate, conduction, or rhythm, resulting in bradycardia or tachycardia, as well as dysrhythmias such as torsade de pointes, ventricular tachycardia, or ventricular fibrillation. Toxic plants that act as cardiac poisons can have adverse effects on the heart and other organs of the body. Specific plants like oleander, jimsonweed, and belladonna contain cardiac glycosides that can cause cardiac arrest. Acute poisoning with cardiac drugs, which have a narrow toxic to therapeutic ratio, can also lead to cardiac toxicity, especially in elderly patients. Understanding the effects of toxins on the heart is crucial for both clinical observation and laboratory investigation.
If we mix any virus into perfume will it become airborne virus8 answers
Is Poison Control accurate?10 answers
Is Poison Control reliable?10 answers

See what other people are reading

What are the limitations of t4 dna ligase?
5 answers
T4 DNA ligase, despite its widespread use, has limitations primarily related to its ligation fidelity and efficiency. Studies have shown that T4 DNA ligase can efficiently ligate mismatches, impacting its selectivity in single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Additionally, T4 DNA ligase exhibits a structural bias when used in next-generation sequencing adapter ligation, highlighting issues with nucleic acid manipulation. Furthermore, T4 DNA ligase has been found to ligate extremely inefficiently with 5'-TNA overhangs compared to other Watson-Crick pairings, affecting its overall efficiency in end-joining reactions. These limitations underscore the need for careful consideration when utilizing T4 DNA ligase in molecular biology techniques, especially in applications requiring high fidelity and efficiency.
What viruses have been cultured in pulmonary air-liquid interface cultures?
4 answers
Respiratory viruses such as Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), SARS-CoV-2 causing Covid-19, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)have been cultured in pulmonary air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures. These ALI models, derived from immortalized and primary cells, are utilized to study various respiratory infections, including HCoV-NL63 and SARS-CoV-2, which utilize the ACE2 receptor for cell entry. Additionally, ALI cultures have been instrumental in investigating EBV infection in the nasopharyngeal epithelium, demonstrating susceptibility to EBV in pseudostratified epithelium cells. The use of ALI cultures provides a valuable tool for studying viral infections in the respiratory tract, aiding in understanding pathophysiology, disease mechanisms, and potential therapeutic interventions.
Will DNA and RNA give a positive test with bromine water? Why? What is the principle behind this test?
4 answers
DNA and RNA will not give a positive test with bromine water. The reason lies in the molecular structures and interactions discussed in the provided contexts. Bromine atoms, as in 5-bromouracil (5BrU), affect the molecular structure parameters and destabilize base pairs in DNA:RNA hybrids. Additionally, bromine halogen bonds compete against hydrogen bonds in DNA junctions, with a stabilizing effect primarily driven by enthalpy but opposed by entropy. Furthermore, the formation of insoluble polyelectrolyte complexes between RNA and polycations does not involve precipitation with bromine-containing polycations. The principle behind the negative test results with bromine water is the specific molecular interactions and structural characteristics of DNA and RNA that do not facilitate a reaction with bromine.
Do ribonucleases autohydrolyze?
5 answers
Ribonucleases (RNases) exhibit autohydrolysis, as observed in various studies. The autocatalytic properties of RNAs, including short oligoribonucleotides, lead to selective hydrolysis, independent of ribonuclease contamination. Additionally, RNase A undergoes irreversible thermal denaturation involving hydrolysis and deamidation, especially under soft-hydrothermal processing conditions. Enzymes capable of hydrolyzing phosphate esters, like RNase A, show a preference for intermediate product release over hydrolysis, indicating autocatalytic behavior. The structures and mechanisms of natural enzymes, including RNases, involve interactions between amino acid residues that facilitate hydrolysis via acid-base catalysis rather than nucleophilic catalysis. Furthermore, purified influenza virus contains ribonuclease activity that degrades host cell RNA through hydrolysis, showcasing the enzymatic hydrolytic capability of RNases.
How is the metabolism of N acetyl glucosamine in vertebrates?
5 answers
The metabolism of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in vertebrates involves various pathways and modifications. GlcNAc can be converted to UDP-GlcNGc, leading to the modification of proteins with O-GlcNGc, as shown in studies by Bergfeld et al.. Additionally, the conversion of GalNGc into Neu5Gc, a key sialic acid, depends on the enzyme N-acetylmannosamine kinase, crucial for sialic acid biosynthesis, as demonstrated by Bergfeld et al.. Furthermore, the incorporation of Neu5Gc into neural polysialic acid (polySia) in the brain may be limited due to its resistance to sialidases, potentially explaining the rarity of Neu5Gc in the vertebrate brain, as suggested by Davies et al.. These findings collectively highlight the intricate pathways and regulatory mechanisms involved in the metabolism of N-acetylglucosamine in vertebrates.
Why do working students that earns base salary eork?
5 answers
Working students who earn a base salary often work to balance their educational pursuits with financial needs and personal development. The combination of study and work is becoming more common among students, requiring universities to pay special attention to their unique needs and success factors. Research indicates that working students, especially those who work in their field of study, exhibit a higher desire for self-improvement, confidence in problem-solving, and self-directed learning skills compared to non-working students. Additionally, working students tend to have higher levels of subjective well-being and self-change potential, indicating that their educational and work experiences contribute positively to their personal and professional development. Therefore, working students who earn a base salary often do so to enhance their educational experience, develop valuable skills, and maintain financial stability while pursuing their academic goals.
What are the advantages and limitations of using HPLC?
5 answers
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) offers advantages such as the ability to characterize AAV capsids accurately using various detection methods, including intrinsic fluorescence and light scattering. It also enables the analysis of metabolites at physiologically relevant concentrations through gas-phase ion-molecule reactions in tandem mass spectrometry. However, HPLC faces limitations, as seen in the challenges of analyzing longer RNA sequences like 100nt using ion-pair reversed-phase chromatography, which is less suitable compared to ion-exchange chromatography. Additionally, while HPLC is effective for metal ion speciation, it requires further development for a comprehensive understanding of metal ion chemistry in environmental matrices. Overall, HPLC's advantages lie in its versatility for various applications, but its limitations include method-specific constraints and the need for ongoing advancements to address analytical challenges.
Does DNAJA2 increase tau interaction with microtubules?
5 answers
DNAJA2 does not directly interact with tau protein or microtubules based on the provided contexts. However, the interactions of tau with microtubules are crucial for neuronal function and tau pathology. Tau is a major microtubule-associated protein that stabilizes microtubules and influences their mechanical properties. The dynamic interaction of tau with microtubules plays a vital role in neuronal plasticity and remodeling of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Mutations in tau protein can affect its binding to tubulin dimers, altering its function without necessarily enhancing aggregation. While tau can bind DNA under certain conditions, this interaction is distinct from its role in microtubule stabilization. Therefore, DNAJA2 is not directly involved in modulating tau's interaction with microtubules based on the available research data.
Do a literature review about papers using bulk RNAseq to study the NASH progression?
5 answers
Bulk RNA-seq has been instrumental in studying the progression of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Studies have utilized bulk RNA-seq to identify metabolic divergence in Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) and NASH, revealing distinct gene expression patterns associated with disease progression. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis in NASH model mice highlighted gene expression changes from steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma, emphasizing the involvement of specific genes like CCL2, TLR4, and HSP47. Furthermore, a multi-omics approach combining bulk RNA-seq, proteomics, and single-cell RNA-seq elucidated key cellular populations driving NASH pathogenesis, emphasizing impaired lipid metabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, and pro-inflammatory responses as critical features of NASH development. These studies collectively underscore the significance of bulk RNA-seq in unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying NASH progression.
What is the difference between macrocyclic peptides and cyclic peptides?
5 answers
Macrocyclic peptides and cyclic peptides are related molecular structures with distinct characteristics. Macrocyclic peptides are highlighted for their potential in targeting intracellular protein-protein interactions and as oral drug modalities, often overcoming limitations of larger, polar peptides. On the other hand, cyclic peptides are known for their cell-permeable nature and their ability to fine-tune signaling by antagonizing specific states of Gαs. The synthesis of cyclic peptides can leverage reductive amination approaches, utilizing proteinogenic amine nucleophiles to form backbone-embedded pyridine motifs, allowing for post-cyclization modifications. Both macrocyclic and cyclic peptides offer unique advantages in drug development, with macrocyclic peptides excelling in targeting intracellular interactions and cyclic peptides being effective in modulating signaling pathways.
How to measure cell growth by measuring DNA content?
5 answers
To measure cell growth by assessing DNA content, various methods can be employed. Live-cell fluorescence microscopy (LCFM) offers a non-toxic approach using DNA fluorophores like Hoechst 33342 to quantify DNA content in single cells, enabling tracking of cellular dynamics and ploidy. Additionally, metabolic assays like AlamarBlue and DNA-binding fluorophores such as CyQuant and PicoGreen are utilized to determine cell proliferation rates by quantifying DNA content, highlighting discrepancies between metabolic activity and actual cell numbers. Moreover, staining cells with propidium iodide (PI) allows for the measurement of DNA content, aiding in determining cell cycle phases and identifying apoptotic cells with reduced DNA content. Flow cytometry with acridine orange staining provides a method to measure DNA and RNA content simultaneously, offering insights into cellular nucleic acid ratios and deviations in balanced cell growth.